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Sampling Effort Metadata for the Central and South Atlantic Offshore and Deep-Sea Benthos
<p>Metadata containing information on the sampling of benthic taxa in => 30 m water depth in the Central and South Atlantic. This data was compiled as part of a baseline review of the science, policy and management of the region (Bridges et al. in press). Metadata was compiled from sources identified through a literature search and information provided by members of the Challenger 150 Central and South Atlantic Regional Scientific Research Working Group.</p> <p>Version 1 (November, 2022): Metadata used in the Bridges et al. (in press) gap analysis with the exclusion of sensitive datasets (Atkinson et al. In prep). These are in the process of being made open access and will be added in due course. </p> <p> </p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <p>Atkinson et al in prep. SeaMap FBIP.</p> <p>Bridges. A.E.H., Howell, K.L., Amaro, T., Atkinson, L., Barnes, D.K.A., Bax, N., Bell, J.B., Bernardino, A.F., Beuck, L., Braga-Henriques, A., Brandt, A., Bravo, M.E., Brix, S., Butt, S., Carranza, A., Doti, B.L., Elegbede, I.O., Esquete, P., Freiwald, A., Gaudron, S.M., Guilhon, M., Hebbeln, D., Horton, T., Kainge, P., Kaiser, S., Lauretta, D., Limongi, P., Mcquaid, K.A., Milligan, R.J., Miloslavich, P., Narayanaswamy, B.E., Orejas, C., Paulus, S., Pearman, T.R.R., Perez, J.A., Ross, R.E., Saeedi, H., Shimabukuro, M., Sink, K., Stevenson, A., Taylor, M., Titschack, J., Vieira, R.P., Vinha, B. & Wienberg, C. Review of the Central and South Atlantic Shelf and Deep-Sea Benthos: Science, Policy and Management. <em>Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review</em>.</p> <p> </p>
Fig. 18. A in Aglaopheniid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Aglaopheniidae) from off New Caledonia collected during KANACONO and KANADEEP expeditions of the French Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos Program
Fig. 18. A. Macrorhynchia phoenicea (Busk, 1852), hydrotheca from sample MNHN-IK-2015-510. — B–D. Macrorhynchia disjuncta (Pictet, 1893), portion of stem (B), hydrotheca (C) and phylactocarp with gonotheca (D) from sample MNHN-IK-2015-513. Scale bars: A–C = 200 µm; D = 500 µm.
Fig. 14 in Aglaopheniid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Aglaopheniidae) from off New Caledonia collected during KANACONO and KANADEEP expeditions of the French Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos Program
Fig. 14. Lytocarpia pilosa sp. nov., from sample MNHN-IK-2015-524. A–C. Portion of stem seen frontally (A) and basally (B), and detached pseudophylactocarp (C). D. Hydrotheca. E. Costa of corbula. Scale bars: A–C, E = 500 µm; D = 200 µm.
Fig. 15 in Aglaopheniid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Aglaopheniidae) from off New Caledonia collected during KANACONO and KANADEEP expeditions of the French Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos Program
Fig. 15. Lytocarpia pseudoctenata sp. nov. A. Portion of stem. B–D. Hydrotheca (B) and details of its basal (C) and distal (D) parts, all seen laterally. E–F. Portion of the rachis of corbula, and costa with gonotheca (F). From samples MNHN-IK-2015-527 (C–D) and MNHN-IK-2015-528 (A–B, E–F). Scale bars: A, F = 500 µm; B–E = 200 µm.
Fig. 12. A–C in Aglaopheniid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Aglaopheniidae) from off New Caledonia collected during KANACONO and KANADEEP expeditions of the French Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos Program
Fig. 12. A–C. Lytocarpia fragilis sp. nov, fertile colony (A) and details of a corbula (B–C), all from sample MNHN-IK-2015-523 (holotype). — D–F. Lytocarpia pilosa sp. nov., fertile colony (D), portion of stem, showing proximal parts of pseudophylactocarps (E), and corbula (F), all from sample MNHN-IK-2015-524 (holotype). — G–H. Lytocarpia pseudoctenata sp. nov., fertile colony (G) and corbula (H), all from sample MNHN-IK-2015-527 (holotype). Scale bars: A, D = 1 cm; B, H = 1 mm; C, E = 500 µm; F = 2 mm; G = 2 cm.
