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110 results for “benthic diatoms”
Metacommunity simulations for diatom assemblages residing in benthic cyanobacterial mats in Fryxell Basin in Taylor Valley in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica
Here, we use MCSim, a spatially explicit metacommunity simulation package for R, to test alternative hypotheses about the roles of dispersal and species sorting in maintaining the biodiversity of diatom assemblages residing in black and orange mats in Fryxell Basin in Taylor Valley in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica. The spatial distribution and patchiness of cyanobacterial mat habitats was characterized by remote imagery of the Lake Fryxell sub-catchment in Taylor Valley collected in January 2015. The available species pool for diatom metacommunity simulation scenarios was informed by the Antarctic Freshwater Diatoms Database, maintained by the McMurdo Dry Valleys Long Term Ecological Research program, representing samples collected between January 1994 and January 2013. We used simulation outcomes to test the plausibility of alternative community assembly hypotheses to explain empirically observed patterns of freshwater diatom biodiversity in the long-term record. The most plausible simulation scenarios suggest species sorting by environmental filters, alone, was not sufficient to maintain biodiversity in the Fryxell Basin diatom metacommunity. The most plausible scenarios included either (1) neutral models with different immigration rates for diatoms in orange and black mats or (2) species sorting by a relatively weak environmental filter, such that dispersal dynamics also influenced diatom community assembly, but there was not such a strong disparity in immigration rates between mat types. The results point to the importance of dispersal for understanding current and future biodiversity patterns for diatoms in this ecosystem, and more generally, provide further evidence that metacommunity theory is a useful framework for testing hypotheses about microbial community assembly. This dataset supports the paper: Sokol, E. Et al, 2020. Evaluating Alternative Metacommunity Hypotheses for Diatoms in the McMurdo Dry Valleys Using Simulations and Remote Sensing Data
Benthic diatoms of the Ebro Delta coastal wetlands (NW Mediterranean)
<p>This dataset includes 24 sites encompassing diatom counts and associated water chemistry parameters from wide range of wetland habitat types (coastal lagoons, salt and brackish marshes, shallow bays, microbial mats and nearshore marine waters) from the Ebro Delta (Spain). Diatom data represents sediment surface samples collected over three seasons (winter, spring and summer) from 2012-2013 years. The dataset has been formatted following the standards of the Tropical South American Diatom Database (<a href="https://zenodo.org/records/5721364">https://zenodo.org/records/5721364</a>)--a database constituent of Neotoma (<a href="https://www.neotomadb.org/">www.neotomadb.org</a>), a global community-curated database by regional experts for multiple types of paleoecological data--and as part of the project "DiatomS mEEt Databases: resources and practices to enable large-scale ecological research (SEED)" funded by the International Society for Diatom Research (<a href="https://isdr.org/early-career-networking-award/">https://isdr.org/early-career-networking-award/</a>).</p> <p> </p>
Data and script: Reduced enumeration effort, but not coarse taxonomic resolution, is sufficient to represent beta diversity patterns of stream benthic diatoms
<p>This is a dataset on benthic diatom communities sampled in 90 riffles (the local communities) within nine near-pristine subtropical streams (each stream represented a metacommunity) in southeast subtropical Brazil. </p> <p>In addition to the dataset, we also provide the R code used to investigate whether reduced enumeration efforts (i.e., subsets of counted valves per sample) and the identification to the genus level are sufficient to recover patterns in the species composition and in beta diversity of benthic diatom metacommunities.</p>
Figures 113–118 in Revisiting Potter Cove, King George Island, Antarctica, 12 years later: new observations of marine benthic diatoms
Figures 113–118: SEM images of the marine benthic diatoms in Potter Cove, King George Island, Antarctica, summer 2015. (113, 114) Cocconeis orbicularis, external and internal faces of sternum valve. (115, 116) Fragilariopsis cylindrus, internal valve sides. (117) Entomoneis paludosa. (118) Nitzschia australis.
Figures 60–78 in Revisiting Potter Cove, King George Island, Antarctica, 12 years later: new observations of marine benthic diatoms
Figures 60–78: Marine benthic diatoms in Potter Cove, King George Island, Antarctica, summer 2015. (60, 61) Cocconeis antigua. (62) Diploneis smithii. (63) Diploneis weissflogii. (64) Diploneis sp. (65) Caloneis sp. (66, 67) Navicula cancellate. (68) Navicula directa. (69, 70) Navicula perminuta. (71) Navicula sp. (72, 73) Pseudogomphonema kamtchaticum. (74) Trachyneis aspera. (75, 76) Biremis ambigua. (77) Parlibellus crucicula. (78) Pinnularia quadratarea.
