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233 results for “climatic niche”
Identifying climatic drivers of hybridization with a new ancestral niche reconstruction method
<p>Applications of molecular phylogenetic approaches have uncovered evidence of hybridization across numerous clades of life, yet the environmental factors responsible for driving opportunities for hybridization remain obscure. Verbal models implicating geographic range shifts that brought species together during the Pleistocene have often been invoked, but quantitative tests using paleoclimatic data are needed to validate these models. Here, we produce a phylogeny for Heuchereae, a clade of 15 genera and 83 species in Saxifragaceae, with complete sampling of recognized species, using 277 nuclear loci and nearly complete chloroplast genomes. We then employ an improved framework with a coalescent simulation approach to test and confirm previous hybridization hypotheses and identify one new intergeneric hybridization event. Focusing on the North American distribution of Heuchereae, we introduce and implement a newly developed approach to reconstruct potential past distributions for ancestral lineages across all species in the clade and across a paleoclimatic record extending from the late Pliocene. Time calibration based on both nuclear and chloroplast trees recovers a mid- to late-Pleistocene date for most inferred hybridization events, a timeframe concomitant with repeated geographic range restriction into overlapping refugia. Our results indicate an important role for past episodes of climate change, and the contrasting responses of species with differing ecological strategies, in generating novel patterns of range contact among plant communities and therefore new opportunities for hybridization. The new ancestral niche method flexibly models the shape of niche while incorporating diverse sources of uncertainty and will be an important addition to the current comparative methods toolkit.</p>
Geographic distribution change and climatic niche change of Odonates in Great Britain
<p>Species are largely thought to maintain broadly static niches over time, an assumption underpinning much theoretical ecology including the implementation of ecological models to project species' current and future distributions. Here, we assess niche conservatism in odonates in Great Britain over the past six decades by simultaneously quantifying changes in species geographic distribution and evaluating temporal trends in species realised climatic niche.</p>
Online electronic material for: Macroevolutionary dynamics of climatic niche space
<p><span>How and why lineages evolve along niche space as they diversify and adapt to different environments is fundamental to evolution. Progress has been hampered by the difficulties of linking a robust empirical characterization of species niches with flexible evolutionary models that describe their evolution. Consequently, the relative influence of abiotic and biotic factors remains poorly understood. Here we characterize species' two-dimensional temperature and precipitation niche space occupied (i.e., species niche envelope) as complex geometries and assess their evolution across all Aves using a model that captures heterogeneous evolutionary rates on time-calibrated phylogenies. We find that extant birds coevolved from warm, mesic climatic niches into colder and drier environments and responded to the K-Pg boundary with a dramatic increase in disparity. Contrary to expectations of subsiding rates of niche evolution, our results show that overall rates have increased steadily, with some lineages experiencing exceptionally high evolutionary rates, associated with colonization of novel niche spaces, and others showing niche stasis. Both competition- and environmental change-driven niche evolution transpire and result in highly heterogeneous rates near the present. Our findings highlight the growing ecological and conservation insights arising from model-based integration of comprehensive environmental and phylogenetic information.</span></p>
Climatic niche conservatism in a clade of disease vectors (Diptera: Phlebotominae)
