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6 results for “beta diversity components”
Title: Partitioning plant spectral diversity into alpha and beta components
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Plant spectral diversity — how plants differentially interact with solar radiation — is an integrator of plant chemical, structural, and taxonomic diversity that can be remotely sensed. We propose to measure spectral diversity as spectral variance, which allows the partitioning of the spectral diversity of a region, called spectral <i>gamma</i> (<i>γ</i>) diversity, into additive alpha (<i>α</i>; within communities) and beta (<i>β</i>; among communities) components. Our method calculates the contributions of individual bands or spectral features to spectral <i>γ</i>-, <i>β</i>-, and <i>α</i>-diversity, as well as the contributions of individual plant communities to spectral diversity. We present two case studies illustrating how our approach can identify "hotspots" of spectral <i>α</i>-diversity within a region, and discover spectrally unique areas that contribute strongly to <i>β</i>-diversity. Partitioning spectral diversity and mapping its spatial components has many applications for conservation since high local diversity and distinctiveness in composition are two key criteria used to determine the ecological value of ecosystems.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Data from: Diversity partitioning confirms the importance of beta components in tropical rainforest Lepidoptera
Tropical beta diversity, and particularly that of herbivorous insects in rainforests, is often considered enormous, but this notion has recently been challenged. As tropical beta diversity is highly relevant to our view on biodiversity, it is important to gain more insights and resolve methodological problems that may lead to the contradictions in different studies. We used data on two ecologically distinct moth families from Southeast-Asia and analyzed separately the contribution of beta components to overall species richness at three spatial scales. Observed diversity partitions were compared under different types of null models. We found that alpha diversity was lower than expected from null models, whereas hierarchical beta components were larger than expected. Beta components played a significant role in shaping gamma diversity, and their contribution can be high (multiplicative beta >5). We found a reduction of beta components when comparing primary forests and agricultural sites (cf. "biotic homogenization"), but even in these habitats beta components were still substantial. Our analyses show that beta components do play an important role in our data on tropical herbivorous insects, and that these results are not due to lumping different habitats when sampling environmental gradients.
Data from: A meta-analysis of nestedness and turnover components of beta diversity across organisms and ecosystems
The number of studies investigating the nestedness and turnover components of beta diversity has increased substantially, but our general understanding of the drivers of turnover and nestedness remains elusive. Here, we examined the effects of species traits, spatial extent, latitude and ecosystem type on the nestedness and turnover components of beta diversity. From the 99 studies that partition total beta diversity into its turnover and nestedness components, we assembled 269 and 259 data points for the pairwise and multiple site beta-diversity metrics, respectively. Our data covered a broad variation in species dispersal type, body size and trophic position. The data were from freshwater, marine and terrestrial realms, and encompassed geographical areas from the tropics to near polar regions. We used linear modelling as a meta-regression tool to analyse the data.Pairwise turnover, multiple site turnover and total beta diversity all decreased significantly with latitude. In contrast, multiple site nestedness showed a positive relationship with latitude. Beta-diversity components did not generally differ among the realms. The turnover component and total beta diversity increased with spatial extent, whereas nestedness was scale invariant for pairwise metrics. Multiple site beta-diversity components did not vary with spatial extent. Surprisingly, passively dispersed organisms had lower turnover and total beta diversity than flying organisms. Body size showed a relatively weak relationship with beta diversity but had important interactions with trophic position, thus also affecting beta diversity via interactive effects. Producers had significantly higher average pairwise turnover and total beta diversity than carnivores. The present results provide evidence that species turnover, being consistently the larger component of total beta diversity, and nestedness are related to the latitude of the study area and intrinsic organismal features. We showed that two beta-diversity components had generally opposing patterns with regard to latitude. We highlight that beta-diversity partition may give additional insights into the underlying causes of spatial variability in biotic communities compared with total beta diversity alone.
Data from: Diversity partitioning confirms the importance of beta components in tropical rainforest Lepidoptera
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Title: Partitioning plant spectral diversity into alpha and beta components
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: A meta-analysis of nestedness and turnover components of beta diversity across organisms and ecosystems
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
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