Figures 12–19 in Revisiting Potter Cove, King George Island, Antarctica, 12 years later: new observations of marine benthic diatoms
Figures 12–19: Marine benthic diatoms in Potter Cove, King George Island, Antarctica, summer 2015. (12) Coscinodiscus radiatus. (13–16) Stellarima microtrias, figures showing variable number of central rimoportulae. (17) Asteromphalus parvulus. (18) Paralia sulcata. (19) Podosira stelliger.
Figures 93–106 in Revisiting Potter Cove, King George Island, Antarctica, 12 years later: new observations of marine benthic diatoms
Figures 93–106: Marine benthic diatoms in Potter Cove, King George Island, Antarctica in summer 2015. (93) Nitzschia angularis. (94, 95) Nitzschia australis. (96) Nitzschia mitchelliana. (97) Nitzschia cf. gelida. (98) Nitzschia hybrida. (99) Nitzschia cf. obtusa. (100) Nitzschia sigma. (101) Nitzschia sp. (102) Entomoneis gigantea. (103) Entomoneis kjellmanii. (104) Entomoneis paludosa. (105) Surirella fastuosa. (106) Surirella sp.
Figures 39–59 in Revisiting Potter Cove, King George Island, Antarctica, 12 years later: new observations of marine benthic diatoms
Figures 39–59: Marine benthic diatoms in Potter Cove, King George Island, Antarctica, summer 2015. (39) Lyrella hennedyi. (40) Petroneis sp. (41) Petroneis plagiostoma. (42) Staurophora sp. (43–46) Achnanthes cf. groenlandica, (43, 44) raphe valve, (45) sternum valve, (46) two cells in girdle view. (47) Cocconeis californica. (48) Cocconeis californica var. kerguelensis. (49) Cocconeis costata var. hexagona. (50) Cocconeis dallmannii. (51) Cocconeis fasciolata. (52) Cocconeis imperatrix. (53) Cocconeis matsii. (54, 55) Cocconeis melchioroides. (56–59) Cocconeis orbicularis, (56, 59) sternum valve, (57, 58) raphe valve.
Figures 20–26 in Revisiting Potter Cove, King George Island, Antarctica, 12 years later: new observations of marine benthic diatoms
Figures 20–26: Marine benthic diatoms in Potter Cove, King George Island, Antarctica, summer 2015. (20, 21) Actinocyclus actinochilus. (22) Trigonium arcticum. (23) Triceratium favus. (24–26) Odontella litigiosa.
Figures 2–11 in Revisiting Potter Cove, King George Island, Antarctica, 12 years later: new observations of marine benthic diatoms
Figures 2–11: Marine benthic diatoms in Potter Cove, King George Island, Antarctica, summer 2015. (2–4) Porosira glacialis. (5) Thalassiosira eccentrica. (6) Thalassiosira gracilis. (7) Thalassiosira oliveriana. (8) Thalassiosira sp. (9, 10) Melosira sol, (10) showing chain of cells in girdle view. (11) Melosira cf. adeliae.
Figures 107–112 in Revisiting Potter Cove, King George Island, Antarctica, 12 years later: new observations of marine benthic diatoms
Figures 107–112: SEM images of the marine benthic diatoms in Potter Cove, King George Island, Antarctica, summer 2015. (107, 108) Porosira glacialis, internal valve view showing the single marginal labiate process. (109–111) Entopyla ocellata, (109, 110) external valve view showing the wide and superficial apical porefield which occupies large area of valve face, (111) internal valve structure showing the narrow and crescent-like rimoportula openings (white arrows). (112) Navicula sp. 2.
Figures 27–38 in Revisiting Potter Cove, King George Island, Antarctica, 12 years later: new observations of marine benthic diatoms
Figures 27–38: Marine benthic diatoms in Potter Cove, King George Island, Antarctica, summer 2015. (27) Corethron pennatum. (28) Fragilaria striatula. (29) Synedropsis sp. (30) Licmophora antarctica. (31–32) Licmophora belgicae. (33) Licmophora gracilis. (34) Licmophora luxuriosa. (35) Thalassionema nitzschioides. (36) Rhabdonema arcuatum. (37, 38) Entopyla ocellata.
Figures 79–92 in Revisiting Potter Cove, King George Island, Antarctica, 12 years later: new observations of marine benthic diatoms
Figures 79–92: Marine benthic diatoms in Potter Cove, King George Island, Antarctica, summer 2015. (79) Gyrosigma arcuatum. (80) Gyrosigma fasciola. (81) Gyrosigma cf. obscurum. (82) Pleurosigma eudon var. kerguelensis. (83) Pleurosigm diversestriatum. (84) Pleurosigma strigosum. (85) Amphora gourdonii. (86) Amphora marina. (87, 88) Amphora sp. 1. (89) Amphora sp. 2. (90) Cylindrotheca closterium. (91, 92) Fragilariopsis cylindrus.
