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125 results for “cholinergic”
Raw data for: "CalDAG-GEFI mediates striatal cholinergic modulation of dendritic excitability, synaptic plasticity and psychomotor behaviors"
<p>Figure 2. CDGI mediates the M1R modulation of dendritic excitability but not the M1R</p> <p>modulation of somatic excitability.</p> <p>(A and B) Sagittal sections through the brains of CDGI knockout mice in which the direct</p> <p>pathway was visualized (red) in D1-tdTomato mice (A) and the indirect pathway was visualized</p> <p>(green) in D2-GFP mice.</p> <p>(C) Sample somatic voltage changes evoked by 120pA current injections in iSPNs from WT</p> <p>(black) and CDGI-KO (red) before and after bath application of oxo-M (10 µM).</p> <p>(C-D) Current-response curves of iSPNs from WT (B, n=5 cells) and CDGI-KO mice (C, n=7</p> <p>cells). Somatic excitability of iSPNs was similarly enhanced by oxo-M in WT and CDGI-KO.</p> <p>(E) Sample somatic recordings in response to 140pA current injections in dSPNs from WT</p> <p>(black) and CDGI KO (red) before and after bath application of oxo-M (10 µM).</p> <p>(F-H) Current-response curves of dSPNs from WT (E) and CDGI-KO (F) mice (n=4-6).</p> <p>(I) Trains of five EPSPs were evoked by stimulation of glutamatergic afferent fibers at 40 Hz.</p> <p>Oxo-M (10 µM) increased EPSP summation in iSPNs of WT, but not in CDGI-KO or when</p> <p>M1Rs were blocked by M1R antagonist VU0255035 in WT (5 M).</p> <p>(J) Box plot showing the effect of oxoM on synaptic summation. The EPSP5/EPSP1 ratio was</p> <p>increased by oxoM in iSPNs of WT (p = 0.002, Wilcoxon test; n = 10), but not in iSPNs of 27</p> <p>CDGI-KO mice (p = 0.25, n = 9) or in iSPNs of WT mice in the presence of VU0255035 (p =</p> <p>0.69, n = 6).</p> <p>(K) Box plot showing the effect of oxoM on the kinetics of synaptic response. The decay time</p> <p>constant of EPSP5 was significantly increased by oxoM in iSPNs of WT (p = 0.002); but not</p> <p>when CDGI was genetically deleted (p = 0.65) or when M1R was pharmacologically blocked (p</p> <p>= 0.84).</p>
Source data for "Feed-forward metabotropic signaling by Cav1 Ca2+ channels supports pacemaking in pedunculopontine cholinergic neurons"
<p><strong>Fig.1A_ChAT.tif</strong></p><p>Confocal image (green channel, anti-ChAT staining) for Fig.1A</p><p> </p><p><strong>Fig.1A_tdTomato.tif </strong></p><p>Confocal image (red channel, tdTomato) for Fig.1A</p><p> </p><p><strong>Fig.1B_ChAT.tif</strong></p><p>Confocal image (green channel, anti-ChAT staining) for Fig.1B</p><p> </p><p><strong>Fig.1B_tdTomato.tif</strong></p><p>Confocal image (red channel, tdTomato) for Fig.1B</p><p> </p><p><strong>Fig.1C_DIC.png</strong></p><p>Differential interference contrast micrograph for Fig.1C left</p><p> </p><p><strong>Fig.1C_Fluo.png</strong></p><p>Epifluorescent illumination micrograph for Fig. 1C right</p><p> </p><p><strong>Fig.1DEH.xlsx</strong></p><p>Numerical data for the charts in Fig. 1D, Fig.1E, Fig.1H</p><p> </p><p><strong>Fig.1F.tif</strong></p><p>MAX projection of z-stack of 2PLSM images (red channel, Alexa 594) used to generate Fig.1F </p><p> </p><p><strong>Fig.1F_inset.tif</strong></p><p>2PLSM image (green channel, Fura-2) for the right inset of Fig.1F</p><p> </p><p><strong>Fig.2A_inset.tif</strong></p><p>Confocal image (green channel, GFP) for the higher magnification inset of Fig.2A</p><p> </p><p><strong>Fig.2A.tif</strong></p><p>Confocal image (green channel, GFP) for Fig.2A</p><p> </p><p><strong>Fig.2B_bottom.tif</strong></p><p>Confocal image (green channel, GFP) for Fig.2B (bottom and overlay panels)</p><p> </p><p><strong>Fig.2B_top.tif</strong></p><p>Confocal image (red channel, td Tomato) for Fig.2B (top and overlay panels)</p><p> </p><p><strong>Fig.2CE.xlsx</strong></p><p>Numerical data for the charts in Fig. 2C, Fig. 2E</p><p> </p><p><strong>Fig.3B.tif</strong></p><p>Confocal image (green channel, MitoGCaMP6) for Fig.3B and overlay in Fig.3D</p><p> </p><p><strong>Fig.3C.tif</strong></p><p>Confocal image (red channel, tdTomato) for Fig.3C and overlay in Fig.3D</p><p> </p><p><strong>Fig.3E.tif</strong></p><p>2PLSM image (green channel, MitoGCaMP6) for Fig.3E</p><p> </p><p><strong>Fig.3GIJ.xlsx</strong></p><p>Numerical data for the charts in Fig. 3G, Fig. 3I, Fig.3J</p><p> </p><p><strong>Fig.4B.tif</strong></p><p>2PLSM image (green channel, MitoGCaMP6) for Fig.4B</p><p> </p><p><strong>Fig.4DFG.xlsx</strong></p><p>Numerical data for the charts in Fig.4D, Fig.4F, Fig.4G</p><p> </p><p><strong>Fig.5A.tif</strong></p><p>Confocal image (green channel, PercevalHR) for Fig.5A and overlay in Fig.5C</p><p> </p><p><strong>Fig.5B.tif</strong></p><p>Confocal image (red channel, tdTomato) for Fig.5B and overlay in Fig.5C</p><p> </p><p><strong>Fig.5D.tif</strong></p><p>2PLSM image (green channel, PercevalHR) for Fig.5D</p><p> </p><p><strong>Fig.5GHJ.xlsx</strong></p><p>Numerical data for the charts in Fig.5G, Fig.5H, Fig.5J</p><p> </p><p><strong>Fig.6BCD.xlsx</strong></p><p>Numerical data for the charts in Fig.6b, Fig.6C, Fig.6D</p><p> </p><p><strong>Fig.7A.tif</strong></p><p>Confocal image (green channel, mito-roGFP) for Fig.7A and overlay in Fig.7C</p><p> </p><p><strong>Fig.7B.tif</strong></p><p>Confocal image (red channel, tdTomato) for Fig.7B and overlay in Fig.7C</p><p> </p><p><strong>Fig.7D.tif</strong></p><p>2PLSM image (green channel, mito-roGFP) for Fig.7D</p><p> </p><p><strong>Fig.7F.xlsx</strong></p><p>Numerical data for the charts in Fig.7F</p>
