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28 results for “carbon addition”
Methane and carbon dioxide flux in a tidal freshwater marsh recovering from three years of experimental seawater additions and following the Hurricane Irma storm surge
Methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) flux rates were measured in a tidal freshwater marsh using static flux chambers. The experimental field site, SALTEx (Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment) is part of the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems (GCE) LTER and is located on the Altamaha River, GA. The marsh was experimentally dosed with brackish water additions for 3 years, from 2014 – 2017. There are three treatments groups (Press, Pulse, and Fresh) and two control groups (with and without siding on the plots), each with six replicates. Press treatment plots received brackish water throughout the year, Pulse plots received brackish water in September and October and fresh water the rest of the year, Fresh plots received fresh river water throughout the year. The two control groups, one with siding on the plots and one without, received no water addition manipulations. All dosing ceased in January 2018, at which point we began to study the recovery of the marsh. In this study, the Hurricane Irma Rapid Grant evaluated additional effects of the Hurricane Irma storm surge that occurred in October 2017. Greenhouse gas measurements were taken seasonally beginning in March 2018 and ending in March 2019.
Data from: Efficacy of labile carbon addition to reduce fast-growing, invasive non-native plants: A review and meta-analysis
<p>Data and analysis in R for the publication "Efficacy of labile carbon addition to reduce fast-growing, invasive non-native plants: A review and meta-analysis" by Ossanna & Gornish (2023), <em>Journal of Applied Ecology</em>, <em>60</em>(2), 218-228. <a href="http://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.14324">https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.14324</a>.</p>
Stable isotope and conservative tracer data used to estimate uptake of stream water dissolved organic carbon (DOC) through a whole-stream addition of a ¹³C-DOC tracer coupled with laboratory measurements of bioavailability of the tracer and stream water DOC using lability profiling with bioreactors
We performed a whole-stream addition of a ¹³C-DOC tracer and made laboratory measurements of the biological availability of the tracer as well as stream water DOC. The study was performed in October 2002 in a 1.27 km stretch of the third-order White Clay Creek in southeastern Pennsylvania. The tracer was prepared as a cold-water leachate of ¹³C-labeled tulip poplar saplings and it was added to the stream along with sodium bromide, a conservative tracer, over a 2-h period. Stream water samples were collected at 8 downstream stations over an 8-h period, filtered, and analyzed for concentrations of bromide and DOC. DOC was measured by Pt-catalyzed, persulfate oxidation, Br- was analyzed by ion chromatography, and C isotope samples were rotary evaporated, acidified, lyophilized, combusted, and the CO₂ analyzed with an elemental analyzer interfaced with an isotope ratio mass spectrometer. Lability profiling of the ¹³C-DOC tracer and stream water DOC were performed with a series of plug-flow bioreactors of increasing empty-bed contact times with the concentration of biodegradable DOC operationally defined as the difference between the DOC concentrations in the influent and effluent waters of the bioreactors. The bioreactor measurements were performed 2 days after the whole-stream release. Data were analyzed to estimate the uptake of stream water DOC associated with labile and semi-labile fraction of biodegradable DOC. These data have been previously used in a 2008 publication in Freshwater Biology, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2427.2007.01941.x.