<p>Sandflies of the family Psychodidae show notable diversity in both disease vector status and climatic niche. Psychodid species' ranges can be solely tropical, confined to the temperate zones, or span both. We obtained observation site data, and associated climate data, for 223 psychodid species to understand which aspects of climate most closely predict distribution. Temperature and seasonality are strong determinants of species occurrence within the clade. We built a mitochondrial DNA phylogeny of Psychodidae, and found a positive relationship between pairwise genetic distance and climate niche differentiation, which indicates strong niche conservatism. This result is also supported by strong phylogenetic signals of metrics of climate differentiation. Finally, we used ancestral trait reconstruction to infer the tropicality (i.e., proportion of latitudinal range in the tropics minus the proportion of the latitudinal range in temperate areas) of ancestral species, and counted transitions to and from tropicality states, finding that tropical and temperate species respectively produced almost entirely tropical and temperate descendant species, a result consistent for vector and non-vector species. Taken together, these results imply that while vectors of Leishmania can survive in a variety of climates, their climate niches are strongly predicted by phylogeny.</p>
Comparing climatic suitability and niche distances to explain populations responses to extreme climatic events
<p><span>Habitat suitability calculated from Species Distribution Models (SDMs) has been used to assess population performance, but empirical studies have provided weak or inconclusive support to this approach. Novel approaches measuring population distances to niche centroid and margin in environmental space have been recently proposed to explain population performance, particularly when populations experience exceptional environmental conditions that may place them outside of the species niche. Here, we use data of co-occurring species' decay, gathered after an extreme drought event occurring in the SE of the Iberian Peninsula which highly affected rich semiarid shrubland communities, to compare the relationship between population decay (mortality and remaining green canopy) and (1) distances between populations' location and species niche margin and centroid in the environmental space, and (2) climatic suitability estimated from frequently used SDMs (here MaxEnt) considering both the extreme climatic episode and the average reference climatic period before this. We found that both SDMs-derived suitability and distances to species niche properly predict populations performance when considering the reference climatic period; but climatic suitability failed to predict performance considering the extreme climate period. In addition, while distance to niche margins accurately predict both mortality and remaining green canopy responses, centroid distances failed to explain mortality, suggesting that indexes containing information about the position to niche margin (inside or outside) are better to predict binary responses. We conclude that the location of populations in the environmental space is consistent with performance responses to extreme drought. Niche distances appear to be a more efficient approach than the use of climate suitability indices derived from more frequently used SDMs to explain population performance when dealing with environmental conditions that are located outside the species environmental niche. The use of this alternative metrics may be particularly useful when designing</span><span> conservation measures to mitigate impacts of shifting environmental conditions.</span></p>
Fig. 1 in Climatic niche defines geographical distribution of Mesobuthus eupeus mongolicus (Scorpiones: Buthidae) in Gobi desert
Fig. 1. Geographic and climatic features for the occurrence sites of Mesobuthus eupeus mongolicus and its suitable distributional areas predicted by ecological niche modeling. A. Field surveying sites (camping sites and stopovers) in Mongolia (dots) and occurrence points (crosses) of M. eupeus mongolicus is projected on the physical map of studied region. B. Scorpion occurring sites is projected on the map of Köppen-Geiger climatic classification. BWk: arid, desert, cold; BSk: arid, steppe, cold; Df(a-c): cold, without dry season; Dw(a-c) cold, dry winter; EF: polar, frost; ET: polar, tundra. C. Suitable distributional areas (red) predicted with MaxEnt basing on 98 presence-only data for M. eupeus mongolicus.
Fig. 2 in Climatic niche, natural history, and conservation status of the Porthole Treefrog, Charadrahyla taeniopus (Günther, 1901) (Anura: Hylidae) in Mexico
Fig. 2. Current (A), and future 2050 (B) and 2070 (C) scenarios of the climatic niche of Charadrahyla taeniopus in Sierra Madre Oriental province (degraded area). The color scale indicates the probability of occupancy for the species.
Fig. 1 in Climatic niche, natural history, and conservation status of the Porthole Treefrog, Charadrahyla taeniopus (Günther, 1901) (Anura: Hylidae) in Mexico
Fig. 1. Female individual of Charadrahyla taeniopus (A) in a cloud forest and (B) at Tenango de Doria, Hidalgo, Mexico. Photos by Uriel Hernández-Salinas (A) and Raciel Cruz-Elizalde (B).