Fig. 10 in Aglaopheniid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Aglaopheniidae) from off New Caledonia collected during KANACONO and KANADEEP expeditions of the French Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos Program
Fig. 10. Gymnangium expansum (Jäderholm, 1903). A. Diagrammatic illustration of the mode of branching of the stem: main (m. t.) and accessory (a. t.) tubes, primary (p. b.) and secondary (s. b.) branches with cladia. B–C. Stem internode with gonotheca (B) and detail (C), showing the nematotheca associated to the hydrocladial apophysis. Hydrothecae in lateral (D–E) and frontal (F) views, and detail of their base (G). H–K. Nematothecae: mesial with bifid (H) and quintuple (I) aperture; lateral with simple (J) and bifid (K) apertures. From samples MNHN-IK-2015-515 (B, C, E, G, H, J) and MNHN-IK-2015-516 (D, F, I, K). Scale bars: B, D–F = 200 µm; C, G–K = 100 µm.
Fig. 11. A in Aglaopheniid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Aglaopheniidae) from off New Caledonia collected during KANACONO and KANADEEP expeditions of the French Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos Program
Fig. 11. A. Lytocarpia brevirostris (Busk, 1852), hydrotheca from sample MNHN-IK-2015-514. — B–K. Lytocarpia fragilis sp. nov., from sample MNHN-IK-2015-523. A–B. Portions of stems in frontal (B) and dorsal (C) aspects. D–G. Hydrotheca seen laterally (D) and frontally (E), and details of its basal (F) and distal (G) parts, both in lateral view. H–I. Distal part of mesial nematotheca seen frontally (H) and apically (I). J–K. Two corbulacostae. Scale bars: B = 500 µm; A, D–E, J–K = 200 µm; C, F–I = 100 µm.
Fig. 9 in Aglaopheniid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Aglaopheniidae) from off New Caledonia collected during KANACONO and KANADEEP expeditions of the French Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos Program
Fig. 9. Cladocarpus pennatus sp. nov. (continued). A–E. Hydrothecae from different colonies seen in lateral view (A–D), to show variation in abaxial curvature, and proximalmost part of a hydrocladium seen frontally (E). F–G. Details of the basal (F) and distal (G) parts of a hydrotheca seen laterally. From samples MNHN-IK-2015-531 (C), MNHN-IK-2015-532 (A, E–G), MNHN-IK-2015-536 (D) and MNHN-IK-2015-539 (B). Scale bars: A–E = 200 µm; F–G = 100 µm.
Fig. 16. A in Aglaopheniid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Aglaopheniidae) from off New Caledonia collected during KANACONO and KANADEEP expeditions of the French Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos Program
Fig. 16. A. Lytocarpia cf. spiralis (Totton, 1930), colony from sample MNHN-IK-2015-546. — B. Lytocarpia subtilis sp. nov., colony and corbula (insert) from sample MNHN-IK-2015-525 (holotype). — C–D. Macrorhynchia phoenicea (Busk, 1852) (C), from sample MNHN-IK-2015-512, compared to M. disjuncta (Pictet, 1893) (D), from sample MNHN-IK-2015-513. — E–G. Macrorhynchia spiralis sp. nov., colonies from samples MNHN-IK-2015-519 (E, holotype) and MNHN-IK-2015-520 (F, one paratype), and medusoid gonophore (G) from former sample. Scale bars: A = 3 cm; B–F = 1 cm; B (insert) = 1 mm; G = 100 µm.