РИС. 8. Примеры проблем с иЗображением при работе на СЭМ. А, В. Засветка раЗличных частей раковин глохидиев (А. Anodonta anatina (=Colletopterum), оЗ. Красное, ХакасиЯ. В. Inversiunio reinianus, оЗ. Бива, о-в Хонсю, ЯпониЯ). C. РаЗнаЯ скорость сканированиЯ (слева – очень быстраЯ, справа – медленнаЯ) наружной поверхности глохидиЯ (Anodonta cygnea, р. Ялма, МосковскаЯ обл.). D. Артефакты в виде гориЗонтальных полос вследствие накоплениЯ отрицательного ЗарЯда при недостаточном напылении внутренней поверхности глохидиЯ (Nodularia douglasiae, ПетровскаЯ протока, бассейн р. Амур, Хабаровский кр.). МасШтаб 50 мкм (А, В), 2 мкм (С), 5 мкм (D). Микроскопы Zeiss EVO 40 (А, С, D), Zeiss MERLIN (В), напыление углеродом (А, С), хромом (В, D). FIG. 8. Illustration of different problems with SEM images. A, B. Overall illumination of some glochidia shells parts (A. Anodonta anatina (= Colletopterum), Krasnoe Lake, Khakassia. B. Inversiunio reinianus, Biwa Lake, Honshu Island, Japan). C. Different scanning speed (faster on the left and slower on the right) of the exterior glochidia valve (Anodonta cygnea, Yalma River, Moscow Oblast). D. Artifacts as horizontal stripes because of additional accumulation of a negative charge due to insufficient coating of the interior glochidia valve (Nodularia douglasiae, Petrovskaya channel, Amur River basin, Khabarovsk Krai). Scale bars 50 μm (A, B), 2 μm (C), 5 μm (D). Zeiss EVO 40 (A, C, D) and Zeiss MERLIN (B) microscopes, sputter coating with carbon (A, C) and chromium (B, D). in Методика подготовки раковин глохидиев (Bivalvia, Unionidae) длЯ работы на сканируюЩем Электронном микроскопе
РИС. 8. Примеры проблем с иЗображением при работе на СЭМ. А, В. Засветка раЗличных частей раковин глохидиев (А. Anodonta anatina (=Colletopterum), оЗ. Красное, ХакасиЯ. В. Inversiunio reinianus, оЗ. Бива, о-в Хонсю, ЯпониЯ). C. РаЗнаЯ скорость сканированиЯ (слева – очень быстраЯ, справа – медленнаЯ) наружной поверхности глохидиЯ (Anodonta cygnea, р. Ялма, МосковскаЯ обл.). D. Артефакты в виде гориЗонтальных полос вследствие накоплениЯ отрицательного ЗарЯда при недостаточном напылении внутренней поверхности глохидиЯ (Nodularia douglasiae, ПетровскаЯ протока, бассейн р. Амур, Хабаровский кр.). МасШтаб 50 мкм (А, В), 2 мкм (С), 5 мкм (D). Микроскопы Zeiss EVO 40 (А, С, D), Zeiss MERLIN (В), напыление углеродом (А, С), хромом (В, D). FIG. 8. Illustration of different problems with SEM images. A, B. Overall illumination of some glochidia shells parts (A. Anodonta anatina (= Colletopterum), Krasnoe Lake, Khakassia. B. Inversiunio reinianus, Biwa Lake, Honshu Island, Japan). C. Different scanning speed (faster on the left and slower on the right) of the exterior glochidia valve (Anodonta cygnea, Yalma River, Moscow Oblast). D. Artifacts as horizontal stripes because of additional accumulation of a negative charge due to insufficient coating of the interior glochidia valve (Nodularia douglasiae, Petrovskaya channel, Amur River basin, Khabarovsk Krai). Scale bars 50 μm (A, B), 2 μm (C), 5 μm (D). Zeiss EVO 40 (A, C, D) and Zeiss MERLIN (B) microscopes, sputter coating with carbon (A, C) and chromium (B, D).
Dataset for the article 'Estimating countries' additional carbon accountability for closing the mitigation gap based on past and future emissions'.
<p>Dataset for the article 'Estimating countries’ additional carbon accountability for closing the mitigation gap based on past and future emissions', published in Nature Communications. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54039-x">10.1038/s41467-024-54039-x</a></p> <p>TablesInManuscriptandCalculations.xlsx includes a calculations sheet where the main results can be estimated using only Excel, and each respective table found in the article.</p> <p>PlannedEmissions.xlsx includes estimated pathways for all analyzed countries during 2023-2070. Results are given in million tonnes of carbon dioxide (MtCO₂).</p> <p>DataForSensitivityAnalysis.xlsx is a full database with all the results used in the article, both the main approach and sensitivity cases.</p> <p>These files are generated using R-code available at:</p> <p><a href="https://github.com/morfeldt/AdditionalCarbonAccountability">https://github.com/morfeldt/AdditionalCarbonAccountability</a></p> <p> </p>
Grazing-N addition interactions drive soil carbon priming and balance via bacterial assimilation in a meadow steppe
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Using remote sensing to quantify the additional climate benefits of California forest carbon offset projects
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Impacts of nutrient addition on soil carbon and nitrogen stoichiometry and stability in globally-distributed grasslands
Global changes will modify future nutrient availability with implications for grassland biogeochemistry. Soil organic matter (SOM) is central to grasslands for both provision of nutrients and climate mitigation through carbon (C) storage. While we know that C and nitrogen (N) in SOM can be influenced by greater nutrient availability, we lack understanding of nutrient effects on C and N coupling and stability in soil. Different SOM fractions have different functional relevance and mean residence times, i.e., mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) has a higher mean residence time than particulate organic matter (POM). By separating effects of nutrient supply on the different SOM fractions, we can better evaluate changes in soil C and N coupling and stability and associated mechanisms. To this end, we studied responses of C and N ratios and distributions across POM and MAOM to 6-10 years of N, phosphorus (P), potassium and micronutrients (K+µ), and combined NPK+µ additions at 11 grassland sites spanning 3 continents and globally relevant environmental gradients in climate, plant growth, soil texture, and nutrient availability. Data associated with this study are provided here.