Рис. 6. МоΔеΛирование экоΛогических ниш коΛораΔского жука ΔΛя ΔаΛьневосточного, европейского и североамериканского ареаΛов метоΔом метрического Δвухмерного шкаΛирования с применением коэффициента Жаккара Fig. 6. Models of ecological niches of the Colorado potato beetle for the Far Eastern, European, and North-American habitats (metric multidimensional scaling, Jaccard index) in Comparative characterization of the ecology of native (Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata) and invasive (Leptinoatrsa decemlineata) species under the conditions of the monsoon climate in the southern part of the Russian Far East
Рис. 6. МоΔеΛирование экоΛогических ниш коΛораΔского жука ΔΛя ΔаΛьневосточного, европейского и североамериканского ареаΛов метоΔом метрического Δвухмерного шкаΛирования с применением коэффициента Жаккара Fig. 6. Models of ecological niches of the Colorado potato beetle for the Far Eastern, European, and North-American habitats (metric multidimensional scaling, Jaccard index)
Figure 1 in Climatic preferences and distribution of 6 evolutionary lineages of Typhlops vermicularis Merrem, 1820 in Turkey using ecological niche modeling
Figure 1. Important mountain chains of Anatolia and ecological niche modeling of T. vermicularis in Turkey under current climatic conditions.
Figure 3 in Climatic preferences and distribution of 6 evolutionary lineages of Typhlops vermicularis Merrem, 1820 in Turkey using ecological niche modeling
Figure 3. Predicted models of lineages G, H, and I according to Last Interglacial (LIG) and Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; CCSM and MIROC) (4, 4A, 4B, 4C for lineage G; 5, 5A, 5B, 5C for lineage H; 6, 6A, 6B, 6C for lineage I).
Figure 2 in Climatic preferences and distribution of 6 evolutionary lineages of Typhlops vermicularis Merrem, 1820 in Turkey using ecological niche modeling
Figure 2. Predicted models of lineages B, C, and E according to Last Interglacial (LIG) and Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; CCSM and MIROC) (1, 1A, 1B, 1C for lineage B; 2, 2A, 2B, 2C for lineage C; 3, 3A, 3B, 3C for lineage E).
Figure 7 in Environmental niche modelling of the Chinese pond mussel invasion in Europe under climate change scenarios
Figure 7. Map of potential invasion range of S. woodiana in Europe under the RCP 8.5 climate change scenario at 2080-2100: green filling indicates areas defined as suitable using minimum presence (MP) threshold; orange filling indicates areas defined as suitable using 10th percentile presence (10P) threshold. Black dots indicate species record used for SDM.
Figure 6 in Environmental niche modelling of the Chinese pond mussel invasion in Europe under climate change scenarios
Figure 6. Map of potential invasion range of S. woodiana in Europe under the RCP 4.5 climate change scenario at 2080-2100: green filling indicates areas defined as suitable using minimum presence (MP) threshold; orange filling indicates areas defined as suitable using 10th percentile presence (10P) threshold. Black dots indicate species record used for SDM.
Figure 4 in Environmental niche modelling of the Chinese pond mussel invasion in Europe under climate change scenarios
Figure 4. Response curves of the environmental variables selected for prediction of S. woodiana distribution under the RCP 8.5 scenario. Each curve (green line) shows how the logistic prediction changes as each environmental variable is varied. The orange dashed line crosses the maximum value of the variable.
Figure 5 in Environmental niche modelling of the Chinese pond mussel invasion in Europe under climate change scenarios
Figure 5. Map of potential invasion range of S. woodiana in Europe under the recent climate conditions: green filling indicates areas defined as suitable using minimum presence (MP) threshold; orange filling indicates areas defined as suitable using 10th percentile presence (10P) threshold. Black dots indicate species record used for SDM.
Figure 3 in Environmental niche modelling of the Chinese pond mussel invasion in Europe under climate change scenarios
Figure 3. Response curves of the environmental variables selected for prediction of S. woodiana distribution under the RCP 4.5 scenario. Each curve (green line) shows how the logistic prediction changes as each environmental variable is varied. The orange dashed line crosses the maximum value of the variable.