Fig. 8 in Aglaopheniid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Aglaopheniidae) from off New Caledonia collected during KANACONO and KANADEEP expeditions of the French Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos Program
Fig. 8. Cladocarpus pennatus sp. nov. (part). Portion of stem showing insertions of successive cladia (A) and details of apophysis with its associated nematothecae (B–C). Proximal portions of fertile cladia in frontal (D, with phylactocarp) and dorsal (E, phylactocarp on first cormidium not shown) aspects. Phylactocarp (F). Male (G) and female (H) gonothecae. Hydrotheca seen apically (I). From samples MNHN-IK-2015-532 (A–C), MNHN-IK-2015-533 (E, I), MNHN-IK-2015-537 (G) and MNHN-IK-2015-540 (D, F, H). Scale bars: G = 100 µm; A–F, H, I = 200 µm.
Fig. 7 in Aglaopheniid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Aglaopheniidae) from off New Caledonia collected during KANACONO and KANADEEP expeditions of the French Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos Program
Fig. 7. Cladocarpus partitus sp. nov., from sample MNHN-IK-2015-529. Portions from proximal (A, seen frontally; B, seen laterally) and distal (C, with insertion of phylactocarp) parts of stem. Hydrotheca seen laterally (D) and frontally (E), and details of its basal (F) and distal (G) parts; mesial nematotheca (H) seen frontally (left) and apically (right); internal septa in an apical view of the hydrotheca (I). Distal end of phylactocarp with two gonothecae (J). Scale bars: A–C = 500 µm; D–G, J = 200 µm; H, I = 100 µm.
Fig. 2. Aglaophenia howensis Briggs, 1918 in Aglaopheniid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Aglaopheniidae) from off New Caledonia collected during KANACONO and KANADEEP expeditions of the French Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos Program
Fig. 2. Aglaophenia howensis Briggs, 1918, from sample MNHN-IK-2015-544. A–B. Portion of a stem in frontal aspect (A) and of another stem in dorsal aspect (B). C–F. Two hydrothecae from one colony in lateral (C, F), frontal (D) and apical (E) views. G–I. A hydrotheca from another colony in lateral (G), frontal (H) and apical (I) aspects. Scale bars: A–H = 200 µm.
Fig. 1. A–B. Aglaophenia howensis Briggs, 1918 in Aglaopheniid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Aglaopheniidae) from off New Caledonia collected during KANACONO and KANADEEP expeditions of the French Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos Program
Fig. 1. A–B. Aglaophenia howensis Briggs, 1918, fertile cormoid (A) and corbula (B), both from sample MNHN-IK-2015-544. — C. Aglaophenia sinuosa Bale, 1888, cormoid from sample MNHN- IK-2015-545. — D–E. Cladocarpus asymmetricus sp. nov., fertile cormoid (D) and phylactocarp (E) from sample MNHN-IK-2015-530 (holotype). — F. Cladocarpus keiensis Schuchert, 2003, colony from sample MNHN-IK-2015-534. Scale bars: F = 2 cm; A, C–D = 1 cm; E = 1 mm; B = 500 µm.
Fig. 23. Phylogenetic hypothesis for the Halopterididae Millard, 1962 in Plumularioid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from off New Caledonia collected during KANACONO and KANADEEP expeditions of the French Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos Program
Fig. 23. Phylogenetic hypothesis for the Halopterididae Millard, 1962. The species discussed in this study is highlighted in yellow, and the newly-produced sequence is in bold. Numbers at nodes represent BPP and BS, respectively, and are shown only when both BPP Ż 0.9 and BS Ż 75.
Fig. 18. Monostaechas fisheri Nutting, 1905 in Plumularioid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from off New Caledonia collected during KANACONO and KANADEEP expeditions of the French Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos Program
Fig. 18. Monostaechas fisheri Nutting, 1905, morphotype with shallower hydrothecae and longer lateral nematothecae: patterns of branching. Slender lines represent cladia, thicker lines show primary, secondary or tertiary stems; dots correspond to the hydrothecae.
Fig. 15. A–B in Plumularioid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from off New Caledonia collected during KANACONO and KANADEEP expeditions of the French Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos Program
Fig. 15. A–B. Halopteris campanula (Busk, 1852), female (A) and male (B) gonothecae from samples MNHN-IK-2015-598 and MNHN-IK-2015-597, respectively. — C. Halopteris infundibulum Vervoort, 1966, possible female gonotheca, from sample MNHN-IK-2015-608. — D–E. Halopteris peculiaris Billard, 1913, female (D) and male (E) gonothecae, both from sample MNHN-IK-2015-609. Scale bar: 300 µm.
