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3,178 results for “biomass”
Long-term Plant Biomass Monitoring Data from the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER Project on Sapelo Island, Georgia
The Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER program (GCE) monitors plant biomass annually with the goal of testing the hypothesis that end-of-year biomass varies as a function of 1) freshwater discharge from the Altamaha River (especially in low-marsh plots), 2) local rainfall (especially in high-marsh plots), and 3) average sea level. In 2000 we created permanent plots at all 10 GCE marsh monitoring sites. Plots were established at creek-bank and mid-marsh sites (8 plots per zone per site). Most sites are dominated by Spartina alterniflora (smooth cordgrass), but zones at some sites are dominated by Juncus roemerianus, Spartina cynosuroides, or Zizaniopsis miliacea. An additional marsh zone (high marsh Juncus) was established at site 10 in 2005 and site 9 in 2012 to increase replication of sites with Juncus. Plants have been non-destructively monitored in October of every year from 2000 to the present, measuring the stem count, height and flowering status of every plant in each plot. Stem clipping samples were also collected adjacent to plots in 2002, 2007, and 2020, then measured, dried, weighed and statistically analyzed in order to generate allometric regression relationships between height and mass for estimation of plant biomass in corresponding plots. This data set includes cumulative long-term observations of plant stem count, height and biomass per marsh zone, plot and species at 10 GCE LTER sampling sites from 2000 to 2023, and will be updated annually to include the prior year observations.
Fall 2020 plant monitoring survey -- biomass calculated from shoot height and flowering status of plants in permanent plots at GCE sampling sites 1-10
The biomass of plants surveyed in permanent plots at 10 GCE LTER sampling sites in October 2019 was estimated based on allometric relationships between biomass and shoot height and flowering status derived for each site, zone, and species in October 2002 and October 2008. Biomass was calculated for dominant species, including Spartina alterniflora, S. cynosuroides, Juncus roemerianus, and Zizaniopsis miliacea, as well as rarer species including Scirpus spp, Panicum spp. And Typha angustifolia. This data set is based on GCE plant monitoring survey data set PLT-GCEM-2011a, and allometric relationships were based on GCE data sets PLT-GCEM-0211b, PLT-GCEM-0711, and PLT-GCEM-2011.
Long-term Plant Biomass Monitoring Data from Altamaha River Plant Transition Sites near the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER Project on Sapelo Island, Georgia
The Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER program (GCE) monitors plant biomass annually to measure the species and size distribution of plants at 3 sampling sites on the creekbank of the Altamaha River. The sites were chosen to capture the transition from Spartina alterniflora to Spartina cynosuroides (site SCSA) and the transition from Spartina cynosuroides to Zizaniopsis miliacea (sites ZSC1 and ZSC2). The quadrats were established as permanent plots in October 2012 by placing PVC stakes along the creekbank at each site. Plots were evenly spaced, but were not randomly located because the goal was to start with mixtures of vegetation in most of the plots, and vegetation was distributed in patches along the creekbanks. Therefore, these plots provide useful measures of vegetation change, but are not a random sample of the vegetation at the site. Plots will be replaced each year as necessary to replace any lost to disturbance. The plots were visually surveyed and the species, shoot height, and flowering status was recorded individually for each shoot over 10 cm in height present in each plot. Observations from plots exhibiting signs of disturbance were noted in a separate data set (PLT-GCEM-1801c). This data set includes cumulative long-term observations of plant stem count, height and biomass per plot and species at 3 Altamaha River transition sites from 2012 to 2023, and will be updated annually to include the prior year observations.
Fall 2021 plant monitoring survey -- biomass calculated from shoot height and flowering status of plants in permanent plots at GCE sampling sites 1-10
The biomass of plants surveyed in permanent plots at 10 GCE LTER sampling sites in October 2021 was estimated based on allometric relationships between biomass and shoot height and flowering status derived for each site, zone, and species in October 2002 and October 2008. Biomass was calculated for dominant species, including Spartina alterniflora, S. cynosuroides, Juncus roemerianus, and Zizaniopsis miliacea, as well as rarer species including Scirpus spp, Panicum spp. And Typha angustifolia. This data set is based on GCE plant monitoring survey data set PLT-GCEM-2111a, and allometric relationships were based on GCE data sets PLT-GCEM-0211b, PLT-GCEM-0711, and PLT-GCEM-2011.
