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59 results for “behavioural development”
Figure 4 in Larval development and emigration behaviour during sea-to-land transition of the land hermit crab Coenobita brevimanus Dana, 1852 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Coenobitidae) under laboratory conditions
Figure 4. Coenobita brevimanus, second zoea: (A) antennule; (B) antenna; (C) mandibles; (D) maxillule; (E) maxilla; (F) first maxilliped; (G) second maxilliped; (H) third maxilliped; (I) telson. Scale bars: 100 μm (A–C, F–I) or 50 μm (D, E).
Figure 1 in Larval development and emigration behaviour during sea-to-land transition of the land hermit crab Coenobita brevimanus Dana, 1852 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Coenobitidae) under laboratory conditions
Figure 1. Numbers of larvae of Coenobita brevimanus reared individually in the laboratory. (A) Brood 1, hatched on 31 July 2008; (B) brood 2, hatched on 13 July 2010. Z1–Z4, first to fourth zoeae; MG, megalopa. Five specimens of each zoeal and megalopal stage were sampled from each brood.
Figure 5 in Larval development and emigration behaviour during sea-to-land transition of the land hermit crab Coenobita brevimanus Dana, 1852 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Coenobitidae) under laboratory conditions
Figure 5. Coenobita brevimanus, third zoea: (A) antennule; (B) antenna; (C) mandibles; (D) maxillule; (E) maxilla; (F) first maxilliped; (G) second maxilliped; (H) third maxilliped; (I) telson. Scale bars: 100 μm (A–C, F–I) or 50 μm (D, E).
Figure 2 in Larval development and emigration behaviour during sea-to-land transition of the land hermit crab Coenobita brevimanus Dana, 1852 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Coenobitidae) under laboratory conditions
Figure 2. Coenobita brevimanus, whole animals. Dorsal view: (A) first zoea; (B) second zoea; (C) third zoea; (D) fourth zoea; (E) megalopa. Lateral view: (F) first zoea; (G) second zoea; (H) third zoea; (I) fourth zoea. Scale bar: 1.0 mm.
Figure 10 in Larval development and emigration behaviour during sea-to-land transition of the land hermit crab Coenobita brevimanus Dana, 1852 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Coenobitidae) under laboratory conditions
Figure 10. The proportions of Coenobita brevimanus carrying three different sizes of gastropod shells. The small (S) and large (L) gastropod shells were Littoraria undulata and the medium (M) size shell was Littorina brevicula.
Figure 3 in Larval development and emigration behaviour during sea-to-land transition of the land hermit crab Coenobita brevimanus Dana, 1852 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Coenobitidae) under laboratory conditions
Figure 3. Coenobita brevimanus, first zoea: (A) antennule; (B) antenna; (C) mandibles; (D) maxillule; (E) maxilla; (F) first maxilliped; (G) second maxilliped; (H) third maxilliped; (I) telson. Scale bars: 100 μm (A–C, F, G, I), or 50 μm (D, E, H).
Figs 1-4 in Nesting behaviour, male territoriality and larval development of Eremnophila binodis (F ) from Brazil (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae)
Figs 1-4: Laval development of a female Eremnophila binodis consuming a caterpillar. 1 Newly emerged larva; 2 larva immobile feeding the prey probably by sucking; 3 larva in the fourth day of development consuming externally the prey; 4 full-grown larva, the head capsule was the only portion of the prey that was not consumed.
Figure 2 in Aspects of the reproductive behaviour and development of two forensically relevant species, Blaesoxipha (Gigantotheca) stallengi (Lahille, 1907) and Sarcophaga (Liopygia) ruficornis (Fabricius, 1794) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae)
Figure 2. Summary of the observed reproductive behaviour for Blaesoxipha stallengi (Lahille) and Sarcophaga ruficornis (Fabricius) in the laboratory.
Figure 1 in Aspects of the reproductive behaviour and development of two forensically relevant species, Blaesoxipha (Gigantotheca) stallengi (Lahille, 1907) and Sarcophaga (Liopygia) ruficornis (Fabricius, 1794) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae)
Figure 1. Characteristics used in the identification of the specimens. A and B – Blaesoxipha stallengi (Lahille), C and D – Sarcophaga ruficornis (Fabricius).
