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28 results for “co-benefits”
A taxonomy to map evidence on the co-benefits, challenges, and limits of carbon dioxide removal
<p>This repository is linked to the following article:</p> <ul> <li>Prütz, R., Fuss, S., Lück, S. Stephan, L. & Rogelj, J., A taxonomy to map evidence on the co-benefits, challenges, and limits of carbon dioxide removal. <em>Commun Earth Environ</em> <strong>5</strong>, 197 (2024). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01365-z">https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01365-z</a></li> </ul> <p>This repository includes: </p> <ul> <li>The literature-based data set that was compiled and used to develop the taxonomy of carbon dioxide removal side effects</li> <li>Code to run the machine learning classifier and to process and visualise the data</li> <li>Training data and an abbreviation list which is required to run the provided code</li> </ul>
Climate co-benefits of tiger conservation
<p>This repository contains the dataset and code used in the publication 'Climate Co-benefits of Tiger Conservation' published in Nature Ecology and Evolution (https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-023-02069-x). Our study provides the first detailed appraisal of an enhanced tiger conservation policy in India and its benefits to forest protection. We demonstrate how biodiversity conservation initiatives could translate to ecosystem services, specifically additional carbon storage, and present empirical evidence at a broad geographical scale to align biodiversity conservation and climate mitigation goals. Our results suggest that there exist additional opportunities for funding the protection and restoration of species habitats through carbon offsets and valuation of ecosystem services.</p>
Landscape heterogeneity provides co-benefits to predator and prey
<p>Predator populations are imperiled globally, due in part to changing habitat and trophic interactions. Theoretical and laboratory studies suggest that heterogeneous landscapes containing prey refuges acting as source habitats can benefit both predator and prey populations, although the importance of heterogeneity in natural systems is uncertain. Here, we tested the hypothesis that landscape heterogeneity mediates predator-prey interactions between the California spotted owl (<em>Strix occidentalis occidentalis</em>) – a mature forest species – and one of its principal prey, the dusky-footed woodrat (<em>Neotoma</em> <em>fuscipes</em>) – a younger forest species – to the benefit of both. We did so by combining estimates of woodrat density and survival from live-trapping and VHF tracking with direct observations of prey deliveries to dependent young by owls in both heterogeneous and homogeneous home ranges. Woodrat abundance was approximately 2.5x higher in owl home ranges (1,412 hectares) featuring greater heterogeneity in vegetation types (1,805.0 ± 50.2 SE) compared to those dominated by mature forest (727.3 ± 51.9 SE), in large part because of high densities in young forests appearing to act as sources promoting woodrat densities in nearby mature forests. Woodrat mortality rates were low across vegetation types and did not differ between heterogeneous and homogeneous home ranges, yet all observed predation by owls occurred within mature forests, suggesting young forests may act as woodrat refuges. Owls exhibited a type 1 functional response, consuming approximately 2.5x more woodrats in heterogeneous (31.1/month ± 5.2 SE) versus homogeneous (12.7/month ± 3.7 SE) home ranges. While consumption of smaller-bodied alternative prey partially compensated for lower woodrat consumption in homogeneous home ranges, owls nevertheless consumed 30% more biomass in heterogeneous home ranges – approximately equivalent to the energetic needs of producing one additional offspring. Thus, a mosaic of vegetation types including young forest patches increased woodrat abundance and availability that, in turn, provided energetic and potentially reproductive benefits to mature forest-associated spotted owls. More broadly, our findings provide strong empirical evidence that heterogeneous landscapes containing prey refuges can benefit both predator and prey populations. As anthropogenic activities continue to homogenize landscapes globally, promoting heterogeneous systems with prey refuges may benefit imperiled predators.</p>
Landscape heterogeneity provides co-benefits to predator and prey
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Dataset for Exploring Co-benefits Between PM2.5 Control and Carbon Reduction
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Scaling up gas and electric cooking in low- and middle-income countries: Climate threat or mitigation strategy with co-benefits?
