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24 results for “bitter taste”
Lowered sensitivity of bitter taste receptors to β-glucosides in bamboo lemurs: An instance of parallel and adaptive functional decline in TAS2R16?
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Data from: Predators' consumption of unpalatable prey does not vary as a function of bitter taste perception
<p>Many prey species contain defensive chemicals that are described as tasting bitter. Bitter taste perception is therefore assumed to be important when predators are learning about prey defenses. However, it is not known how individuals differ in their response to bitter taste, and how this influences their foraging decisions. We conducted taste perception assays in which wild-caught great tits (<i>Parus major</i>) were given water with increasing concentrations of bitter-tasting chloroquine diphosphate until they showed an aversive response to bitter taste. This response threshold was found to vary considerably among individuals, ranging from chloroquine concentrations of 0.01 mmol/l to 8 mmol/l. We next investigated whether the response threshold influenced the consumption of defended prey during avoidance learning by presenting birds with novel palatable and defended prey in a random sequence until they refused to attack defended prey. We predicted that individuals with taste response thresholds at lower concentrations would consume fewer defended prey before rejecting them, but found that the response threshold had no effect on birds' food choices. Instead, willingness to consume defended prey was influenced by birds' body condition. This effect was age and sex dependent, with adult males attacking more defended prey when their body condition was poor, whereas body condition did not have an effect on the foraging choices of juveniles and females. Together, our results suggest that even though taste perception might be important for recognizing prey toxicity, other factors, such as predators' energetic state, drive the decisions to consume chemically defended prey.</p>
Bitter taste receptor genes of primates
<p><span>Bitter taste perception plays a critical role in deterring animals from consuming harmful and toxic substances. To characterize the evolution of primate <em>Tas2r</em>s and test whether dietary preference has shaped the <em>Tas2r</em>s repertoire of primates, we identified <em>Tas2r</em> genes of 35 genomes including 16 Cercopithecidae species, 6 Hominidae species, 4 Cebidae species, 3 Lemuridae species, and other 6 species. The results showed that the total numbers of primates' <em>Tas2r</em>s ranged from 27 to 51, which concentrated on 2–4 scaffolds of each species and the closely related genes tandemly duplicated in the same scaffold. Phylogenetic construction revealed that the <em>Tas2r</em> genes can be divided into 21 clades, among which, anthropoid-specific clades, Prosimii-specific clade, clades with multiple gene copies, or even Cercopithecidea-specific <em>Tas2r</em>s were detected. In addition, phylogenetically independent contrast (PIC) analysis revealed that the number of intact <em>Tas2r</em>s was significantly correlated with feeding preferences. Altogether, our data supported diet as a driving force of primate <em>Tas2r</em>s evolution, and Cercopithecidae species have developed some specific <em>Tas2r</em>s during the evolutionary process. These results are probably because most Cercopithecidae species feed on plants containing many toxins, and it is necessary to develop specialized <em>Tas2r</em>s to protect them from poisoning.</span></p>
Administration of a Bitter-Tasting Medication: Comparison Between the Rx Medibottle and the Oral Syringe
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00634374. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Bitter Taste and Weight Loss in Women
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01856660. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Efficacy of Bitter Blockers on Taste Perception in Children and Adults
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01407939. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Allele-specific Expression of a Bitter Taste Receptor
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02766959. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 19.
Data from: Age-related differences in bitter taste and efficacy of bitter blockers
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Data from: Predators’ consumption of unpalatable prey does not vary as a function of bitter taste perception
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Bitter taste receptor genes of primates
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Quantitative Evaluation of Bitter Taste in Obesity
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03149666. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 0. Publications: 5.
The Effect of Bitter Taste Receptor Agonists on The Gastrointestinal Tract, Hunger and Food Intake
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02759926. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 0. Publications: 1.
Data from: Functional characterization of the TAS2R38 bitter taste receptor for phenylthiocarbamide in colobine monkeys
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Data from: A natural point mutation in the bitter taste receptor TAS2R16 causes inverse agonism of arbutin in lemur gustation
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Inflammation induces bitter taste oversensitization via epigenetic changes in Tas2r gene clusters
GEO Series GSE213404. Mus musculus. 2 samples. Type: Genome binding/occupancy profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Human intestinal bitter taste receptors regulate innate immune responses and metabolic regulators in obesity
GEO Series GSE186509. Homo sapiens. 48 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Genetics of Bitter and Fat Taste
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04038281. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Using Bitter Taste Receptor Blockers to Improve the Palatability of Pediatric Medicines
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06929455. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Bitter Taste Receptors in Oropharynx Cancer
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05211427. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Bitter taste cells in the ventricular walls of the murine brain regulate glucose homeostasis
GEO Series GSE226066. Mus musculus. 14 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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