Figs 1-6 in Reproductive behaviour and larval development of Prionyx thomae (F ) from Brazil (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae)
Figs 1-6: Development of a male Prionyx thomae, consuming a specimen of the grasshopper Rhammatocerus pseudocyanipes. (1) Prey bearing the wasp's egg; (2) first day of larval development; (3) second day of larval development; (4) third day of larval development, the prey is death; (5) fourth day of larval development, full-grown larva; (6) adult male and its cocoon.
Evidence for personality development: juvenile red knots vary more in diet and exploratory behaviour than adults
<p>Evidence is accumulating that foraging behaviour and diet link to personality traits, yet little is known about how these associations emerge during development. It is expected that behaviour becomes more consistent with age, and thus experience. We compared exploratory behaviour and diet variances of juvenile and adult red knots shortly after migration to intertidal mudflats from tundra breeding grounds. By identifying the timing of the switch from tundra to marine isotopic signatures, we were also able to ask whether juveniles that arrived earlier were more consistent in exploration behaviour. We found that juveniles had a more diverse diet than adults, and that juveniles were less repeatable in exploration than adults. While juveniles had larger within-individual variance, among-individual variance was similar between age groups. Juveniles that arrived earlier did not vary more in exploratory behaviour compared to those that arrived later, suggesting that consistency in exploration was developed over a longer period than the four weeks of our study. Our findings suggests that after initial exploration of a novel habitat, juveniles likely try-out foraging techniques which later develop into consistent behaviours that differ among individuals. This study illuminates how personality can develop with experience in a free-living animal.</p>
Evidence for personality development: juvenile red knots vary more in diet and exploratory behaviour than adults
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Data from: Development of flight and foraging behaviour in a juvenile seabird with extreme soaring capacities
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Data from: Predictors of alcohol consumption among in-school adolescents in the Central Region of Ghana: a baseline information for developing cognitive-behavioural interventions
Background and purpose: Despite a recent shift in school going adolescents' engagement in health compromising behaviours has serious socio-economic implications on developing societies, it is surprising that baseline information through research that would influence planned interventions is sparse. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of alcohol drinking behaviours among in-school adolescents in the Junior High Schools (JHS) in the Central Region of Ghana. Methods and results: Using a descriptive cross-sectional design, multistage sampling procedures were used to sample 1400 school going adolescents in JHS in the Central Region. Preliminary results using simple frequencies and percentages revealed 42% alcohol drinking prevalence in the region. High prevalence of drunkenness (73%, n = 405) and early exposure to alcohol drinking when students were in primary school (52%, n = 286) were noted. Community festivals and use of alcohol as a form of medicine were enabling factors of alcohol consumption in the region. Binary logistic regression analysis also showed that geographical location was a significant predictor of alcohol drinking among school going adolescents, with students in the southern and central part of the region at greater risks of drinking alcohol than those from the northern part (OR = .696, 95% CI = 0.52-926, p = .013). However, no statistical significant variations were found in the odds of drinking alcohol within age (OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 0.86-1.48, p = .370), gender (OR = .81, 95% CI = 0.65-1.01, p = .06), religious affiliation (OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 0.94-1.89, p = .10), parental communication (OR = .86, 95% CI = 0.66-1.06, p = .13), academic performance (OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 0.79-1.45, p = .05) and socioeconomic status (OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 0.95-1.53, p = .12). Conclusions: With this baseline data, it was recommended that schools' curricula should include preventive cognitive-behavioural interventions that teach drug resistance skills and anti-drug norms. These interventions would foster the development of requisite knowledge and social skills (e.g., developing competence) for resisting social and peer influences that may trigger alcohol use and perhaps other drugs. Potentially, the motivation for alcohol use among school going adolescents in the region would be minimized, if not prevented.