<p>Nearly three billion people in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) rely on polluting fuels, resulting in millions of avoidable deaths annually. Polluting fuels also emit short-lived climate forcers and greenhouse gases (GHGs). Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and grid-based electricity are scalable alternatives to polluting fuels but have raised climate and health concerns. Here, we compare emissions and climate impacts of a business-as-usual household cooking fuel trajectory to four large-scale transitions to gas and/or grid electricity in 77 LMICs. We account for upstream and end-use emissions from gas and electric cooking, assuming electrical grids evolve according to the 2022 World Energy Outlook's "Stated Policies" Scenario. We input the emissions into a reduced-complexity climate model to estimate radiative forcing and temperature changes associated with each scenario. We find full transitions to LPG and/or electricity decrease emissions from both well-mixed GHG and short-lived climate forcers, resulting in a roughly 5 millikelvin global temperature reduction by 2040. Transitions to LPG and/or electricity also reduce annual emissions of PM2.5 by over 6 Mt (99%) by 2040, which would substantially lower health risks from Household Air Pollution.</p>
Scaling up gas and electric cooking in low- and middle-income countries: Climate threat or mitigation strategy with co-benefits?
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Data from: Agri-environment conservation set-asides have co-benefits for connectivity
<p>Widespread declines in farmland biodiversity have led to state-funded schemes which take land out of production to create (semi-)natural habitats for biodiversity (e.g. EU agri-environment schemes; US Conservation Reserve Program). Common features of such schemes are grassland strips at the edges of agricultural fields, and we examine potential co-benefits of these biodiversity set-asides for contributing to grassland connectivity. Although set-aside strips had negligible impact on landscape-scale species persistence (using metapopulation models parameterized for flying insects run on 267 landscapes of ~30 000 ha across England), they nonetheless improved connectivity in 74% (198/267) of landscapes (comparing landscapes with and without set-asides), as shown by range expansion rates increasing by up to 100%. Benefits of set-aside strips varied according to species type (high/low dispersal, high/low population density), but had little benefit for species with low dispersal and small population sizes, which enerally failed to expand. High dispersal/high density species were already successful expanders regardless of set-asides (> 75% of simulations were successful without set-sides) although expansion rates were still improved when set-asides were added. Whilst alternative strategies for placement of set-aside strips (more/less aggregated), revealed no consensus 'better' strategy across species types, set-aside benefits were generally greatest in landscapes with intermediate availability of semi-natural grassland (0.5-4% over). We conclude that small-scale set-asides have the potential to improve connectivity, which we expect to help some species track climate change, and connect habitat patches within existing climate space for others. However, set-asides are unlikely to benefit low dispersal species which are probably at greatest risk from agricultural intensification.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Water availability drives above-ground biomass and bird richness in forest restoration plantings to achieve carbon and biodiversity co-benefits
<p>To combat global warming and biodiversity loss we require effective forest restoration that encourages recovery of species diversity and ecosystem function to deliver essential ecosystem services, such as biomass accumulation. Further, understanding how and where to undertake restoration to achieve carbon sequestration and biodiversity conservation would provide an opportunity to finance ecosystem restoration under carbon markets. We surveyed 30 native mixed-species plantings in subtropical forests and woodlands in Australia, and used structural equation modelling to determine vegetation, soil and climate variables most likely driving above-ground biomass accrual and bird richness, and investigate the relationships between plant diversity, above-ground biomass accrual and bird diversity. We focussed on woodland and forest-dependent birds, and functional groups at risk of decline (insectivorous, understorey-nesting, and small-bodied birds). We found that mean moisture availability strongly limits above-ground biomass accrual and bird richness in restoration plantings, indicating potential synergies in choosing sites for carbon and biodiversity purposes. Counter to theory, woody plant richness was a poor direct predictor of above-ground biomass accrual, but was indirectly related via significant, positive effects of stand density. We also found no direct relationship between above-ground biomass accrual and bird richness, likely because of the strong effects of moisture availability on both variables. Instead, moisture availability and patch size strongly and positively influenced the richness of woodland and forest dependent birds. For understorey-nesting birds, however, shrub cover and patch size predicted richness. Stand age or area of native vegetation surrounding the patch did not influence bird richness. Our results suggest that in subtropical biomes, planting larger patches to higher densities, ideally using a diversity of trees and shrubs (characteristics of ecological plantings) in more mesic locations will enhance the provision of carbon and biodiversity co-benefits. Further, ecological plantings will aid the rapid recovery of woodland and forest bird richness, with comparable above-ground biomass accrual to less diverse forestry plantations.</p>
