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18 results for “biomass recovery”
Aboveground Biomass (AGB) in the Boreal Region: Dataset for Supporting Biomass Recovery Analysis
<p>This package supplements the following paper submitted to Nature: <strong>Biomass recovery carbon gains surpass fire losses over boreal forests during the last decades</strong>.<br>This dataset contains the Aboveground Biomass (AGB) map (unit: Mg/ha) for the boreal region in 2020 at ~100m resolution.</p><p>The global AGB dataset, upon which this regional subset is based, was initially developed by Yu et al. (2023). The preprint version of the corresponding AGB data paper has been made available online and can be accessed at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7583611">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7583611</a>. This paper is currently under peer review. The AGB map for the boreal region, as featured in our Nature submission, is provided here for reference and further research.</p><p> </p><p> </p>
Code and data for: Habitat and local factors influence fish biomass recovery in marine protected areas
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Functional composition of plant communities mediates biomass effects on ecosystem service recovery across an experimental dryland restoration network
<p>Land degradation can result in a loss of critical ecosystem services that we often seek to restore through re-establishment of desired plant communities. Trait-based approaches have the potential to target specific ecosystem services based on associations between the functional composition of plant communities and ecosystem properties that serve as indicators of those services. The effect of functional composition on ecosystem recovery may depend on the amount of restored plant biomass, itself a supporting service frequently targeted in restoration efforts. Yet, interactions between functional composition and biomass are not formally integrated into trait-based analytical frameworks. We tested the hypothesis that functional composition of plant communities both drives, and interacts with, biomass production to influence indicators of soil functioning and weed suppression across a network of degraded dryland restoration experiments. This networked approach allowed us to identify generalized effects of functional composition on ecosystem recovery across a range of dryland climate conditions. Climate had a substantial effect on ecosystem indicators, with weed cover and soil surface stability increasing in more arid climates, water infiltration increasing with precipitation, and aggregate structure increasing with less freezing. After accounting for climate effects across study sites, we found significant effects of community-weighted mean (CWM) trait values on biomass, particularly a positive effect of leaf carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, and of CWM-biomass interactions on other ecosystem indicators. Cover of exotic species was reduced in restored communities with a combination of low leaf dry matter content and high biomass, soil water infiltration increased with lower specific root length and high biomass, and soil aggregate stability increased with higher root dry matter content and high biomass, among other effects. Functional diversity had no significant effects on any ecosystem indicators. Synthesis: The influence of community functional composition on ecosystem properties increases with community biomass, particularly in disturbed or low productivity systems. This suggests that active management should not only focus on trait values that optimize individual ecosystem indicators, but also how those functional strategies are complementary or counter to those that increase biomass.</p>
Data from: Limited biomass recovery from gold mining in Amazonian forests
<ol> <li>Gold mining has rapidly increased across the Amazon Basin in recent years, especially in the Guiana shield, where it is responsible for >90% of total deforestation. However, the ability of forests to recover from gold mining activities remains largely unquantified. </li> <li>Forest inventory plots were installed on recently abandoned mines in two major mining regions in Guyana, and re-censused 18 months later, to provide the first ground-based quantification of gold mining impacts on Amazon forest biomass recovery. </li> <li>We found that woody biomass recovery rates on abandoned mining pits and tailing ponds are amongst the lowest ever recorded for tropical forests, with close to no woody biomass recovery after 3-4 years. </li> <li>On the overburden sites (i.e. areas not mined but where excavated soil is deposited), however, aboveground biomass recovery rates (0.4 - 3.5 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>) were within the range of those recorded in other secondary forests across the Neotropics following abandonment of pastures and agricultural lands. </li> <li>Our results suggest that forest recovery is more strongly limited by severe mining-induced depletion of soil nutrients, especially nitrogen, than by mercury contamination, due to slowing of growth in nutrient-stripped soils. </li> <li>We estimate that the slow recovery rates in mining pits and ponds currently reduce carbon sequestration across Amazonian secondary forests by ~21,000 t C yr<sup>-1</sup>, compared to the carbon that would have accumulated following more traditional land uses such as agriculture or pasture. </li> <li> <i>Synthesis and applications</i>. To achieve large-scale restoration targets, Guyana and other Amazonian countries will be challenged to remediate previously mined lands. The recovery process is highly dependent on nitrogen availability rather than mercury contamination, affecting woody biomass regrowth. The significant recovery in overburden zones indicates that one potential active remediation strategy to promote biomass recovery may be to back-fill mining pits and ponds with excavated soil. </li> </ol>
Landslide age, elevation and residual vegetation determine tropical montane forest canopy recovery and biomass accumulation after landslide disturbances in the Peruvian Andes