Data from: The development of individual differences in cooperative behaviour: maternal glucocorticoid hormones alter helping behaviour of offspring in wild meerkats
The phenotype of parents can have long-lasting effects on the development of offspring as well as on their behaviour, physiology and morphology as adults. In some cases, these changes may increase offspring fitness but, in others, they can elevate parental fitness at a cost to the fitness of their offspring. We show that in Kalahari meerkats (Suricata suricatta), the circulating glucocorticoid (GC) hormones of pregnant females affect the growth and cooperative behaviour of their offspring. We performed a 3-year experiment in wild meerkats to test the hypothesis that GC-mediated maternal effects reduce the potential for offspring to reproduce directly and therefore cause them to exhibit more cooperative behaviour. Daughters (but not sons) born to mothers treated with cortisol during pregnancy grew more slowly early in life and exhibited significantly more of two types of cooperative behaviour (pup rearing and feeding) once they were adults compared to offspring from control mothers. They also had lower measures of GCs as they aged, which could explain the observed increases in cooperative behaviour. Because early life growth is a crucial determinant of fitness in female meerkats, our results indicate that GC-mediated maternal effects may reduce the fitness of offspring, but may elevate parental fitness as a consequence of increasing the cooperative behaviour of their daughters.
Data from: Successful despite poor flight performance: range expansion is associated with enhanced exploratory behaviour and fast development
Anthropogenic interference forces species to respond to changing environmental conditions. One possible response is dispersal and concomitant range shifts, allowing individuals to escape unfavourable conditions or to track the shifting climate niche. Range expansions depend on both dispersal capacity and the ability to establish populations beyond the former range. We here compare well-established core populations with recently established edge populations in the currently northward expanding butterfly Lycaena tityrus. Edge populations were characterized by shorter development times and smaller size, a higher sensitivity to high temperature, and an enhanced exploratory behaviour. The differences between core and edge populations found suggest adaptation to local climates and an enhanced dispersal ability in edge populations. In particular, enhanced exploratory behaviour may be advantageous in all steps of the dispersal process and may have facilitated the current range expansion. This study describes differences associated with a current range expansion, knowledge which might be useful for a better understanding of species responses to environmental change. We further report on variation between males and females in morphology and flight behaviour, with males showing a longer flight endurance and more pronounced exploratory behaviour than females.
Figure 2 in Reproductive behaviour and development dynamics of Odontophrynus cordobae (Anura, Cycloramphidae)
Figure 2. Courtship behaviour of Odontophrynus cordobae: (a) caller male at calling site; (b, c) submerged female approaching male and moving under his body; (d) female entirely located below the male and in physical contact with him; (e) male amplexing the female. Illustrations: L. Zavala Gallo.
Figure 1 in Reproductive behaviour and development dynamics of Odontophrynus cordobae (Anura, Cycloramphidae)
Figure 1. Release call of Odontophrynus cordobae: (a, c) oscillogram and sonogram of three calls; (b) detail of call; (d) detail of pulses.
Figure 2 in Mating behaviour, nympho-imaginal development and description of a new Mesabolivar species (Araneae: Pholcidae) from the Brazilian dry forest
Figure 2. Diagram of the sexual repertoire displayed by the Mesobolivar delclaroi sp. nov. spider. The behaviours are divided into four steps: Step I, Courtship; Step II, Pre-copulation – note in the arrow the early introduction of the copulatory bulb into the female's genitalia; Step III, Copulation, (a) lateral view, (b) ventral view – note the arrows indicating the pedipalp bristles rubbing the abdominal region of the female; Step IV, Post-copulation.
Figure 1 in Mating behaviour, nympho-imaginal development and description of a new Mesabolivar species (Araneae: Pholcidae) from the Brazilian dry forest
Figure 1. Mesabolivar delclaroi sp. nov. (A, B) Male chelicerae, (A) frontal, (B) lateral; (C) male left palp, retrolateral; (D–F) procursus tip, (D) prolateral, (E) dorsal, (F) retrolateral; (G) bulb, prolateral; (H–J) epigynum, (H) ventral, (I) lateral, (J) dorsal. Scale bar 0.5 mm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
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