Figure 1 in Environmental niche modelling of the Chinese pond mussel invasion in Europe under climate change scenarios
Figure 1. Map of records of S. woodiana in Europe obtained from GBIF database and published sources (Vikhrev et al., 2024).
Data for: Traits help explain species' performance away from their climate niche centre
<p class="MsoNormal"><em><span>Aim: </span></em><span>Climate change impacts on biota are variable across sites, among species, and throughout individual species' ranges. Niche theory predicts that population performance should decline as site climate becomes increasingly different from the species' climate niche centre, though studies find significant variation from these predictions. Here, we propose that predictions about climate responses can be improved by incorporating species' trait information. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><em><span>Location:</span></em><span> Europe</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><em><span>Methods: </span></em><span>We used observations of plant species abundance change over time to assess variation in climate difference sensitivity (CDS), defined as how species performance (colonization, extinction, and abundance change) relates to the difference of site climate from the mean temperature and precipitation of each species' range. We then investigated if leaf economics, plant size, and seed mass traits were associated with the species' climate difference sensitivity. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><em><span>Results:</span></em><span> Species that performed better (e.g., increased in abundance) towards sites progressively cooler than their niche centre were shorter and had more resource-acquisitive leaves (i.e., lower leaf dry matter content or LDMC) relative to species with zero or the opposite pattern of temperature difference sensitivity. This result supports the hypothesis that if sites cooler than niche centre are more stressful for a species, then shorter stature is advantageous compared to taller species. The LDMC result suggests the environment selects for more resource-acquisitive leaf strategies towards relatively cooler climates with shorter growing seasons, counter to expectations that conservative strategies would be favoured in such environments. We found few consistent relationships between precipitation difference sensitivities and traits. </span></p> <p><em><span>Main conclusions: </span></em><span>The results supported key <em>a priori </em>foundations on how trait-based plant strategies dictate species responses to climate variation away from their niche centre. Further, plant height emerged as the most</span><span> consistent trait that varied with species climate difference sensitivity, suggesting height will be key for theory development around species response to climate change. </span></p>
Data from: The sequential direct and indirect effects of mountain uplift, climatic niche and floral trait evolution on diversification dynamics in an Andean plant clade
<p><span>Why and how organismal lineages radiate is commonly studied through either assessing abiotic factors (biogeography, geomorphological processes, climate) or biotic factors (traits, interactions). Despite increasing awareness that both abiotic and biotic processes may have important joint effects on diversification dynamics, few attempts have been made to quantify the relative importance and timing of these factors, and their potentially interlinked direct and indirect effects, on lineage diversification.</span></p> <p><span>We here combine assessments of historical biogeography, geomorphology, climatic niche, vegetative and floral trait evolution to test whether these factors jointly, or in isolation, explain diversification dynamics of a Neotropical plant clade (Merianieae, Melastomataceae). After estimating ancestral areas and disparification over time in climate and trait space, we employ Phylogenetic Path Analyses as a synthesis tool to test eleven hypotheses on the individual direct and indirect effects of these factors on diversification rates.</span></p> <p><span>We find strongest support for interlinked effects of colonization of the uplifting Andes during the mid-Miocene and rapid abiotic climatic niche evolution in explaining a burst in diversification rate in Merianieae. Within Andean habitats, later disparification in floral trait space allowed for the exploitation of wider pollination niches (i.e., shifts from bee to vertebrate pollinators), but did not affect diversification rates. Our approach of including both vegetative and floral trait evolution, rare in assessments of plant diversification in general, highlights important pre-adaptations to mountain colonization, specifically woody habit and larger flowers. Overall, and in concert with the idea that ecological opportunity is a key element of evolutionary radiations, our results suggest that a combination of rapid niche evolution and pre-adapted traits were critical for the exploitation of newly available niche space in the Andes in the mid-Miocene. Further, our results emphasize the importance of incorporating both abiotic and biotic factors into the same analytical framework if we aim to quantify the relative and interlinked effects of these processes on diversification.</span></p>
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OpenNeuro
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