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13 results for “bowerbird”
Figure 3 in Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains' only endemic bird species?
Figure 3. Terrain map of north-east New Guinea. Areas above 500 m are coloured grey; areas between 300 and 500 m blue; and areas below 300 m green. 1 = the Gogol River valley, between the Adelbert Mts. to the north and the Finisterre Mts. of the Huon Peninsula to the south. 2 = the Ramu River valley, between the Adelberts to the north-east and the Central Range to the south-west. 3 = the upper Ramu River valley and its headwaters, between the Finisterre Mts. of the Huon Peninsula to the north and the Central Range to the south. 4 = the Sepik River basin, between the Adelbert Mts. to the east and Prince Alexander Mts. of the North Coastal Range to the west. Map kindly produced by Iain Woxvold.
Figure 2 in Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains' only endemic bird species?
Figure 2. Presence and absence of Sericulus bowerbirdsȱonȱNewȱGuinea'sȱnorthernȱwatershed,ȱmodifiedȱfromȱ Diamondȱ(1969).ȱEachȱfilledȱdotȱrepresentsȱrecordsȱbyȱoneȱobserver.ȱThereȱareȱonlyȱsevenȱdocumentedȱareasȱ of occurrence of the allospecies Masked Bowerbird S. aureus, numbered from west to east, with observer names in parentheses: 1 = Tamrau Mts. (E. T. Gilliard and B. M. Beehler) and Arfak Mts. (many observers) of the Vogelkop. 2 = Wandammen Mts. (E. Mayr). 3 = Weyland Mts. (F. Shaw-Mayer). 4 = Bernhard Camp (A. Rand). 5 = Foja Mts. (B. M. Beehler and J. Diamond). 6 = Mt. Nibo (J. Diamond). 7 = Mt. Turu (J. Diamond). The asterisk depicts the range of the allospecies Fire-maned Bowerbird S. bakeri in the Adelberts. X = areas surveyedȱintensivelyȱwithoutȱfindingȱanyȱSericulus.? = an undocumented report of S. aureus from the Jimi River.ȱExceptȱforȱtheȱlatter,ȱS. aureus is known mainly from outlying ranges (locations 1, 2, 5, 6 and 7). There are only two documented localities for it in the Central Range (3–4), and there is a large gap between the easternmost record of S. aureus (7) and the range of S. bakeri. The remaining Sericulus allospecies in New Guinea is Flame Bowerbird S. ardens of the southern watershed.
Figure 1 in Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains' only endemic bird species?
Figure 1. New Guinea's principal mountain ranges: the Central Range forming New Guinea's backbone; and the ten outlying ranges along the north and north-west coasts, from Huon and Adelbert in the east, to Fakfak and Kumawa in the west.
Data from: Parallel evolution of bower-building behavior in two groups of bowerbirds suggested by phylogenomics
<p>The bowerbirds in New Guinea and Australia include species that build the largest and perhaps most elaborately decorated constructions outside of humans. The males use these courtship bowers, along with their displays, to attract females. In these species, the mating system is polygynous and the females alone incubate and feed the nestlings. The bowerbirds also include 10 species of the socially monogamous catbirds in which the male participates in most aspects of raising the young. How the bower-building behavior evolved has remained poorly understood, as no comprehensive phylogeny exists for the family. It has been assumed that the monogamous catbird clade is sister to all polygynous species. We here test this hypothesis using a newly developed pipeline for obtaining homologous alignments of thousands of exonic and intronic regions from genomic data to build a phylogeny. Our well-supported species tree shows that the polygynous, bower-building species are not monophyletic. The result suggests either that bower-building behavior is an ancestral condition in the family that was secondarily lost in the catbirds, or that it has arisen in parallel in two lineages of bowerbirds. We favor the latter hypothesis based on an ancestral character reconstruction showing that polygyny but not bower-building is ancestral in bowerbirds, and on the observation that <em>Scenopoeetes dentirostris</em>, the sister species to one of the bower-building clades, does not build a proper bower but constructs a court for male display. This species is also sexually monomorphic in plumage despite having a polygynous mating system. We argue that the relatively stable tropical and subtropical forest environment in combination with low predator pressure and rich food access (mostly fruit) facilitated the evolution of these unique life-history traits. </p>
Data from: Parallel evolution of bower-building behavior in two groups of bowerbirds suggested by phylogenomics
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Data from: Visual effects in great bowerbird sexual displays and their implications for signal design
It is often assumed that the primary purpose of a male's sexual display is to provide information about quality, or to strongly stimulate prospective mates, but other functions of courtship displays have been relatively neglected. Male great bowerbirds (Ptilonorhynchus nuchalis) construct bowers that exploit the female's predictable field of view (FOV) during courtship displays by creating forced perspective illusions, and the quality of illusion is a good predictor of mating success. Here, we present and discuss two additional components of male courtship displays that use the female's predetermined viewpoint: (i) the rapid and diverse flashing of coloured objects within her FOV and (ii) chromatic adaptation of the female's eyes that alters her perception of the colour of the displayed objects. Neither is directly related to mating success, but both are likely to increase signal efficacy, and may also be associated with attracting and holding the female's attention. Signal efficacy is constrained by trade-offs between the signal components; there are both positive and negative interactions within multicomponent signals. Important signal components may have a threshold effect on fitness rather than the often assumed linear relationship.
