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4 results for “climate-sensitive species”
Habitat and climatic associations of climate-sensitive species along a southern range boundary
<p><span class="Dummy">Climate change and habitat loss are recognized as important drivers of shifts in wildlife species' geographic distributions. While often considered independently, there is considerable overlap between these drivers, and understanding how they contribute to range shifts can predict future species assemblages and inform effective management. Our objective was to evaluate the impacts of habitat, climatic, and anthropogenic effects on the distributions of climate‐sensitive vertebrates along a southern range boundary <span>in Northern Michigan, USA</span>. We combined multiple sources of occurrence data, including harvest and citizen‐science data, then used hierarchical Bayesian spatial models to determine habitat and climatic associations for four climate‐sensitive vertebrate species (American marten [</span><em><span class="fi">Martes americana</span></em><span class="Dummy">], snowshoe hare [</span><em><span class="fi">Lepus americanus</span></em><span class="Dummy">], ruffed grouse [</span><em><span class="fi">Bonasa umbellus</span></em><span class="Dummy">], and moose [</span><em><span class="fi">Alces alces</span></em><span class="Dummy">]). We used total basal area of at‐risk forest types to represent habitat, and temperature and winter habitat indices to represent climate. Marten associated with upland spruce‐fir and lowland riparian forest types, hares with lowland conifer and aspen‐birch, grouse with lowland riparian hardwood</span><span>s</span><span>, </span><span class="Dummy">and moose with upland spruce‐fir. Species differed in climatic drivers with hares positively associated with cooler annual temperatures, moose with cooler summer temperatures, and grouse with colder winter temperatures. Contrary to expectations, temperature variables outperformed winter habitat indices. Model performance varied greatly among species, as did predicted distributions along the southern edge of the Northwoods region. As multiple species were associated with lowland riparian and upland spruce‐fir habitats, these results provide potential for efficient prioritization of habitat management. Both direct and indirect effects from climate change are likely to impact the distribution of climate‐sensitive species in the future and the use of multiple data types and sources in the modelling of species distributions can result in more accurate predictions resulting in improved management at policy‐relevant scales</span><span class="Dummy">.</span></p>
Habitat and climatic associations of climate-sensitive species along a southern range boundary
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Data from: Landscape effects on gene flow for a climate-sensitive montane species, the American pika
Climate change is arguably the greatest challenge to conservation of our time. Most vulnerability assessments rely on past and current species distributions to predict future persistence but ignore species' abilities to disperse through landscapes, which may be particularly important in fragmented habitats and crucial for long-term persistence in changing environments. Landscape genetic approaches explore the interactions between landscape features and gene flow and can clarify how organisms move among suitable habitats, but have suffered from methodological uncertainties. We used a landscape genetic approach to determine how landscape and climate-related features influence gene flow for American pikas (Ochotona princeps) in Crater Lake National Park. Pikas are heat intolerant and restricted to cool microclimates; thus, range contractions have been predicted as climate changes. We evaluated the correlation between landscape variables and genetic distance using partial Mantel tests in a causal modelling framework, and used spatially explicit simulations to evaluate methods of model optimization including a novel approach based on relative support and reciprocal causal modelling. We found that gene flow was primarily restricted by topographic relief, water and west-facing aspects, suggesting that physical restrictions related to small body size and mode of locomotion, as well as exposure to relatively high temperatures, limit pika dispersal in this alpine habitat. Our model optimization successfully identified landscape features influencing resistance in the simulated data for this landscape, but underestimated the magnitude of resistance. This is the first landscape genetic study to address the fundamental question of what limits dispersal and gene flow in the American pika.
Data from: Landscape effects on gene flow for a climate-sensitive montane species, the American pika
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