Long-term changes in tundra carbon balance following wildfire, climate change and potential nutrient addition, a modeling analysis.
A study investigating the mechanisms that control long-term response of tussock tundra to fire and to increases in air temperature, CO2, nitrogen deposition and phosphorus weathering. The MBL MEL was used to simulate the recovery of three types of tussock tundra, unburned, moderately burned, and severely burned in response to changes in climate and nutrient additions. The simulations indicate that the recovery of nutrients lost during wildfire is difficult under a warming climate because warming increases nutrient cycles and subsequently leaching within the ecosystem. The study was published in Ecological Applications (in press, 2016). This dataset is the long term archive of the results published in the paper. The full dataset has been broken into two parts because of the number and size of the files. Part 1 contains MBL MEL executable, a model description file in word, and the input files to run the simulations. Part 2 contains the output files for all simulations. Both Part 1 and Part 2 contain several different types of files. In Part 1 the comma separated ascii file included with the dataset is one of the many driver files used for the simulations. The variable descriptions below describe the variables in that file and all the driver files. In Part 2 the comma separated ascii file included with the dataset is one of the many output files from the simulations. The variable descriptions below describe the variables in that file and all the output files. To access all the files in the dataset be sure to download the two zip files described in the Methods section below. Note that the full download is large, over 700 MB for each part. Permanent Archive of the data published in Jiang, et al., in press, Modeling long-term changes in tundra carbon balance following wildfire, climate change and potential nutrient addition, Ecological Applications.
Recycling Carbon Dioxide In The Cement Industry To Produce Added-Value Additives
<p>Prof. Simelys Hernández of the Italian Institute of Technology presented the RECODE project (<a href="http://www.recodeh2020.eu">recodeh2020.eu</a>) at the EU Green Week Webinar 'Towards Zero Pollution in the Production of Green Fuels and Chemicals' on 4th June 2021.</p>
Wastewater alkalinity addition enhancement for carbon emission reduction and marine CO2 removal
<p>The ROMS_RCA model settings of 2010 runs. The reference date of the 'TIME' variable is 1983-01-01.</p> <p>The files with 'Y2010_' in their names contain the boundary data and initial fileds for the model run. The file "ROMSeutro_1strun.inp" lists all the model parameters, while the files with 'CPB_WWTP_ps' in the names are the settings of the discharges from each WWTP outlet. </p> <p>The data used to generate the figures are provided in the MAT file.</p>
Wear resistance of an additively manufactured high-carbon martensitic stainless steel
<p>Dataset supporting the study:</p> <p>'Wear resistance of an additively manufactured high-carbon martensitic stainless steel', E. Iakovakis et al., 2022</p> <p>The dataset contains the hardness, the friction values, the x,y,z coordinates from profilometry measurements for the wear rate calculation and the generation of the surface profile map of the track and the hardness data to generate the cross-sectional hardness map of the wear tracks of an additive manufactured (EBM-processed) high-carbon martensitic stainless steel (Vibenite®350). Most specifically, it incudes the following:</p> <ul> <li>Hardness measurement file (Hardness vibenite350 HV5.csv): The .csv file reports the hardness for 30 measurements.</li> <li>Reciprocating tests files (Vibenite 350 cof1/2/3 alumina 3N/10N.csv): The .csv files report the testing parameters and the friction forces of the reciprocating dry wear tests.</li> <li>Profilometry measurements files (Vibenite 350 profilometry1/2/3 3N/10N.dat and Vibenite 350 profilometry data map_5umscan at 3N/10N): The .dat files report the x,y,z coordinates of the wear track used for the calculation of the Vibenite®350 and for the generation of the surface profile maps.