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351 results for “cognitive decline”
Effects of brain maintenance and cognitive reserve on age-related decline in three cognitive abilities
<p><strong>Objectives </strong></p> <p>Age-related cognitive changes can be influenced by both brain maintenance (BM), which refers to the relative absence over time of changes in neural resources or neuropathologic changes, and cognitive reserve (CR), which encompasses brain processes that allow for better-than-expected behavioral performance given the degree of life-course related brain changes. This study evaluated the effects of age, BM, and CR on longitudinal changes over two visits, 5 years apart, in three cognitive abilities that capture most of age-related variability.</p> <p><strong>Method </strong></p> <p>Participants included 254 healthy adults aged 20–80 years at recruitment. Potential BM was estimated using whole brain cortical thickness and white matter mean diffusivity at both visits. Education and IQ (estimated with AMNART) were tested as moderating factors for cognitive changes in the three cognitive abilities.</p> <p><strong> Results </strong></p> <p>Consistent with BM—after accounting for age, sex, and baseline performance—individual differences in the preservation of mean diffusivity and cortical thickness were independently associated with relative preservation in the three abilities. Consistent with CR—after accounting for age, sex, baseline performance, and structural brain changes—higher IQ, but not education, was associated with reduced 5-year decline in Reasoning (𝛽=0.387, p=0.002), and education was associated with reduced decline in Speed (𝛽=0.237, p=0.039). <strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Discussion</strong></p> <p>These results demonstrate that both CR and BM can moderate cognitive changes in healthy aging and that the two mechanisms can make differential contributions to preserved cognition.</p>
Memantine for Prevention of Cognitive Decline in Patients With Breast Cancer
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04033419. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Multicultural Healthy Diet to Reduce Cognitive Decline
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03240406. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Effects of brain maintenance and cognitive reserve on age-related decline in three cognitive abilities
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Genetic variants beyond amyloid and tau associated cognitive decline: a cohort study
<p>Objective: To identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with cognitive decline independent of amyloid &[beta] (A&[beta]) and tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods: Discovery and replication datasets consisting of 414 subjects (94 cognitively normal control [CN), 185 with mild cognitive impairment [MCI], and 135 AD) and 72 subjects (22 CN, 39 MCI, and 11 AD), respectively, were obtained from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database. Genome-wide association analysis was conducted to identify SNPs associated with individual cognitive function (measured using the MMSE and ADAS-cog) while controlling for the level of A&[beta] and tau (measured as CSF p-tau/A&[beta]1-42). Gene ontology analysis was performed on SNP associated genes.</p> <p>Results: We identified one significant (rs55906536, &[beta]=-1.91,standard error 0.34, P =4.07×10<sup>-8</sup>) and four suggestive variants on chromosome 6, which were associated with poorer cognitive function. Congruent results were found in the replication data. A structural equation model showed that the identified SNP deteriorated cognitive function partially through cortical thinning of the brain in a region-specific manner. Furthermore, a bioinformatics analysis showed that the identified SNPs were associated with genes related to glutathione metabolism.</p> <p>Conclusions: In this study, we identified SNPs related to cognitive decline, in a manner which could not be explained by A&[beta] and tau levels. Our findings provide insight into the complexity of AD pathogenesis and support the growing literature on the role of glutathione in AD. This study suggests anti-oxidative agents may serve therapeutic for AD subjects with the identified SNPs.</p>
An investigation of antihypertensive class, dementia, and cognitive decline
Objective High blood pressure is one of the main modifiable risk factors for dementia. However, there is conflicting evidence regarding the best antihypertensive class for optimising cognition. Our objective was to determine whether any particular class of antihypertensive was associated with a reduced risk of cognitive decline or dementia using comprehensive meta-analysis including reanalysis of original participant data. Methods To identify suitable studies MEDLINE, Embase and PsycINFO® and pre-existing study consortia were searched from inception to December 2017. Authors of prospective longitudinal human studies or trials of antihypertensives were contacted for data-sharing and collaboration. Outcome measures were incident dementia or incident cognitive decline (classified using the reliable change index method). Data were separated into mid and late-life (>65 years) and each antihypertensive class was compared to no treatment and to treatment with other antihypertensives. Meta-analysis was used to synthesize data. Results Over 50,000 participants from 27 studies were included. Among those aged >65 years, with the exception of diuretics, we found no relationship by class with incident cognitive decline or dementia. Diuretic use was suggestive of benefit in some analyses but results were not consistent across follow-up time, comparator group and outcome. Limited data precluded meaningful analyses in those ≤65 years. Conclusions Our findings, drawn from the current evidence base, support clinical freedom in the selection of antihypertensive regimens to achieve blood pressure goals.
Resistance to cognitive decline by participants in levodopa/carbidopa (LA/CA)- exposed and LA/CA-naive samples
<p>Kaplan-Meier analysis for events of cognitive decline by subjects with (A) NC and (B) MCI. More details in 'Sárkány Z, Damásio J, Macedo-Ribeiro S, Martins PM. Association between the use of levodopa/carbidopa and the disease outcomes included in the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set. MedRxiv; 2024, doi.org/10.1101/2024.12.04.24318183'.</p> <p> </p>
Data for: General cognitive performance declines with female age and is negatively related to fledging success in a wild bird
<p class="Affiliation"><span>Identifying the causes and fitness consequences of intraspecific variation in cognitive performance is fundamental to understand how cognition evolves. Selection may act on different cognitive traits separately or jointly as part of the general cognitive performance of the individual. To date, few studies have examined simultaneously whether individual cognitive performance covaries across different cognitive tasks, the relative importance of individual and social attributes in determining cognitive variation, and its fitness consequences in the wild. Here, we tested 38 wild southern pied babblers (</span><em><span>Turdoides bicolor</span></em><span>) on a cognitive test battery targeting associative learning, reversal learning and inhibitory control. We found that a single factor explained 59.5% of the variation in individual cognitive performance across tasks, suggestive of a general cognitive factor. General cognitive performance varied by age and sex; declining with age in females but not males. Older females also tended to produce a higher average number of fledglings per year compared to younger females. Analysing over 10 years of breeding data, we found that individuals with lower general cognitive performance produced more fledglings per year. Collectively, our findings support the existence of a trade-off between cognitive performance and reproductive success in a wild bird. </span></p>
Cognitive Decline and Alzheimer's Disease in the Dallas Lifespan Brain Study
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04080544. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 15.
Impact of Anticoagulation Therapy on the Cognitive Decline and Dementia in Patients With Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03061006. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Effectiveness of TeleVR App in Cognitive Decline and MCI Patients
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06793735. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Remediation of Age-related Cognitive Decline: Vortioxetine and Cognitive Training
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03272711. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 5.
Impact of Lifestyle Interventions on Cognitive Decline in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07294963. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Preventing Cognitive Decline: The CITA GO-ON Multi-domain Intervention Study
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04840030. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Preventing Cognitive Decline in African Americans With Mild Cognitive Impairment
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01299766. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 5.
Happy Older Latinos Are Active - Cognitive Decline
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04791709. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Comparative Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Rivastigmine 10 and 15 cm^2 Patch in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease (AD) Showing Cognitive Decline
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00506415. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 7. Publications: 2.
A Large Randomized Trial of Vitamin D, Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cognitive Decline
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01669915. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Clinical and Biological Effects of Citrus-phytochemicals in Subjective Cognitive Decline.
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04744922. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 15.
Leukotriene A4 hydrolase inhibition improves age related cognitive decline via modulation of synaptic function (Part 2/2)
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Allen Brain Atlas
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The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.