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9 results for “biodiversity census”
Sapling Census:FAB 1: Forests and Biodiversity Experiment - High density diversity experiment
A forest biodiversity experiment (FAB) focused on trees of our region investigates the consequences of multiple dimensions of tree diversity for soil, food webs, plant communities and ecosystems. FAB is designed to unravel effects of three forms of biological diversity: species richness (SR), functional diversity (FD), and phylogenetic diversity (PD). We define FD as the representation of multiple traits of leaves, roots, seeds, and the whole organism that are correlated with species positions along gradients of resource supply, growth, and decomposition. PD is the representation of evolutionary lineages measured as the genetic distances between species. While PD and FD are often correlated, convergent evolution and adaptive differentiation can decouple them. When functional traits that drive specific ecosystem functions are not phylogenetically conserved, PD and FD may give contrasting predictions. SR, PD, and FD are not independent, and we posit that PD may help explain SR effects, and FD may help explain both PD and SR effects. Thus FAB is designed to examine the separate and combined effects of all three components of diversity for multiple ecosystem functions and to distinguish between ???sampling??? and ???complementarity??? effects of biodiversity. Due to the long lag between planting tree seedlings and determining effects of tree composition and diversity on ecosystem functioning, fewer experiments have been established to elucidate the role of biodiversity in the functioning of forest ecosystems than grassland experiments. FAB will contribute to this gap and is a member of the IDENT and TreeDiv network of forest biodiversity experiments (www.treedivnet.ugent.be). Hypotheses: 1. PD, FD, and SR will all contribute to increased productivity, stability, and diversity of other trophic levels (herbivores, predators, parasitoids, soil microbes, soil flora and fauna) as well as to greater soil C sequestration. 2. Because PD incorporates both the number of species a
Sapling Census:FAB 2 -DIV: Forests and Biodiversity Experiment - Low density diversity experiment
The long-term forest biodiversity experiment (FAB2), is designed to expand the capacity and scope of FAB1, established in 2012. Like its predecessor, FAB2 focuses on trees of our region, tested for survival and growth at Cedar Creek. The experiment provides the ability to examine the same diversity of plant, soil, decomposer, food web, and ecosystem responses that have been studied in the grassland biodiversity experiments but also allows us to pose novel questions regarding the effects of functional and phylogenetic diversity on ecosystem processes and the long-term consequences of species-specific effects on ecosystem properties.
Absolute fish population censuses in ponds demonstrate eDNA metabarcoding provides biodiversity estimates comparable to conventional sampling methods
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Rubble Biodiversity Samplers (RUBS): 3D-printed coral models to standardise biodiversity censuses
<p>1. To ensure standardised, quantitative and repeatable methodologies, marine ecologists have engineered a range of artificial units to survey benthic communities with varying designs depending on target taxa, life history stage and habitat. In tropical ecosystems, autonomous units have typically lacked microhabitat complexity (e.g. planar tiles), short-term efficacy (> 1 y deployment) and/or a truly standardised design to sample cryptobenthic diversity.<br> 2. Coral rubble is characterised by high microhabitat complexity, which is unresolved in sampling efforts. Yet, rubble can support the greatest density and diversity of metazoan taxa.<br> 3. We engineered Rubble Biodiversity Samplers (RUBS) as a dismantlable lightweight 3D-printed model to standardise cryptobenthic biodiversity sampling.<br> 4. We demonstrate the effectiveness of RUBS with preliminary results from short-term (1–14 days) deployments in Palau, Western Micronesia.<br> 5. RUBS uphold the microhabitat complexity inherent in coral rubble (~50% interstitial space) and provide an effective and efficient methodology to sample cryptobenthic fauna, which could be applied in comparative studies.<br> 6. The RUBS concept provides a platform for the broader implementation of 3D-printed models in marine ecology to overcome issues of standardisation regardless of habitat type.</p>
Rubble Biodiversity Samplers (RUBS): 3D-printed coral models to standardise biodiversity censuses
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Figure 1 from: Perissinotto R, Miranda N, Raw J, Peer N (2014) Biodiversity census of Lake St Lucia, iSimangaliso Wetland Park (South Africa): Gastropod molluscs. ZooKeys 440: 1-43. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.440.7803
Figure 1 - Map of the St Lucia estuarine lake, with position of main collection sites used in the study. Adapted from Peer et al. (2014).
Figure 3 from: Perissinotto R, Miranda N, Raw J, Peer N (2014) Biodiversity census of Lake St Lucia, iSimangaliso Wetland Park (South Africa): Gastropod molluscs. ZooKeys 440: 1-43. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.440.7803
Figure 3 - Assimineidae sp. (A) and Assiminea cf. capensis (B): thick layer of snails washed up on the shoreline of Lister's Point at False Bay in July 2012 (Photo: Nelson AF Miranda).
Figure 4 from: Perissinotto R, Miranda N, Raw J, Peer N (2014) Biodiversity census of Lake St Lucia, iSimangaliso Wetland Park (South Africa): Gastropod molluscs. ZooKeys 440: 1-43. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.440.7803
Figure 4 - Haminoea natalensis: Aggregation of egg masses spawned during September 2006 in the shallows of Catalina Bay, on the Eastern Shores of South Lake (Photo: Lynette Clennell).
Figure 2 from: Perissinotto R, Miranda N, Raw J, Peer N (2014) Biodiversity census of Lake St Lucia, iSimangaliso Wetland Park (South Africa): Gastropod molluscs. ZooKeys 440: 1-43. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.440.7803
Figure 2 - Records of gastropod species collected at Lake St Lucia in relation to changes in salinity, water levels and mouth state during the period 1960-present. Dark gray bar indicates closed mouth, light gray bar indicates intermittent connection with the ocean. No continuous physico-chemical measurements are available for the period prior to 1960. Species codes: Aaf: Afrolittorina africana; Api: Alaba pinnae; Ama: Aplexa marmorata; Aca: Assiminea cf. capensis; Afc: Assimineidae sp. ("Assiminea" aff. capensis); Bfo: Bulinus forskalii; Bna: Bulinus natalensis; Btr: Bulinus tropicus; Ble: Bursatella leachii; Cla: Cassidula labrella; Cde: Cerithidea decollata; Cdi: Cerithium dialeucum; Ehe: Ergalatax heptagonalis; Hna: Haminoea natalensis; Jsu: Jujubinus suarezensis; Lgl: Littoraria coccinea glabrata; Lin: Littoraria intermedia; Lpa: Littoraria pallescens; Lsc: Littoraria scabra; Lsu: Littoraria subvittata; Lna: Lymnaea natalensis; Mli: Melampus lividus; Mpa: Melampus parvulus; Mse: Melampus semiaratus; Mtu: Melanoides tuberculata; Mbr: Murex brevispinus; Nkr: Nassarius kraussianus; Nga: Neritina gagates; Nna: Neritina natalensis; Opa: Oxyloma patentissima; Par: Phalium areola; Pco: Pseudosuccinea columella; Phi: Pterotrachea cf. hippocampus; Pbu: Purpura bufo; Soc: Siphonaria oculus; Sst: Stylocheilus striatus; Tgr: Tarebia granifera.
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