</li> <li>Hardness data in the cross-section of the wear track files (Vibenite 350 hardness data map at 3N/10N.spe): The .spe files report the hardness values measured in the cross-section of the wear track and used to generate the hardness maps.</li> <li>SEM-EDX analysis of the wear track at 10N</li> </ul> <p>The dataset also includes tribological data for an additive manufactured (EBM-processed) high carbon martensitic tool steel (Vibenite®150) which is used to compare the wear rate data of the EBM-processed martensitic stainless steel. Most specifically, it incudes the following:</p> <ul> <li>Reciprocating tests files (Vibenite 150 cof1/2/3 alumina 3N/10N.csv): The .csv files report the testing parameters and the friction forces of the reciprocating dry wear tests (CoF-sliding distance plot included).</li> <li>Profilometry measurements files (Vibenite 150 profilometry1/2/3 3N/10N.dat ): The .dat files report the x,y,z coordinates of the wear track used for the calculation of the wear rate for Vibenite®150 and for the generation of the surface profile maps (included maps for 3 N and 10N).</li> </ul>
Effect of Presodiation Additive on Structural and Interfacial Stability of Hard Carbon | P2-Na0.66Mn0.75Ni0.2Mg0.05O2 Full Cell
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Data for Process Design and Energy Assessment of an Onboard Carbon Capture System with Boilers or Heat Pumps for Additional Steam Generation
<p>1. Supporting file includes main stream information used in Aspen HYSYS model, process simulations of boiler and heat pump for model construction.<br> 2. Supporting file also includes main information used in ProMAX model, process simulations of carbon capture process for model construction.</p>
Data from: Plant cover changes drive plant and soil carbon pool responses in High Arctic dry heath exposed to decades of experimentally increased summer rain and nutrient addition
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Canopy and understory nitrogen additions differently affect soil microbial residual carbon in a temperate forest
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Soil carbon: Nitrogen Addition and Dynamics of Recovery from Cessation of N Addition
This experiment was established on top of E002 in fields A and C. In the spring of 1992, 3 randomly chosen replicates of each nutrient treatment of experiment E002 were chosen to receive no more fertilizer. For a description of these plots, see E002. For a description of fertilizer added to E097, see file fertilization details. For a list of treatments, see the treatment layouts in file trmte97.
SGS-LTER Effects of water and nitrogen additions on carbon and nitrogen in shortgrass ecosystems on the Central Plains Experimental Range, Nunn, Colorado, USA 1997-2011, ARS Study Number 143
This data package was produced by researchers working on the Shortgrass Steppe Long Term Ecological Research (SGS-LTER) Project, administered at Colorado State University. Long-term datasets and background information (proposals, reports, photographs, etc.) on the SGS-LTER project are contained in a comprehensive project collection within the Digital Collections of Colorado (http://digitool.library.colostate.edu/R/?func=collections&collection_id=3429). The data table and associated metadata document, which is generated in Ecological Metadata Language, may be available through other repositories serving the ecological research community and represent components of the larger SGS-LTER project collection. The objective of this research is to evaluate the long-term response of shortgrass ecosystems to additional water and nitrogen inputs. An experiment was conducted during the IBP project (1970-1975) in which water and nitrogen were applied (Lauenroth et al. 1978, Dodd and Lauenroth 1979, Milchunas and Lauenroth 1995). While we gained an enormous increment in our knowledge about shortgrass ecosystems from this experiment it raised as many questions as it answered. One of the problems was that the treatments were very high levels of nitrogen (100-150kg/ha N) and water (600 mm/growing season) additions. Additional information and referenced materials can be found: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/85629.
