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57 results for “cavitation”
Diurnal Patterns of Cavitation in Red Maple, Paper Birch and White Ash at Harvard Forest 2011-2012
Previous work at Harvard Forest has suggested that woody plants cavitate and re-dissolve embolisms in xylem on a daily basis. Here we investigated the common assumption that severing stems and petioles under water preserves the hydraulic continuity in the xylem conduits opened by the cut when the xylem is under tension. In red maple and white ash, higher PLC in the afternoon occurred when the measurement segment was excised under water at native xylem tensions, but not when xylem tensions were relaxed prior to sample excision. Bench drying vulnerability curves in which measurement samples were excised at native versus relaxed tensions showed a dramatic effect of cutting under tension in red maple, a moderate effect in sugar maple, and no effect in paper birch. These results suggest that sampling methods can generate PLC patterns indicative of repair under tension by inducing a degree of embolism that is itself a function of xylem tensions at the moment of sample excision.
Bio-inspired apparatus to produce luminescent cavitation in a rigid walled chamber
<p>A mechanical device inspired by the sudden rotational motion of the pistol shrimp claw was developed. The apparatus consists of a limb with a V-shaped end, which fits into a socket forming a cylindrical compression chamber. Air bubbles of different sizes and in different positions inside the chamber were seeded to study their shape evolution in liquids when subjected to pressure pulses induced by the limb closure. Non-spherical shape dynamics, micro jets and photon emission were observed during bubble collapse. The proposed mechanism represents a low-cost technology useful in the study of cavitation near rigid boundaries of diverse geometries.</p> <p>Experimental data on limb motion and bubble dynamics were obtained by processing videos taken with a high-speed camera. Light signals were acquired with a photomultiplier and force signals were acquired using PVDF piezoelectric sensors. </p> <p>Numerical data describing limb motion were obtained by numerically solving a torque balance model, while radial dynamics curves were obtained by solving the Rayleigh-Plesset equation.</p> <p>Data files are presented in two types of extension .opj (and .opju) that can be opened and analyzed in OriginPro software and also .xlsx that can be opened and analyzed with Microsoft Excel. The name of each file corresponds to the Figure number used in the article. <br> <br> Two notebooks created in Mathematica are made available. One of them was used to simulate the dynamics of clamp closure and the other to estimate the pressure pulse generated during limb closure. The versions of these files are not the most up-to-date, <br> but they contain all the information necessary to reproduce the results presented in the article.</p>
Weapon performance and contest assessment strategies of the cavitating snaps in snapping shrimp
<p class="MsoNormal">Animals compete in contests over limited resources. Contestants forfeit once they ascertain that their opponent has greater resource holding potential (RHP) (mutual assessment) or once they reach a threshold of costs (self assessment). Functional scaling studies of contest behavior performance can inform how assessment signals, offensive capacity, and endurance scale with RHP and thereby elucidate the mechanisms through which each of these assessment types operate. Here, we performed behavioral contest analyses to determine the assessment strategies used in snapping shrimp (<em>Alpheus heterochaelis</em>) contests. Then, we used biomechanical measurements of a common contest behavior to inform how assessment might operate. We were specifically interested in the snapping behavior during which snapping shrimp fire imploding cavitation bubbles – hereafter, "snaps" – at their opponents. We showed that <em>A. heterochaelis</em> use mutual assessment early in contests. Then, when they fire snaps, they switch to cumulative assessment – a type of self assessment where contestants endure costs from their own behaviors (e.g. energy) and their opponent's (e.g. injury). Because larger individuals tend to win contests, we then tested how the maximum performance and endurance of snaps scaled with size. We measured the average angular velocity of the snapping dactyl, cavitation bubble duration, and pressure of snaps as metrics of performance. We measured 10 snaps per individual (n = 76 individuals). From this series of 10 snaps, we calculated the maximum of each metric as the maximum performance and the attrition of each metric over the course of ten snaps as a measure of endurance. Maximum performance increased with size, but endurance did not. This suggests that cumulative assessment in snapping shrimp is driven by opponent-imposed costs. Our results are not consistent with self-assessment based on endurance; however, the experiment could not fully replicate the quick succession of snaps fired in real contests. Future experiments should better replicate the rapid firing of snaps to test if endurance matters in a more ecologically relevant context. Our framework of integrating biomechanics and behavioral ecology provide a pathway to identify precise mechanisms of contest assessment and animal behavior more broadly.</p>
Sound pressure measurements and calculation of the cavitation volume for a full-scale 3500 TEU container vessel
<p>Supplementary material comprising measurement data and MATLAB code corresponding to the published research article.</p>
Developing elastic mechanisms: Ultrafast motion and cavitation emerge at the millimeter scale in juvenile snapping shrimp
