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24 results for “cognitive evolution”
Cognition-mediated Evolution of Low-Quality Floral Nectars
<p>Data from virtual selection experiments, in which real or virtual nectar-feeding bats visited artificial or virtual flowers, exerting selection on their nectar traits.</p> <p> </p>
Data and R code from: Modelling the evolution of cognitive styles
Background <p>Individuals consistently differ in behaviour, exhibiting so-called personalities. In many species, individuals differ also in their cognitive abilities. When personalities and cognitive abilities occur in distinct combinations, they can be described as 'cognitive styles'. Both empirical and theoretical investigations produced contradicting or mixed results regarding the complex interplay between cognitive styles and environmental conditions.</p> Results <p>Here we use individual-based simulations to show that, under just slightly different environmental conditions, different cognitive styles exist and under a variety of conditions, can also co-exist. Co-existences are based on individual specialization on different resources, or, more generally speaking, on individuals adopting different niches or microhabitats.</p> Conclusions <p>The results presented here suggest that in many species, individuals of the same population may adopt different cognitive styles. Thereby the present study may help to explain the variety of styles described in previous studies and why different, sometimes contradicting, results have been found under similar conditions.</p>
Exploring the interplay between natural and intersexual selection on the evolution of a cognitive trait
<p><span>There has been an increased focus on the role of natural and sexual selection in shaping cognitive abilities, but the importance of the interaction between both forces remain largely unknown. Intersexual selection through female mate choice might be an important driver of the evolution of cognitive traits, especially in monogamous species, where females may obtain direct fitness benefits by choosing mates with better cognitive abilities. However, the importance given by females to male cognitive traits might vary among species and/or populations according to their life-history traits and ecology. To disentangle the effects of natural and sexual selection, here we use an agent-based simulation model and compare the model's predictions when females mate with the first randomly encountered male (i.e. under natural selection) versus when they choose among males based on their cognitive trait values (i.e. under natural and intersexual selection). Males and females are characterized, respectively, by their problem-solving ability and assessment strategy. At each generation, agents go through (1) a choosing phase during which females assess the cognitive abilities of potential mates until eventually finding an acceptable one, and (2) a reproductive phase during which all males compete for limited resources that are exploited at a rate which depends on their cognitive abilities. Because males provide paternal care, the foraging success of mated males determines the breeding success of the pair through its effect on nestling provisioning efficiency. The model predicts that intersexual selection plays a major role in most ecological conditions, by either reinforcing or acting against the effect of natural selection. The latter case occurs under harsh environmental conditions, where intersexual selection contributes to maintaining cognitive diversity. Our findings thus demonstrate the importance of considering the interaction between both selective forces and highlight the need to build a conceptual framework to target relevant cognitive traits.</span></p>
Data from: The evolution of cognitive control in lemurs
<p>Cognitive control, or executive function, is a key feature of human cognition, allowing individuals to plan, acquire new information, or adopt new strategies when the circumstances change. Yet it is unclear which factors promote the evolution of more sophisticated executive function abilities like those possessed by humans. Examining cognitive control in non-human primates, our closest relatives, can help to identify these evolutionary processes. Here we developed a novel battery to experimentally measure multiple aspects of cognitive control in primates: temporal discounting, motor inhibition, short-term memory, reversal learning, novelty responses, and persistence. We tested lemur species with targeted, independent variation in both ecological and social features (ruffed lemurs, Coquerel's sifakas, ring-tailed lemurs and mongoose lemurs, N = 39 lemurs), and found that ecological rather than social characteristics best predicted patterns of cognitive control across these species. This highlights the importance of integrating cognitive data with species' natural history to understand the origins of complex cognition.</p>
Data from: The evolution of cognitive control in lemurs
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Exploring the interplay between natural and intersexual selection on the evolution of a cognitive trait
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Data and R code from: Modelling the evolution of cognitive styles
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Data from: The Victoria West: earliest prepared core technology in the Acheulean at Canteen Kopje and implications for the cognitive evolution of early hominids
Prepared core technology illustrates in-depth planning and the presence of a mental template during the core reduction process. This technology is, therefore, a significant indicator in studying the evolution of abstract thought and the cognitive abilities of hominids. Here, we report on Victoria West cores excavated from the Canteen Kopje site in central South Africa, with a preliminary age estimate of approximately 1 Ma (million years ago) for these cores. Technological analysis shows that the Victoria West cores bear similarities to the 'Volumetric Concept' as defined for the Levallois, a popular and widely distributed prepared core technology from at least 200 ka (thousand years ago). Although these similarities are present, several notable differences also occur that make the Victoria West a unique and distinctive prepared core technology; these are: elongated and convergent core shapes, consistent blow directions for flake removal, a predominance of large side-struck flakes, and the use of these flakes to make Acheulean large cutting tools. This innovative core reduction strategy at Canteen Kopje extends the roots of prepared core technology to the latter part of the Early Acheulean and clearly demonstrates an increase in the cognitive abilities and complexities of hominids in this time period.
Vascular Alteration and Evolution of Cognitive Impairment
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01351961. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
PRedicting the EVolution of SubjectIvE Cognitive Decline to Alzheimer's Disease With Machine Learning
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05569083. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 14.
Data from: The Victoria West: earliest prepared core technology in the Acheulean at Canteen Kopje and implications for the cognitive evolution of early hominids
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Data from: Sexual selection and the evolution of male and female cognition: a test using experimental evolution in seed beetles
The mating system is thought to be important in shaping animal intelligence and sexual selection has been depicted as a driver of cognitive evolution, either directly by promoting superior cognitive ability during mate competition, or indirectly via genic capture of sexually selected traits. However, it remains unclear if intensified sexual selection leads to general improvements in cognitive abilities. Here, we evaluated this hypothesis by applying experimental evolution in seed beetles. Replicate lines, maintained for 35 generations of either enforced monogamy (eliminating sexual selection) or polygamy, were challenged to locate and discriminate among mates (male assays) or host seeds (female assays) in a spatial chemo-sensory learning task. All lines displayed learning between trials. Moreover, polygamous males outperformed monogamous males, providing evidence that sexual selection can lead to the evolution of improved male cognition. However, there were no differences between regimes in rates of male learning, and polygamous females showed no improvement in host search and even signs of reduced learning. Hence, sexual selection increased performance in cognitively demanding mate search, but it did not lead to general increases in cognitive abilities. We discuss the possibility that sexually antagonistic selection is an important factor maintaining abundant genetic variation in cognitive traits.
Effectiveness of Meta-Cognitive Training (EMC) in People With Psychosis of Brief Evolution.
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02340559. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 0. Publications: 1.
Data from: Experimental evolution of slowed cognitive aging in Drosophila melanogaster
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Data from: Sexual selection and the evolution of male and female cognition: a test using experimental evolution in seed beetles
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Description of the Evolution of a Cohort of Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Following Their Participation in Therapeutic Education Program Based on Social Cognitive Theory: Socio-cognitive Profile, P
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02859818. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Gait Characteristics and Cognitive Evolution in Parkinson Disease
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04297800. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Cognitive Evolution in Tysabri Treated Multiple Sclerosis Patients - A Three Year Extension
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02383550. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Influence of Oxidative Stress and Nutrition Biomarkers on the Cognitive Decline Evolution in Alzheimer Disease
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02800395. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Evaluation of the Impact of Medium-chain Fatty Acids in the Evolution of Newly Diagnosed Mild Cognitive Impairment
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06951932. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.