<p>Landslides are common natural disturbances in tropical montane forests. While the geomorphic drivers of landslides in the Andes have been studied, factors controlling post-landslide forest recovery across the steep climatic and topographic gradients characteristic of tropical mountains are poorly understood.</p> <p>Here we use a LiDAR-derived canopy height map coupled with a 25-year landslide time series map to examine how landslide, topographic, and biophysical factors, along with residual vegetation, affect canopy height and heterogeneity in regenerating landslides. We also calculate aboveground biomass accumulation rates and estimate the time for landslides to recover to mature forest biomass levels.</p> <p>We find that age and elevation are the biggest determinants of forest recovery, and that the jump-start in regeneration that residual vegetation provides lasts for at least 18 years. Our estimates of time to biomass recovery (31.6-37.1 years) are surprisingly rapid, and as a result we recommend that future research pair LiDAR with hyperspectral imagery to estimate forest aboveground biomass in frequently disturbed landscapes.</p> <p>Synthesis: Using a high-resolution LiDAR dataset and a time-series inventory of 608 landslides distributed across a wide elevational gradient in Andean montane forest, we show that age and elevation are the most influential predictors of forest canopy height and canopy variability. Other features of landslides, in particular the presence of residual vegetation, shape post-landslide regeneration trajectories. LiDAR allows for a detailed analysis of forest structural recovery across large landscapes and numbers of disturbances, and provides a reasonable upper bound on aboveground biomass accumulation rates. However, because this method does not capture the effect of compositional change through succession on aboveground biomass, wherein high-wood density species gradually replace light-wooded pioneer species, it overestimates aboveground biomass. Given previously estimated stem turnover rates along this elevational gradient, we posit that aboveground biomass recovery takes at least three times as long as our recovery time estimates based on LiDAR-derived structure alone.</p>
Vertebrate diversity and biomass along a recovery gradient in a lowland tropical forest
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Data from: Limited biomass recovery from gold mining in Amazonian forests
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Functional composition of plant communities mediates biomass effects on ecosystem service recovery across an experimental dryland restoration network
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Landslide age, elevation and residual vegetation determine tropical montane forest canopy recovery and biomass accumulation after landslide disturbances in the Peruvian Andes
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Plant aboveground biomass data: Nitrogen Addition and Dynamics of Recovery from Cessation of N Addition
This experiment was established on top of E002 in fields A and C. In the spring of 1992, 3 randomly chosen replicates of each nutrient treatment of experiment E002 were chosen to receive no more fertilizer. For a description of these plots, see E002. For a description of fertilizer added to E097, see file fertilization details. For a list of treatments, see the treatment layouts in file trmte97.
Root biomass data: Nitrogen Addition and Dynamics of Recovery from Cessation of N Addition
This experiment was established on top of E002 in fields A and C. In the spring of 1992, 3 randomly chosen replicates of each nutrient treatment of experiment E002 were chosen to receive no more fertilizer. For a description of these plots, see E002. For a description of fertilizer added to E097, see file fertilization details. For a list of treatments, see the treatment layouts in file trmte97.
Data from: Disturbance intensity is a stronger driver of biomass recovery than remaining tree-community attributes in a managed Amazonian forest
1.Forest recovery following management interventions is important to maintain ecosystem functioning and the provision of ecosystem services. It remains, however, largely unclear how aboveground biomass (AGB) recovery of species-rich tropical forests is affected by disturbance intensity and post-disturbance (remaining) tree-community attributes, following logging and thinning interventions. 2.We investigated whether annual AGB increment (∆AGB) decreases with management-related disturbance intensity (disturbance hypothesis), and increases with the diversity (niche-complementarity hypothesis) and the community-weighted mean (CWM) of acquisitive traits of dominant species (biomass-ratio hypothesis) in the remaining tree community. 3.We analysed data from a long-term forest-management experiment in the Brazilian Amazon over two recovery periods: post-logging (1983-1989) and post-thinning (1995-2012). We computed the ∆AGB of surviving trees, recruit trees and of the total tree community. Disturbance intensity was quantified as basal area reduction and basal area remaining. Remaining diversity (taxonomic, functional and structural) and CWM of five functional traits linked to biomass productivity (specific leaf area, leaf nitrogen and phosphorous concentration, leaf toughness and wood density) were calculated for the post-intervention inventories. Predictors were related to response variables using multiple linear regressions and structural equation modelling. 4.We found support for the disturbance hypothesis in both recovery periods. AGB increment of survivors and of the total tree community increased with basal area remaining, indicating the importance of remaining growing stock for biomass recovery. Conversely, AGB increment of recruit trees increased with basal area reduction because changes in forest structure increased resource availability for young trees. We did not find consistent support for the niche-complementarity and biomass-ratio hypotheses, possibly because of a high redundancy in these extremely species-rich forests. 5.Synthesis and applications. The intensity of disturbance through management, expressed as basal area reduction and basal area remaining, was consistently more important for explaining forest biomass recovery following harvesting and thinning than remaining diversity or trait composition. This points to the importance of controlling logging and thinning intensity in forests of the eastern Amazon. Low to moderate harvesting intensities permitted by the current legislation for the Brazilian Amazon (30 m³ ha−1) will likely not impair biomass recovery in these forests.