FIGURES 11–13. Male dorsal anterior plates and hyaline margins. 11, Paraphilopterus knutieae n in Two new species of Paraphilopterus Mey, 2004 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from New Guinean bowerbirds (Passeriformes: Ptilonorhynchidae) and satinbirds (Passeriformes: Cnemophilidae)
FIGURES 11–13. Male dorsal anterior plates and hyaline margins. 11, Paraphilopterus knutieae n. sp. ex Amblyornis macgregoriae nubicola. 12, P. knutieae n. sp. ex Archboldia sanfordi. 13, Paraphilopterus meyi n. sp. ex Cnemophilus macgregorii macgregorii. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.
FIGURES 9–10 in Two new species of Paraphilopterus Mey, 2004 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from New Guinean bowerbirds (Passeriformes: Ptilonorhynchidae) and satinbirds (Passeriformes: Cnemophilidae)
FIGURES 9–10. Female terminalia, dorsal and ventral views. 9, Paraphilopterus knutieae n. sp. ex Amblyornis macgregoriae nubicola; 9a, dorsal lateral setae of tergite IX+X of P. knutieae ex Archboldia sanfordi (9b). 10, P. meyi n. sp. Scale bars = 0.5 mm. Notes: Subgenital plates are poorly sclerotized and delimited in both species, and included here only approximately. Arrows indicate shorter dorso-lateral seta on segments IX+X. The letters a, b, and c indicate the three setae on each pseudostylus.
FIGURES 5–8. Paraphilopterus meyi n in Two new species of Paraphilopterus Mey, 2004 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from New Guinean bowerbirds (Passeriformes: Ptilonorhynchidae) and satinbirds (Passeriformes: Cnemophilidae)
FIGURES 5–8. Paraphilopterus meyi n. sp. ex Cnemophilus macgregorii macgregorii. 5, male head, dorsal and ventral views (pulvinus omitted for clarity); scale bar = 0.1 mm. 6, male genitalia, dorsal view; scale bar = 0.1 mm. 7, male thorax and abdomen, dorsal and ventral views (distal leg segments omitted); scale bar = 0.5 mm. 8, female thorax and abdomen (distal leg segments omitted); scale bar = 0.5 mm.
FIGURES 1–4. Paraphilopterus knutieae n in Two new species of Paraphilopterus Mey, 2004 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from New Guinean bowerbirds (Passeriformes: Ptilonorhynchidae) and satinbirds (Passeriformes: Cnemophilidae)
FIGURES 1–4. Paraphilopterus knutieae n. sp. ex Amblyornis macgregoriae nubicola. 1, male head, dorsal and ventral views (pulvinus omitted for clarity); scale bar = 0.1 mm. 2, male genitalia, dorsal view; scale bar = 0.1 mm. 3, male thorax and abdomen, dorsal and ventral views (distal leg segments omitted); scale bar = 0.5 mm. 4, female thorax and abdomen, dorsal and ventral views (distal leg segments omitted). Note: Arrow denotes gap in pteronotal row of setae. Abbreviations: ADS = anterior dorsal seta; AS1–3 = anterior setae 1–3; AVS1–3 = anterior ventral setae 1–3; DSMS = dorsal submarginal seta; MDS = mandibular seta; MTS1–5: marginal temporal setae 1–5; OS = ocular seta; PAS = preantennal seta; PCS = preconal setae; POS = postocular seta; VSMS1–2 = ventral submarginal setae 1–2. Dorsal sensilla not named, and variable between individuals.
Sound spectra from study of Great Bowerbird bower male sound arrival in bower avenue
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Data from: Visual effects in great bowerbird sexual displays and their implications for signal design
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Male (left) and female Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri, the endemic bowerbird of the Adelbert Mountains (William Cooper, reproduced from Cooper & Forshaw 1977, with the kind permission of Dr Wendy Cooper) in Avifauna of the Adelbert Mountains, New Guinea: why is Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri the mountains' only endemic bird species?
Male (left) and female Fire-maned Bowerbird Sericulus bakeri, the endemic bowerbird of the Adelbert Mountains (William Cooper, reproduced from Cooper & Forshaw 1977, with the kind permission of Dr Wendy Cooper)
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