Raw data for: "Vesicular Acetylcholine Transporter Alters Cholinergic Tone and Synaptic Plasticity in DYT1 Dystonia"
<p>Raw data for Supplemental Figure 2 - Patch-Clamp recordings of ChI firing activity after bath application of donepezil (Donep 50 μM, 5 minutes). The inhibition by donepezil was weaker in Tor1a+/− than in Tor1a+/+ neurons.</p>
Slow and fast cortical cholinergic arousal is reduced in a mouse model of focal seizures with impaired consciousness
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Data from: Frontal noradrenergic and cholinergic transients exhibit distinct spatiotemporal dynamics during competitive decision-making
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Sleep deprivation drives brain-wide changes in cholinergic pre-synapse abundance in Drosophila melanogaster
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Statistical data from: Cholinergic modulation of hippocampally mediated attention and perception
<p>Attention to the relations between visual features modulates hippocampal representations. Moreover, hippocampal damage impairs discrimination of spatial relations. We explore a mechanism by which this might occur: modulation by the acetylcholine system. Acetylcholine enhances afferent input to the hippocampus and suppresses recurrent connections within it. This biases hippocampal processing toward environmental input, and should improve externally-oriented, hippocampally mediated attention and perception. We examined cholinergic modulation on an attention task that recruits the hippocampus. On each trial, participants viewed two images (rooms with paintings). On "similar room" trials, they judged whether the rooms had the same spatial layout from a different perspective. On "similar art" trials, they judged whether the paintings could have been painted by the same artist. On "identical" trials, participants simply had to detect identical paintings or rooms. We predicted that cholinergic modulation would improve performance on the similar room task, given past findings that hippocampal representations predicted, and hippocampal damage impaired, behavior on this task. To test this, nicotine cigarette smokers took part in two sessions: one before which they abstained from nicotine for 12 hours, and one before which they ingested nicotine in the past hour. Individual differences in expired breath carbon monoxide levels — a measure of how recently or how much someone smoked — predicted performance improvements on the similar room task. This finding provides novel support for computational models that propose that acetylcholine enhances externally oriented attentional states in the hippocampus.</p>
Rapid modulation of striatal cholinergic interneurons and dopamine release by satellite astrocytes
<h3><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></h3> <p>Astrocytes are increasingly thought to possess underestimated and important roles in modulating neuronal circuits. Astrocytes in striatum can regulate dopamine transmission by governing the extracellular tone of axonal neuromodulators, including GABA and adenosine. However, here we reveal that striatal astrocytes occupy a cell type-specific anatomical and functional relationship with cholinergic interneurons (ChIs), through which they rapidly excite ChIs and govern dopamine release via nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on subsecond timescales. We identify that ChI somata are in unexpectedly close proximity to astrocyte somata, in mouse and human, forming a “soma-to-soma” satellite-like configuration not typically observed for other striatal neurons. Transient depolarization of astrocytes in mouse striatum reversibly regulated ChI excitability by decreasing extracellular calcium. These findings reveal a privileged satellite astrocyte-interneuron interaction for striatal ChIs operating on subsecond timescales via regulation of extracellular calcium dynamics to shape downstream striatal circuit activity and dopamine signaling.</p> <p> </p> <h3><strong>FILE DESCRIPTIONS</strong></h3> <p>This repository contains the following files:</p> <ul> <li>Key Resources Table (.xlsx) - Table containing details on key resources (antibodies, mouse lines, virus strains, software, equipment, and reagents), and the persistent identifiers for protocols and code used and generated in this study. </li> <li>Source Data Folder (.zip): <ul> <li>_README_Source_Data (.txt) with detailed information about each dataset.</li> <li>Individual tabular datasets corresponding to each panel shown in the Main Figures 1 to 5 (.csv).</li> <li>Excel spreadsheet containing all tabular datasets plotted in Main Figures 1 to 5 (.xlsx)</li> </ul> </li> <li>Supplementary Data Folder (.zip): <ul> <li>_README_Supplementary_Data (.txt) with detailed information about each dataset.</li> <li>Individual tabular datasets corresponding to each panel shown in the Supplementary Figures 1-9, 11-14 (.csv).</li> <li>Excel spreadsheet containing all tabular datasets plotted in Supplementary Figures 1-9, 11-14 (.xlsx)</li> </ul> </li> </ul>