Fig. 14 in Plumularioid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from off New Caledonia collected during KANACONO and KANADEEP expeditions of the French Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos Program
Fig. 14 (opposite page). A–D. Corhiza patula Galea sp. nov., from holotype MNHN-IK-2015-602, proximal portion of cladium (A); nematothecae: mesial (B), lateral (C), and from ahydrothecate internode (D). — E–J. Corhiza pauciarmata Ansín Agís et al., 2009, from sample MNHN-IK-2015-604, portion of cladium (E); nematothecae: mesial (F), lateral (G) and from ahydrothecate internode in lateral (H) and adaxial (I) aspects; cnidome (J). — K. Halopteris campanula (Busk, 1852), portion of cladium from sample MNHN-IK-2015-597. — L–M. Halopteris infundibulum Vervoort, 1966, cladial hydrotheca in lateral (L) and frontal (M) aspects, both from sample MNHN-IK-2015-608. — N–P. Halopteris peculiaris Billard, 1913, proximal portion of cladium seen laterally (N); single (O) or paired (P) lateral nematothecae associated to cauline hydrothecae; all from sample MNHN-IK-2015-609. Scale bars: A, E = 500 µm; B–D, F–I, O–P = 100 µm; J = 10 µm; K–N = 300 µm
Fig. 21 in Plumularioid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from off New Caledonia collected during KANACONO and KANADEEP expeditions of the French Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos Program
Fig. 21 (opposite page). Phylogenetic hypothesis for the Aglaopheniidae Marktanner-Turneretscher, 1890. Species discussed in this study are highlighted in yellow. Newly produced sequences are in bold. Numbers at nodes represent Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPP) and maximum likelihood bootstrap supports (BS), respectively, and are shown only when both BPP Ż 0.9 and BS Ż 75.
Fig. 10 in Plumularioid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from off New Caledonia collected during KANACONO and KANADEEP expeditions of the French Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos Program
Fig. 10 (opposite page). A. Schizoplumularia elegans Ansín Agís et al., 2016, monosiphonic portion of a branch with proximal part of a cladium, from sample MNHN-IK-2015-548. — B–K. Schizoplumularia helicoidalis sp. nov., portion of stem showing fate of component tubes (B); portion of branch with five successive cladial apophyses and proximal part of a cladium (C); portions of cladia from material other than the holotype (D–E); detail of cladial apophysis (F); cladial internode with hydrotheca and its associated nematothecae (G); nematothecae of stem (H) and of cladial intersegment in adaxial (I) and lateral (J) views; gonotheca from material not belonging to the type (K); B–C, F–J from the holotype, MNHN-IK-2015-610; D–E, K from sample MNHN-IK-2015-596. Scale bars: A, C–E = 300 µm; B = 1 mm; F–K = 100 µm
Fig. 20 in Plumularioid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from off New Caledonia collected during KANACONO and KANADEEP expeditions of the French Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos Program
Fig. 20 (opposite page). Thamnopteros uniserius Galea gen. et sp. nov., portion of fascicled stem giving rise laterally to a Halopteris-like branch, of which only the proximalmost part, showing the prosegment, is depicted (A); more distal portion of another branch, note slight change in the hydrothecal shape (the arrow indicates a cladial apophysis) (B); two cauline hydrothecae seen laterally, to show variation in the length of the lateral nematothecae (C–D); cladial hydrothecae seen laterally (E) and frontally (F), note differences in the size of the lateral nematothecae belonging to each pair; detail of the hydrothecal axil (G); nematothecae: mesial (H), of the component tubes of the fascicled stem (I), and from above the cauline hydrothecae (J); gonotheca (K); all from sample MNHN-IK-2015-611. Scale bars: A–B = 500 µm; C–F = 200 µm; G–J = 100 µm; K = 300 µm.
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