<p>Organisms such as jumping froghopper insects and punching mantis shrimp use spring-based propulsion to achieve fast motion. Studies of elastic mechanisms primarily focus on fully developed and functional mechanisms in adult organisms. However, the ontogeny and development of these mechanisms can provide important insights into lower size limits of spring-based propulsion, the ecological or behavioral relevance of ultrafast movement, and the scaling of ultrafast movement. Here we examine the development of the spring-latch mechanism in the big claw snapping shrimp, <em>Alpheus</em> <em>heterochaelis</em> (Alpheidae). Adult snapping shrimp use an enlarged claw to produce high-speed strikes that generate cavitation bubbles. However, until now, it was unclear when the elastic mechanism emerges during development and whether juvenile snapping shrimp can generate cavitation at this size. We reared <em>A</em>. <em>heterochaelis</em> from eggs, through their larval and postlarval stages. Starting one month after hatching, the snapping shrimp snapping claw gradually developed a spring-actuated mechanism and began snapping. We used high-speed videography (300,000 frames s<sup>-1</sup>) to measure juvenile snaps. We discovered that juvenile snapping shrimp generate the highest recorded accelerations (5.8x10<sup>5</sup> ± 3.3x10<sup>5</sup> m s<sup>-2</sup>) for repeated use and underwater motion and are capable of producing cavitation at the millimeter scale. The angular velocity of snaps did not change as juveniles grew; however, juvenile snapping shrimp with larger claws produced faster linear speeds and generated larger, longer-lasting cavitation bubbles. These findings establish the development of the elastic mechanism and cavitation in snapping shrimp and provide insights into early life-history transitions in spring-actuated mechanisms.</p>
Developing elastic mechanisms: Ultrafast motion and cavitation emerge at the millimeter scale in juvenile snapping shrimp
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Weapon performance and contest assessment strategies of the cavitating snaps in snapping shrimp
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Cavitation Bubble Data (Parabolic Flights, 2010)
<p>This dataset contains high-speed videos, time-resolved pressure measurements and auxiliary data of 247 isolated single cavitation bubbles produced in variable gravity (0g, 1g, 1.6-2g) aboard the Airbus 300 zero-g on the 53rd ESA parabolic flight campaign in October 2010. The five files contain 247 subdirectories, each of which holds the available data of exactly one cavitation bubble. The experimental setup and data structure are explained in a peer-reviewed publication in Experiments In Fluids (2013, 54:1503, DOI 10.1007/s00348-013-1503-9), titled "The quest for the most spherical bubble: experimental setup and data overview". Most of the data shown in that paper relied on these 247 cavitation bubbles, but many more cavitation bubbles have been recorded using additional sensors (e.g. spectrometer) in later experiments on parabolic flights.</p>
Heterogeneous cavitation from atomically smooth liquid-liquid interfaces
<p>Original research data on "Heterogeneous cavitation from atomically smooth liquid-liquid interfaces"</p> <p> </p> <p>Magnetic beads: diameter 4.5 µm<br> Framerate 5x10^6 fps<br> scale: 1px = 1.45 µm</p> <p>PFOB: 1-Bromoheptadecafluorooctane<br> Framerate 5x10^6 fps<br> scale: 1px = 1.60 µm</p> <p>4H-PFOB: 1H,1H,2H,2H-Perfluorooctyl bromide<br> Framerate 5x10^6 fps<br> scale: 1px = 1.23 µm</p> <p>"Luminity": Perfluteren 150 µl/ml<br> Framerate 5x10^6 fps<br> scale: 1px = 1.60 µm</p> <p>single_Interface: 4H-PFOB (left;laser impact) and water (right)<br> Framerate 5x10^6 fps<br> scale: 1px = 1.33 µm</p> <p>multi_cav: PFOB droplets<br> Framerate 5x10^6 fps<br> scale: 1px = 1.34 µm</p>
Cavitation tests
<p><span><span>Representative corrosion tests on as-bult, Ni-P and Ni-P+DLC samples in the ALCOM PoC project.</span></span></p>
"Comparison of the Effects of Resin Infiltrant, Fluoride Varnish, and the Combined Application of Resin Infiltrant and Fluoride Varnish on Primary Molars in the Treatment of Proximal Non-Cavitated Car
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07112963. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Effect of High Intensity Interval Training and Ultrasound Cavitation on Lipid Profile in Type 2 Diabetes Patients
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06926725. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Data from: Toward the development of cavitation technology for gas hydrate prevention
<p>In offshore gas well drilling and production, methane hydrate may block the tubing, resulting in the stoppage of gas production. Conventional methods such as injection of thermal hydrate inhibitors, thermal insulating or heating, gas dehydration, and reducing pressure are time-consuming and expensive, and sometimes they are not realistic in production conditions. New methods are needed to lower the cost of gas hydrate prevention and to overcome these limitations. The thermal effect of cavitation was applied to the prevention of gas hydrate in this study. The thermal impact of cavitation, supposed to heat the fluids and prevent the formation of gas hydrate, was evaluated. Numerical simulation was performed to study the thermal performance of cavitation. Furthermore, experimental studies of the influence of initial temperature, flow rate, fluid volume, and fluid viscosity on the thermal effect of cavitation were performed, and the results were analyzed.</p>
Visual and acoustic measurements with an asymetrically oscillating, cavitating NACA0015 hydrofoil in a cavitation tunnel
<p>Supplementary material to a research article. The content is described in the 0_READ-ME_Overview.txt file.</p>
Radiographic Contrast To Differentiate Cavitated From Non-cavitated Tooth Decay
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02359279. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Non-restorative Cavity Control in Anterior Cavitated Caries Lesion of Primary Teeth
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03785730. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
U-CaVIT Versus Standard of Care for Prevention of Atonic Postpartum Hemorrhage After Cesarean Section in High-risk Women.
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07019623. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 5.
Efficacy of Sealants in Cavitated Enamel Lesions on Occlusal Surfaces in Children
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02617940. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 15.
Clinical Performance of Injection-Molding Vs. Incremental Packing of Resin Composite in Cavitated Posterior Teeth
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05020093. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Effect of Light Curable Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Varnish on Non-Cavitated Proximal Carious Lesions' Progression
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03685058. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 12.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.