An axonal brake on striatal dopamine output by cholinergic interneurons
<h3><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></h3> <p>Depolarisation of distal axons is necessary for somatic action potentials to be translated into axonal neurotransmitter release. Here, we show that activation of striatal cholinergic interneurons (ChIs) and nicotinic receptors (nAChRs) on mouse DA axons transiently prevents the release of dopamine (DA) by subsequent stimuli for ~100 ms. Previous studies have shown that nAChRs on DA axons can drive ectopic action potentials in DA axons to trigger DA release. We demonstrate <em>ex vivo </em>that a lower level of activation of ChIs is needed to suppress DA release than to trigger it, an effect that is not due to DA depletion, but to restricted re-activation of DA axons. This axonal brake on DA output is stronger and more persistent in dorsal than ventral striatum. <em>In vivo</em>, we reveal a predominant depression of DA release by endogenous acetylcholine, as antagonism of nAChRs in dorsal striatum conversely elevated tonic DA detected with optic-fibre photometry of GRAB<sub>DA2m</sub> sensor and promoted conditioned place-preference. Our findings reveal that ChIs acting via nAChRs limit activation of DA axons by subsequent DA neuron activity, uncoupling DA axons from ascending action potentials and generating a dynamic inverse scaling of DA release according to ChI activity.</p> <p> </p> <h3><strong>FILE DESCRIPTIONS</strong></h3> <p>This repository contains the following files:</p> <ul> <li>Key Resources Table (.xlsx) - Table containing details on key resources (antibodies, mouse lines, virus strains, and software), and the persistent identifiers for protocols and code used and generated in this study. </li> <li>Source Data Folder (.zip): <ul> <li>_README_Source_Data (.txt) with detailed information about each dataset.</li> <li>Individual tabular datasets corresponding to panels shown in the Main Figures 1 to 5 (.csv).</li> <li>Excel spreadsheet containing all tabular datasets plotted in Main Figures 1 to 5 (.xlsx)</li> </ul> </li> <li>Supplementary Data Folder (.zip): <ul> <li>_README_Supplementary_Data (.txt) with detailed information about each dataset.</li> <li>Individual tabular datasets corresponding to panels shown in the Supplementary Figures 1 to 6 (.csv).</li> <li>Excel spreadsheet containing all tabular datasets plotted in Supplementary Figures 1 to 6 (.xlsx)</li> </ul> </li> </ul>
Cholinergic input to mouse visual cortex signals a movement state and acutely enhances layer 5 responsiveness
<div>All raw data and Matlab code necessary to produce the figures of <a href="https://elifesciences.org/reviewed-preprints/89986">https://elifesciences.org/reviewed-preprints/89986</a></div> <div> <div> </div> </div>
Cholinergic Interneuron Firing and Dopamine release across striatal subregions
<p>Folder contains all the code and data to produce the figures for "A mismatch between striatal cholinergic pauses and dopaminergic reward prediction errors" </p>
Trial to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of LEO 152020 in Adult Patients With Cholinergic Urticaria
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04853992. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Comparative Study to Test Safety and Efficacy of Neurotrophic and Cholinergic Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00911807. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Crossover Target Engagement Study of Cholinergic Mechanisms of Gait Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease (Project #3 - Experiment 3 [UdallP3E3])
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04403399. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Cholinergic Deep Brain Stimulation for Alzheimer's Disease
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05882344. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 7.
Effects of Cholinergic Augmentation on Measures of Balance and Gait
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02206620. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Nicotinic Cholinergic Modulation as a Novel Treatment Strategy for Aggression Associated With Autism
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02552147. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
The Exercise Response to Pharmacologic Cholinergic Stimulation in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis / Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03674541. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Using the Cholinergic Anti-Inflammatory Pathway to Treat Systemic Lupus Musculoskeletal Pain
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02822989. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Statistical data from: Cholinergic modulation of hippocampally mediated attention and perception
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
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