Data from: Differential impacts of nitrogen addition on rhizosphere and bulk-soil carbon sequestration in an alpine shrubland
<p><span><span>1. Due to complex root-soil interactions, the responses of carbon (C) dynamics in the rhizosphere to elevated nitrogen (N) deposition may be different from those in bulk soil. However, the potentially different response of C dynamics in the rhizosphere and bulk soils and their contributions to soil C sequestration under N deposition is still not elucidated.</span></span></p> <p><span><span>2. We conducted an N addition experiment in an alpine shrubland dominated by <i>Sibiraea angustata</i> located on the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). We measured the soil organic C (SOC) contents and density fractions in the rhizosphere and bulk soils in the top 15 cm of mineral soil and then employed a numerical model based on the rhizosphere extent to evaluate how the rhizosphere modulates soil C sequestration under N addition. We also measured the microbial gene abundance and C-acquisition enzyme activities to assess microbial community responses to N addition.</span></span></p> <p><span><span>3. The results showed that nitrogen addition had opposite effects on the rhizosphere and bulk-soil C stocks. Specifically, N addition decreased the rhizosphere SOC content through increasing bacterial abundance, β-glucosidase activity, and thus accelerating the loss of free light fraction C (FLF-C). However, N addition increased the bulk-soil C content, which was corresponding with the reduced oxidase activities and the accelerated accumulation of heavy fraction C (HF-C) under N addition. Numerical model analysis showed that the decrease induced by N addition in rhizosphere SOC stock ranged from 0.11 to 3.01 kg C m<sup>-2</sup> as root exudation diffusion distance extended from 0.5 mm to 2 mm, while the corresponding increase in the bulk-soil C stock ranged from 1.91 to 4.08 kg C m<sup>-2</sup>. By synthesizing the dynamics of the SOC stocks in these two soil compartments under N addition, the SOC stock at the ecosystem level exhibited an increase in range of 0.73-2.44 kg C m<sup>-2</sup>.</span></span></p> <p><span><span>4. <i>Synthesis</i> Our results suggest that alpine shrublands on the eastern QTP have great potential for soil C sequestration under N deposition, and the magnitude of the sequestration would depend closely on the responses of rhizosphere microbial C processes and the rhizosphere extent. Our results highlight the importance of integrating rhizosphere processes into land surface models to accurately predict ecosystem functions in the background of elevated N deposition.</span></span></p>
Carbon allocation to the rhizosphere is affected by drought and nitrogen addition
<p>Photosynthetic carbon (C) allocated below-ground can be shared with mycorrhizal fungi in exchange for nutrients, but also added into soil as rhizodeposits that potentially increases plant nutrient supply by supporting microbial nutrient mineralization from organic matter. How water and nitrogen (N) availabilities affect plant C allocation to the rhizosphere, including both arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) symbionts and rhizodeposits, remains largely unknown.</p> <p>We used a <sup>13</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> pulse labelling experiment to assess effects of drought and N addition on below-ground allocation of C to soils and roots (quantified as excess <sup>13</sup>C) and tested their relationships with AMF colonization in an Australian grassland. We also examined relationships between AMF and previously reported root respiration and decomposition of rhizodeposits in this study.</p> <p>We found that drought decreased the absolute amount of excess <sup>13</sup>C allocated to both soils and roots, likely due to less photosynthetic C fixation. In contrast, proportionally more excess <sup>13</sup>C was allocated to soils but less to root biomass with drought, suggesting that relatively more C was allocated to rhizodeposits and to AMF hyphal growth and extension. However, N addition reversed drought effects on below-ground C allocation by retaining proportionally more excess <sup>13</sup>C in roots and less in soils, congruent with higher soil N and phosphorus availabilities, root biomass, and number of root tips compared to drought without N addition. This suggests that alleviation of nutrient limitation promoted plants to expend relatively more C on root growth and root trait adjustment, but less C on rhizodeposition and mycorrhizal symbiosis.</p> <p><i>Synthesis</i>. Mycorrhizal colonization related negatively to rhizodeposit decomposition rate but positively to both excess <sup>13</sup>C in root biomass and root respiration, suggesting a possible tradeoff in C allocation between mycorrhizal symbiosis and rhizodeposition. We conclude that below-ground C allocation in this grassland can be mediated by mycorrhizal colonization and is strongly affected by water and nutrient availability.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
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