Synthetic natural gas (SNG) production with higher carbon recovery from biomass: Techno-economic assessment
<p>Dataset for the paper: Synthetic natural gas (SNG) production with higher carbon recovery from biomass: Techno-economic assessment</p>
Data from: Disturbance intensity is a stronger driver of biomass recovery than remaining tree-community attributes in a managed Amazonian forest
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Effect of recovery period of mixture pasture on cattle behaviour, pasture biomass production, and pasture nutritional value
<p>This document provides the brief description of the statistical analysis for the research article entitled “Effect of recovery period of mixture pasture on cattle behaviour, pasture biomass production, and pasture nutritional value” published at Animal: An International Journal of Animal Bioscience. The study was designed to evaluate three different recovery periods of mixed grasses on the grazing behaviour of heifers, as well as herbage selectivity, herbage yield and nutritional value, <em>in vitro </em>degradability, and<em> </em>CH<sub>4</sub> production. The three pasture recovery periods (RP) of 24, 35 and 46 days were evaluated in six blocks using a randomized block design. At each predetermined recovery period, samples of the pasture were taken before the animals were allowed to graze using the square method. Right after collecting the pasture samples, a group, out of three, of six heifers accessed the pasture during four consecutive hours for grazing simulation and behavioural observations. The three groups of heifers were scheduled to be used in accordance with a systematic distribution and the pre-determined RP. The groups went through all the blocks according to the RP and the 3x3 double Latin Square design. A sample scan from each animal was taken every 10 min for behavioural observations and grazing simulations was taken through the hand-plucking technique. The bite rate of each animal was also measured five times each hour for 30 seconds each, and then one value per group was calculated. Statistical analyses were performed in R Core Team (2018). Additional information is provided in the paper “Effect of recovery period of mixture pasture on cattle behaviour, pasture biomass production, and pasture nutritional value”.</p>
Reduction in biomass of freshwater arctic vegetation by foraging and nesting hyperabundant herbivores shows recovery
Arctic-nesting geese are specialist herbivores of grasses and sedges (collectively, graminoids). Under moderate grazing pressure, these migratory herbivores can create and maintain arctic grazing lawns with high nutritional content and low aboveground biomass. Nutrient and energy subsidies from southern agricultural landscapes during winter have improved survival among populations of Ross's (Anser rossii) and lesser snow geese (Anser caerulescens caerulescens), leading to marked population growth. Resulting goose hyperabundance has raised conservation concern for resilience of arctic ecosystems to withstand cumulative and intense pressures of herbivory and nest construction. We used both design-based (experimental herbivore exclosures) and model-based methods to investigate changes to plant community structure in direct response to foraging and nesting by these species within the Queen Maud Gulf (Ahiak) Migratory Bird Sanctuary, Nunavut, Canada. Annual nest construction and foraging by up to ~1.3 million geese at a large colony at Karrak Lake markedly reduced aboveground biomass of forage (graminoids) and non-forage (foliose and fruticose lichens) vegetation, with spatial variation in reduction associated with intensity of use by geese. Within vast brood-rearing regions, foraging reduced above- and belowground plant biomass of lowland plant communities by 61% and 29%, respectively, between 1994 (when herbivore exclosures were established) and 2017. In addition to landscape diversity associated with abiotic properties created by geomorphic processes, long-term herbivory by geese further increased spatial heterogeneity in vegetation at the landscape scale. Although foraging geese nearly completely depleted aboveground plant biomass in some parts of their brood-rearing areas, belowground biomass was largely conserved, and thus, plant communities had strong potential for aboveground regeneration. We propose that effects of high-density nesting and foraging by Ross's and lesser snow geese in the central Canadian Arctic, while extensive, are ephemeral and prone to reversion following cessation of grazing and nesting pressure, such as that afforded by shifts in herbivore distribution or local population decline.
Data from: Tropical forest restoration: fast resilience of plant biomass contrasts with slow recovery of stable soil C stocks
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Reduction in biomass of freshwater arctic vegetation by foraging and nesting hyperabundant herbivores shows recovery
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.