Fall 2022 plant monitoring survey -- biomass calculated from shoot height and flowering status of plants in permanent plots at GCE sampling sites 1-10
The biomass of plants surveyed in permanent plots at 10 GCE LTER sampling sites in October 2022 was estimated based on allometric relationships between biomass and shoot height and flowering status derived for each site, zone, and species in October 2002 and October 2008. Biomass was calculated for dominant species, including Spartina alterniflora, S. cynosuroides, Juncus roemerianus, and Zizaniopsis miliacea, as well as rarer species including Scirpus spp, Panicum spp. And Typha angustifolia. This data set is based on GCE plant monitoring survey data set PLT-GCEM-2111a, and allometric relationships were based on GCE data sets PLT-GCEM-0211b, PLT-GCEM-0711, and PLT-GCEM-2011.
Fall 2023 plant monitoring survey -- biomass calculated from shoot height and flowering status of plants in permanent plots at GCE sampling sites 1-10
The biomass of plants surveyed in permanent plots at 10 GCE LTER sampling sites in October 2023 was estimated based on allometric relationships between biomass and shoot height and flowering status derived for each site, zone, and species in October 2002 and October 2008. Biomass was calculated for dominant species, including Spartina alterniflora, S. cynosuroides, Juncus roemerianus, and Zizaniopsis miliacea, as well as rarer species including Scirpus spp, Panicum spp. And Typha angustifolia. This data set is based on GCE plant monitoring survey data set PLT-GCEM-2111a, and allometric relationships were based on GCE data sets PLT-GCEM-0211b, PLT-GCEM-0711, and PLT-GCEM-2011.
Spartina alterniflora above- and belowground biomass predictions and inundation intensity as estimated by the Belowground Ecosystem Resiliency Model for U.S. Georgia marshes from 2014 to 2023.
We applied the Belowground Ecosystem Resiliency Model (BERM) to estimate monthly aboveground biomass (AGB) and belowground biomass (BGB) in U.S. Georgia Spartina alterniflora marshes from 2014 to 2023 at 30 m scale. This application involved BERM version 2.0 (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13306821), which was built using data in the PLT-GCET-2308 dataset (https://dx.doi.org/10.6073/pasta/4a0b715104849d98320fcc34e7cd63a4). Data sources for BERM application included Landsat-8/9, NOAA CO-OPS Station ID: 8670870, Daymet, and USGS 3DEP 2018 DEM. Download and processing steps are described in the BERM code and in metadata methods section. Specific descriptions of data processing are available in model code: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13306821. Data provided here include model output of AGB estimates, BGB estimates, and calculated inundation intensity. See "Data reporting" method in the metadata for description of data files. For logisitical purposes here we present only select data from the model input and output. All model input data sources as listed in the abstract are publicly available. Model calibration data and code are published as well. Additional predictions not published here include foliar chlorophyll, foliar nitrogen, and leaf area index.
Fall 2024 plant monitoring survey -- biomass calculated from shoot height and flowering status of plants in permanent plots at GCE sampling sites 1-10
The biomass of plants surveyed in permanent plots at 10 GCE LTER sampling sites in October 2024 was estimated based on allometric relationships between biomass and shoot height and flowering status derived for each site, zone, and species in October 2002 and October 2008. Biomass was calculated for dominant species, including Spartina alterniflora, S. cynosuroides, Juncus roemerianus, and Zizaniopsis miliacea, as well as rarer species including Scirpus spp, Panicum spp. And Typha angustifolia. This data set is based on GCE plant monitoring survey data set PLT-GCEM-2111a, and allometric relationships were based on GCE data sets PLT-GCEM-0211b, PLT-GCEM-0711, and PLT-GCEM-2011.
Zooplankton and macroinvertebrate size spectra, biomass, and community composition; and harvest of bigmouth buffalo and common carp in six shallow lakes in Iowa, USA (2018-2020)
This data product contains biological data collected within six shallow lakes in Iowa, USA between 2018 - 2020, where four lakes were undergoing targeted removals of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and bigmouth buffalo (Ictiobus cyprinellus). Parts of these data were a portion of Albright et al. 2022 (https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/1d3797fd573208bae6f78963479445a0), however the data herein include additional survey data from the Ambient Lake Monitoring network instituted through Iowa State University and the Iowa Department of Natural Resources (https://www.iowadnr.gov/environmental-protection/water-quality/water-monitoring/ambient-lake-monitoring#ambient-lake-monitoring-sampling-plan). Data are packaged and formatted specifically for size spectra analysis and compositional analysis.