Figures 139–149. Figs 139–143 in Benthic marine diatom flora of Guam: new records, redescription of Psammodictyon pustulatum n. comb., n. stat., and three new species (Colliculoamphora gabgabensis, Lauderia excentrica, and Rhoiconeis pagoensis)
Figures 139–149. Figs 139–143. Rhoicosigma compactum (GU52N-7). Fig. 139. Three views of a live cell in different orientations (DIC). Figs 140, 141. Acid-cleaned valves showing the two contrasting raphe paths: convex valve nearly straight raphe, concave valve highly sigmoid (DIC). Fig. 142. External detail, convex valve, showing overlapping central raphe endings and pattern of striae (SEM). Fig. 143. Internal surface of concave valve. Figs 144, 145. Seminavis robusta, DIC (GU52Q-1a) and SEM (GU52Q-10a). Figs 146–149. Surirella cf. fastuosa. Fig. 146. Live cell show lobed plastid (GU66C-7). Fig. 147. Valve in DIC (GU44AQ-3) (two stacked images). Figs 148, 149. External and internal views of valve (GU66A-1, GU66A-2) (SEM). Scale bars: Figs 139–141, 143–149 = 10 µm, Figs 142 = 5 µm.
Figures 127–138. Figs 125–126 in Benthic marine diatom flora of Guam: new records, redescription of Psammodictyon pustulatum n. comb., n. stat., and three new species (Colliculoamphora gabgabensis, Lauderia excentrica, and Rhoiconeis pagoensis)
Figures 127–138. Figs 125–126. Psammodictyon pustulatum (GU66A-3) (SEM). Fig. 127. Oblique view of frustule showing linear pores on the dorsal valve face (arrow). In both Figs 127 and 128 the transition from the ventral to dorsal parts of the valvocopula is visible (arrowheads). Fig. 128. Apical view of frustule showing the distinctive topography of the ventral side of the raphe-keel, along with the linear pores on the dorsal side of the other valve (arrow) (two stacked images). Figs 129, 130. Pteroncola inane (SEM). Fig. 129. Frustule in girdle view (GU41D-1A). Fig. 130. Broken frustule showing internal and external valve faces, with the single row of internal pores (arrows) (Jordan collection, image by Misaki Ishizawa) (SEM). Figs. 131–138. Rhoiconeis pagoensis. Figs 131, 132. Same live cell in valve and girdle view showing plastids (GU7X-8) (DIC). Figs 133, 134. Holotype (valve view) and a girdle view from the same slide (GU7X-7) (DIC). Fig. 135. Frustule in valve view (GU7X-7) (SEM). Fig. 136. Frustule in girdle view; note the very short striae at the central area on the concave valve (GU7X-2) (SEM). Fig. 137. Detail of a pair of frustules showing difference in striae lengths at central area on convex and concave valves (GU7X-2) (SEM). Fig. 138. Apex of a frustule in girdle view showing the segmented valvocopula (S1 and S2) and two pleural bands (P1 and P2) (GU7X-5) (SEM). Scale bars: Fig. 136 = 10 µm, Figs 127–128, 131–135 = 5 µm, Figs 129, 130, 137, 138 = 2 µm.
Figures 107–113 in Benthic marine diatom flora of Guam: new records, redescription of Psammodictyon pustulatum n. comb., n. stat., and three new species (Colliculoamphora gabgabensis, Lauderia excentrica, and Rhoiconeis pagoensis)
Figures 107–113. Pogoneis bahrainii. (GU44I-4) (SEM, except Fig. 107 DIC). Fig 107. Frustules in valve and girdle views. Fig. 108. Frustule in girdle view. Fig 109. SV, external view. Fig. 110. Detail of central area of RV. Fig. 111. Detail of apex of RV, showing the thickened "prow." Fig. 112. RV, internal view showing silica plate bordering the raphe and extending into interstrial costae. Fig 113. RV, detail of internal view showing apex. Scale bars: 107 = 10 µm; 108–113 = 1 µm.