Supporting Data for "Innovative reforestation mosaics on marginal land in the globally important Mata Atlântica biome can create climate and economic co-benefits"
<p>This data is related to the article "Innovative reforestation mosaics on marginal land in the globally important Mata Atlântica biome can create climate and economic co-benefits."</p>
Supplementary material 3 from: Schmidt K, Walz A (2021) Ecosystem-based adaptation to climate change through residential urban green structures: co-benefits to thermal comfort, biodiversity, carbon storage and social interaction. One Ecosystem 6: e65706. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.6.e65706
Mean values of microclimatic parameters between 9am and 9pm, based on measurements in the four courtyards (CY): CY 1: light green, CY 2: dark green, CY 3: orange, CY 4: red
Supplementary material 6 from: Schmidt K, Walz A (2021) Ecosystem-based adaptation to climate change through residential urban green structures: co-benefits to thermal comfort, biodiversity, carbon storage and social interaction. One Ecosystem 6: e65706. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.6.e65706
Results from tree mapping and allometric equations, indicating above-ground biomass and carbon stocks
Supplementary material 5 from: Schmidt K, Walz A (2021) Ecosystem-based adaptation to climate change through residential urban green structures: co-benefits to thermal comfort, biodiversity, carbon storage and social interaction. One Ecosystem 6: e65706. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.6.e65706
Results from habitat mapping and biodiversity scores. Domin values = 1: < 4% cover with few individuals; 2: < 4% with several individuals; 3: < 4% with many individuals; 4: 4–10%; 5: 11–25%; 6: 26–33%; 7: 34–50%; 8: 51–75%; 9: 76–90%; 10: 91–100% cover
Enhanced Weathering Using Basalt Rock Powder: Carbon Sequestration, Co-benefits and Risks in a Mesocosm Study With Solanum tuberosum data
<p>Dataset used in the work: Enhanced Weathering Using Basalt Rock Powder: Carbon Sequestration,Co-benefits and Risks in a<br> Mesocosm Study With Solanum tuberosum</p> <p><br> authors: <br> Arthur Vienne, Silvia Poblador , Miguel Portillo-Estrada, Jens Hartmann,<br> Samuel Ijiehon, Peter Wadeand Sara Vicca</p>
Dataset for Co-benefit of forestation on ozone air quality and carbon storage in South China
<p>This folder includes three folders:</p> <p>The "Concentration_ppbv" folder includes hourly surface ozone (O3) concentrations (unit: ppbv) for April, July, and October 2015 from WRF-Chem simulations (one BASE simulation and ten sensitivity simulations as stated in Method).</p> <p>The "Concentration_ugm-3" folder includes hourly surface ozone (O3) concentrations (unit: ug/m3) for April, July, and October 2015 from WRF-Chem simulations (one BASE simulation and ten sensitivity simulations).</p> <p>The "GPP_damage" folder includes gross primary productivity (GPP) for the year 2015 from YIBs simulations. GGP_0, GPP_L, and GPP_H are results with no ozone damage, with low ozone damage, and with high ozone damage, respectively.</p> <p>Ten sensitivity simulations: Pre-greening, Canopy (Turbulence), Deposition, Emission, LAI2030, SSP126, SSP370, SSP126LAI2030, SSP370LAI2030, LAI2050.</p> <p>For any questions, please contact Zehui Liu<br>Email: liuzh18@pku.edu.cn</p> <p> </p>
Co-benefits of forest carbon projects in Southeast Asia
<p>This dataset contains the output rasters produced to determine the climate mitigation potential, crop pollination service for pollinator-dependent agriculture, quantity of nitrogen retained and Key Biodiversity Areas conserved at the various carbon price points, namely USD 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 50 and 100 t<sup>-1</sup> CO<sub>2</sub>e across Southeast Asia. All data are masked to forest areas determined across the region at 1 km resolution, based on a cylindrical equal area projection.</p> <p>We also determined locations across the region where forest protections would deliver multiple benefits through a spatial overlay. Areas identified to contribute any level of co-benefit were coded 1 to 3, indicating the number of co-benefits that could be attained in addition to climate mitigation from avoided forest loss, assessed for each price point.</p> <p>Further details of the datasets can be found in Sarira et. al. </p> <p>For further questions or issues with the datasets, please contact Tasya Vadya Sarira at <a href="mailto:tasya.sarira@adelaide.edu.au">tasya.sarira@adelaide.edu.au</a>.</p>
Data from: Optimizing carbon storage and biodiversity co-benefits in reforested riparian zones
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Data from: Agri-environment conservation set-asides have co-benefits for connectivity
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Water availability drives above-ground biomass and bird richness in forest restoration plantings to achieve carbon and biodiversity co-benefits
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Code and data used in "Health co-benefits of sub-national renewable energy policy in the US"
<p>Archive of modeling, inputs, and results.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.