Plant biomass dynamics following logging, burning, and thinning in Watersheds 6 and 7, Andrews Experimental Forest, 1979 to 2021
Watersheds 6 (WS06) and 7 (WS07) at the HJ Andrews are part of a three-watershed study initiated in the 1970’s to examine the response of hydrology and forest vegetation to logging. In 1974, Watershed 6 was clearcut logged; Watershed 7 was shelterwood cut, leaving 75-100 overstory trees per hectare (comprising about 40% of the original basal area). A nearby watershed (WS08) serves as an unlogged control. In 1975, all of Watershed 6 and the portion of WS07 below the road were broadcast-burned. In 1976, both watersheds were planted with Douglas-fir seedlings. Natural regeneration of Douglas-fir and western hemlock also established. In 1984, the remnant overstory trees in WS07 were harvested, and in 2001 the young stand in WS07 was thinned to about 550 trees per hectare. The thinning was not planned but provides an interesting twist to the study. The watersheds are located along the northern boundary of the HJA off the 327 and 328 roads, at elevations ranging from 850 to 1,160 m. Initial vegetation measurements were taken in the summer of 2002 in watersheds 6 and 7 for the purpose of characterizing plant succession after thinning in a small, high-elevation watershed. Understory vegetation plots are remeasured at approximately 6 year intervals.
Above ground plant biomass and leaf area of moist acidic tussock tundra 1981 experimental site (MAT81), Arctic LTER, Toolik Lake, Alaska.1995.
Above ground plant biomass and leaf area were measured in a tussock tundra experimental site. The plots were set up in 1981 and have been harvested in previous years (See Shaver and Chapin Ecological Monographs, 61, 1991 pp.1-31).
Lower Altamaha River Spartna alterniflora aboveground biomass estimates from Landsat 5 TM imagery
We used gap-filled monthly observations of Spartina alterniflora aboveground biomass derived from Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 satellite imagery from 1984-2018 to analyze temporal patterns in biomass in comparison to air temperature, precipitation, river discharge, nutrient input, sea level, and drought index for a southeastern US salt marsh. Satellite imagery data were downloaded from the USGS Earth Explorer data portal and initially processed with L3Harris Geospatial ENVI software. This database contains the estimates of above-ground Spartina alterniflora biomass within the freshwater tidal reach of the Altamaha River estuary on the Southeastern Atlantic coast of Georiga, USA. Work is ongoing to expand these data to cover the entire Georgia coast.
Belowground biomass measurements from the GCE-LTER Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment (SALTEx) Project
SALTEx (Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment) is a field experiment designed to simulate saltwater intrusion in a tidal freshwater wetland to predict how chronic (Press) and acute (Pulse) salinization will affect this and other tidal freshwater ecosystems. The SALTEx experiment was initiated in 2012 and consists of 31 field plots, each 2.5 m on a side. There are three treatments (Press, Pulse, and Fresh) and two types of controls (with and without sides), each consisting of six replicates. The Press treatment plots receive regular (4 times each week) additions of a mixture of seawater and fresh river water. Pulse plots receive the same mixture of seawater and river water during September and October, which is historically a time of low flow in the river when natural saltwater intrusion occurs. The Fresh treatment plots receive regular additions of fresh river water. Treatment water is added during low tide to facilitate its infiltration into the soil, and all plots are inundated by astronomical tides at high tide. Belowground biomass was sampled from in each plot in March 2017 after 3 years of dosing.
Litterfall, Biomass and Productivity in CRUI Land Use Project at Harvard Forest 1996-1997
Prior agricultural land use often plays an important role in the present condition of forests. This research was conducted to find any productivity differences among previously plowed, pastured, and woodlot sites. There are six sites, two from each of the land use types. With this research we wanted to estimate the productivity for each of the six stands and test the hypothesis that rates of annual aboveground biomass and annual litter fall in recovering forests would decline in the order woodlot - pastured - plowed. Twenty-five trees, of various diameters and species, were cored at each site. The cores were analyzed and the radial growth was calculated for the most recent 5 and 10 year intervals. Biomass increments were also calculated for the same time span using published allometric equations. Aboveground woody productivity was calculated for diameter classes within species and semi-log relationships of productivity per diameter were used to calculate the productivity of all trees in the stand that were not cored. Site-specific and species-specific equations were used. Litter fall was estimated by collecting litter from ten traps each in the six stands. Litter was sorted by species and reported on a dry matter basis. Red oaks and red maples were the major contributors of biomass and litter fall in all six of the stands, accounting for about seventy percent of the total aboveground biomass. Although woodlots had higher total biomass there was not a significant difference in productivity across the six sites. The range of productivity including both litter fall and aboveground woody production was from 7524-9014 Kg/ha. This fell into the range for temperate forests according to results published by the International Biological Program. Production per unit biomass was greater in the plowed stand and least in the woodlots.
Tree Growth and Above-Ground Biomass at Harvard Forest HEM and LPH Towers since 2001
Tree diameter (“dbh”) at 1.25 m above ground were recorded and stainless steel dendrometer bands for trees above 10 cm dbh were attached. Increases in tree diameter were calculated from increases in the distance between holes punched in the dendrometer bands. Tree diameters and diameter increases were used to estimate aboveground biomass and aboveground carbon storage in order to characterize the forest at the flux tower sites, and to quantify the amount of carbon being stored aboveground annually.