Figures 114–126. Figs 114–117. Protokeelia cholnokyi. Fig. 114 in Benthic marine diatom flora of Guam: new records, redescription of Psammodictyon pustulatum n. comb., n. stat., and three new species (Colliculoamphora gabgabensis, Lauderia excentrica, and Rhoiconeis pagoensis)
Figures 114–126. Figs 114–117. Protokeelia cholnokyi. Fig. 114. Valve in LM (GU44I-1) (DIC). Fig. 115. External view of valve (GU44J-2 / ECT3569), SEM; image courtesy of Elizabeth Ruck. Fig. 116. Internal view of valve (GU44Z-15) (SEM). Fig. 117. External, dorsal view of whole frustule showing girdle bands and dorsal faces of valves (SEM); courtesy of Elizabeth Ruck. Figs 118–126. Psammodictyon pustulatum. Figs 118, 119. Frustule at two focal planes (GU66F-7A) (DIC). Fig. 120. Valve from GU66A-3 (DIC). Fig. 121. Specimen from Nagasaki on Meister's slide 3509092. Fig. 122. Valve from Hustedt collection, slide W1/18, specimen from Vera Cruz, Mexico, image courtesy of Friedel Hinz. Fig. 123. External view of valve face (GU52Q-10a) (SEM). Fig. 124. Internal view of valve and part of the valvocopula. Arrows indicate where the valvocopula is broken. Inset shows full-resolution detail of valve margin and valvocopula, with the row of pores on the latter. Fig. 125. Frustule in oblique view showing the valves and girdle components. The ventral part of the valvocopula (vc) of the epivalve (ev) is visible at the front, and at the back the distal part of the valvocopula for the hypovalve (hv). Arrow indicates row of pores on the first pleura (p). Fig. 126. External detail of valve, showing the loculate character; arrow indicates row of pores on valvocopula. Scale bars: Figs 114–117, 123, 124 = 5 µm, Figs 118–122 = 10 µm, Figs 125, 126 = 2 µm.
Figures 98–106. Figs 98–105 in Benthic marine diatom flora of Guam: new records, redescription of Psammodictyon pustulatum n. comb., n. stat., and three new species (Colliculoamphora gabgabensis, Lauderia excentrica, and Rhoiconeis pagoensis)
Figures 98–106. Figs 98–105. Pinnunavis yarrensis (GU69A-1). Fig. 98. Live cell showing plastid lobes below the valve surface (DIC). Figs 99–101. Three valves of different sizes (DIC). Fig. 102. Detail of areolae and central area, external (SEM). Fig. 103. Detail of girdle view showing valvocopula with single row of pores (SEM). Fig. 104. Fragment of apex, broken along the raphe slit, showing helictoglossa and thickened interstriae (SEM). Fig. Detail of valvocopula showing fluted margin of the pars interior (SEM). Fig. 106. Plagiogramma atomus, external valve view (GU44L-E) (SEM). Scale bars: Fig 98–101 = 10 µm, Figs 102–106 = 5 µm.
Figures 87–97. Figs 87, 88 in Benthic marine diatom flora of Guam: new records, redescription of Psammodictyon pustulatum n. comb., n. stat., and three new species (Colliculoamphora gabgabensis, Lauderia excentrica, and Rhoiconeis pagoensis)
Figures 87–97. Figs 87, 88. Nitzschia janischii whole mount, details of central nodule and apex (GU44Z-15) (SEM). Figs 89–94. Nitzschia nienhuisii. Figs 89, 90. Girdle and valve views of the same cell in a wet mount (DIC). Figs 91, 92. Girdle and valve views of frustules in permanent mounts (GU44R-1, GU52P-1) (phase contrast). Figs 93, 94. Whole mount in SEM, and detail of central raphe endings (GU7R). Figs 95–97. Petroneis humerosa (GU44I-3). Fig. 95. Valve (DIC). Fig. 96. External view of valve (SEM). Fig. 97. Internal detail (SEM). Scale bars: Figs 87–93, 95, 96 = 10 µm, Fig. 94 = 2 µm, Fig. 97 = 5 µm.
Figures 72–86. Fig. 72 in Benthic marine diatom flora of Guam: new records, redescription of Psammodictyon pustulatum n. comb., n. stat., and three new species (Colliculoamphora gabgabensis, Lauderia excentrica, and Rhoiconeis pagoensis)
Figures 72–86. Fig. 72. Mastogloia pumila. Frustule showing two internal valve faces and valvocopulae; notice the variation in number of partecta (GU52P-1) (SEM). Figs 73–79. Mastogloia quinquecostata. Fig. 73. Live cell showing plastids (GU66A-5) (DIC). Figs 74–76. Frustule at three focal planes showing conopeum, areola pattern of valve face, and partecta (GU52Q-10a) (DIC). Figs 77, 78. Specimen at two focal planes showing the join in the conopeum (arrow) (GU44I-1) (DIC). Fig. 79. Oblique external view of valve showing seam along the conopeum (arrow) (GU66F-8) (SEM). Figs 80–82. Mastogloia seychellensis (GU52Q-10a). Figs 80, 81. Specimen at two focal planes, the valvocopula showing diagonal partectal ducts (DIC). Fig. 82. External view of valve (SEM). Figs 83–86. Nitzschia janischii. Fig. 83. Live cell in girdle view, showing nucleus (arrow) and plastids with pyrenoids (GU44AR-2) (DIC). Fig. 84. Portion of valve (GU44Z-15) (DIC). Figs 85, 86. Internal details of apex and central area, respectively, the latter showing the central nodule (arrow) (GU44AR-2) (SEM). Scale bars: Figs 73–78, 80–84 = 10 µm, Figs 72, 79, 85, 86 = 5 µm.
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