Impacts of Deer and Moose on Soil Carbon, Soil Respiration, and Root Biomass at Harvard Forest since 2017
Over the past decade, several deer and moose exclosures have been built at Harvard Forest to study the effect of ungulate browsing on tree regeneration, species diversity, and composition. We built on the existing infrastructure to study the impacts of deer and moose browsing on soil carbon stocks (soil C, root biomass) in regenerating forests.
Biomass Inventories at Harvard Forest EMS Tower since 1993
In 1993, we installed 40 circular, 10 m radius biometric plots in the footprint of the EMS tower on Prospect Hill. We randomly placed the plots within 100 m increments along ten 500 m transects that extend from the tower in the northwest and southwest directions. In 2001, we removed three plots (G3, H3, H4) from the datasets and ceased measurements there due to their inundation by a beaver pond. In 1999, we installed 6 additional circular, 10 m radius biometric plots on the Simes Lot, adjacent to Prospect Hill to study the effects of a selective harvest that occurred there in the winter of 2000-01. In the summer of 2001, we expanded the harvested plots in size to 15 m radius and ceased measurements at one plot (X4) because it was unaffected by the harvest. The harvest also affected three of the original tower plots (A4, A5, B5), which were expanded in size as a part of the harvest plot group. Consequently, there are 34 tower plots and 8 harvest plots. We have taken the following ecological measurements at each site: tree growth, woody debris, litter, leaf area increment (LAI), leaf chemistry, and soil respiration and moisture.
Biomass removal at the initiation of a biodiversity experiment at the Jornada Basin LTER site in 1995
This dataset contains data on vegetation biomass removed from treatment plots during the establishment of a biodiversity experiment at the Jornada Basin LTER site in southern New Mexico, USA. In fall of 1995, various combinations of plant functional groups or species were experimentally removed from 25 x 25 meter plots with the objective to distinguish the differential effects of plant community biomass, functional groups, and biodiversity within functional groups on ecosystem and plant community function. Eight different treatments were established with selective removal of species or functional groups: control (C, no removals); four functional group removal treatments (PG, perennial grass removed; S, shrubs removed; SSh, subshrubs removed; Succ, succulents removed), and three species richness manipulation treatments. Richness manipulations included a simplified treatment (Simp), where only the single most abundant species of each growth form is preserved and all other species in the growth form are removed, a reduced‐Larrea treatment (rL), where the Larrea is assumed to be the dominant and is removed while minority components remain, and a reduced-Prosopsis treatment (rP), where Prosopis rather than Larrea is removed as the shrub dominant. The amount of plant material removed during the establishment of these treatments was recorded for later use as covariate or measure of disturbance. Removed fresh material was weighed in the field by species, then converted to dry mass using a subset of removed plot vegetation that was oven-dried and weighed in the lab. Variables in this file summarize the dry mass of plants removed by growth form (functional group, i.e. shrub, subshrub, perennial grass, succulent), and by total live dry mass, for each plot in the biodiversity experiment. Also provided are masses of dead material collected from plots (same groups as live material removed for each treatment) and total dry mass, live plus dead. Species-level data are available upo
GLBRC Aboveground Plant Biomass at the Kellogg Biological Station, Hickory Corners MI (2008 to 2023), and the Arlington Research Station,Arlington, WI (2008 to 2014)
Dataset Abstract Aboveground biomass of BCSE herbaceous perennial crop treatments (G4 starting in 2021, G5-G7, G9-G10). Peak biomass samples were sorted to species from 2009-2017 but are left “unsorted” from 2018 onward. original data source http://lter.kbs.msu.edu/datasets/82
Lake Mendota, Wisconsin, USA, Zebra Mussel Density and Biomass 2016-2018
We sampled adult zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) in the benthos of Lake Mendota from 2016-2018 to track the growth of the population following its initial detection in fall 2015. We sampled along three transects inherited from Karatayev et al. (2013) at five different depths (1, 3, 5, 8, and 10 m) twice a summer (June and August) from 2016-2018. Because suitable zebra mussel substrate was limited at these sites, we also selected five 1 m depth, rocky sites (optimal zebra mussel sites) to track density and biomass where colonization was most intense. A pared-down version of this routine sampling continued from 2019 onward but is not included here. This dataset complements zoobenthos and phytobenthos data collected according to the same routine sampling structure, as well as larval zebra mussel (veliger) sampling for which data is also archived with EDI. Biomass data are modeled from lengths of up to 100 individuals that were measured in each sample. Those lengths were fed into Lake Mendota-specific length-to-weight power law equations parameterized by body size measurements (length, width, live weight, wet weight, dry weight, shell weight, shell-free weight, and ash-free dry weight) of 99 mussels collected at different sites across Lake Mendota in 2018.
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