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26 results for “cohabitation”
Setting files from: Spatially explicit paleogenomic simulations support cohabitation with limited admixture between Bronze Age Central European populations.
<p><strong>Simulated Data and Custom Scripts</strong></p> <p>This dataset release permits to simulate the expansion of populations from the Pontic Steppes to Central Europe with the version of SPLATCHE3 which is included. There are 2 main zipped folders: i) the one called "SPLATCHE3executableAndSettings" contains a "ReadMe.txt" file that contains all required information to make the simulations: the resulting ".prop" file contains proportions of genomic ancestry of the P2 layer, ancestry from P1 layer is equal to 1-(proportion from P2) ; ii) the other one called "HowToMakeFigure2" contains the R script and the tables necessary to reproduce Figure 2. See Rio J, Quilodrán CS & Currat M., Communications Biology (2021), for background.</p> <p><strong>Acknowledgments</strong></p> <p>This project was financially supported by the Swiss National Research Foundation grants n° 31003A_182577 to MC and n° P400PB_183930 to CQ, as well as the IGE3 Student Salary Award to JR.</p>
Fig. 6 in Prevalence and gross pathology of liver fluke in macropods cohabiting livestock farms in north eastern NSW, Australia, and diagnosis using cELISA
Fig. 6. Livestock farms in the Northern Tablelands region of NSW, Australia, with Macropods harbouring liver fluke infections (December 2018–June 2021).
Fig. 5 in Prevalence and gross pathology of liver fluke in macropods cohabiting livestock farms in north eastern NSW, Australia, and diagnosis using cELISA
Fig. 5. Scatter plot of Fasciola hepatica coproantigen concentration (optical density, 450 nm) and total fluke count in Macropods.
Fig. 4. A in Prevalence and gross pathology of liver fluke in macropods cohabiting livestock farms in north eastern NSW, Australia, and diagnosis using cELISA
Fig. 4. A. Common wallaroo liver (visceral surface) with prominent fibrotic capsules. B. Liver cross-section of fibrous capsules. C. Eastern grey kangaroo liver (visceral surface) with irregular form, hepatomegaly, fibrotic lesions and bile duct hyperplasia. D. Necrotic tracks generated by immature fluke. E. Immature fluke (mm).
Fig. 3. Rainfall and temperature data throughout 2019–2020 in Prevalence and gross pathology of liver fluke in macropods cohabiting livestock farms in north eastern NSW, Australia, and diagnosis using cELISA
Fig. 3. Rainfall and temperature data throughout 2019–2020 recorded at the Armidale airport NSW, Australia (Australian Government of Bureau of Meteorology, 2019, 2020).
Fig. 1 in Prevalence and gross pathology of liver fluke in macropods cohabiting livestock farms in north eastern NSW, Australia, and diagnosis using cELISA
Fig. 1. Geographical location of livestock farms (A–G) surveyed in the Northern Tablelands region of NSW, Australia, to assess liver fluke prevalence in Macropods (ArcGIS 10.4.1 software, 2018).
Fig. 2 in Prevalence and gross pathology of liver fluke in macropods cohabiting livestock farms in north eastern NSW, Australia, and diagnosis using cELISA
Fig. 2. Liver fluke prevalence in Macropods (infected/total sampled) cohabiting farms in the Northern Tablelands region of NSW, Australia. Number of farms by risk site: low – 2 farms, medium – 3 farms, high – 2 farms.
Data from: Patch size drives colonization by aquatic insects, with minor priority effects of a cohabitant
<p>Patch size is one of the most important factors affecting the distribution and abundance of species, and recent research has shown that patch size is an important niche dimension affecting community structure in aquatic insects. Building on this result, we examined the impact of patch size in conjunction with presence of larval anurans on colonization by aquatic insects. Hyla chrysoscelis (Cope's gray treefrog) larvae are abundant and early colonists in fishless lentic habitats, and these larvae can fill multiple ecological roles. By establishing larvae in mesocosms prior to colonization, we were able to assess if H. chrysoscelis larvae have priority effects on aquatic insect assemblages. We conducted a series of three experiments in naturally-colonized experimental landscapes to test whether (1) H. chrysoscelis larval density affects insect colonization, (2) variation in patch size affects insect colonization, and (3) the presence and larval density of H. chrysoscelis shifts colonization of insects between patches of different size. Larval density independently had almost no effect on colonization, while patch size had species-specific effects consistent with prior work. When larvae and patch size were tested in conjunction, patch size had numerous, often strong, species-specific effects on colonization; larval density had effects largely limited to the assemblages of colonizing beetles and water bugs, with few effects on individual species. Higher larval densities in large mesocosms shifted some insect colonization to smaller patches, resulting in higher beta diversity among small patches in proximity to high density large mesocosms. This indicates establishing H. chrysoscelis larvae prior to insect colonization can likely create priority effects that slightly shape insect communities. Our results support the importance of patch size in studying species abundances and distributions, and also indicate that colonization order plays an important role in determining the communities found within habitat patches.</p>
Figure 1 in Cohabitation and mating by Brettus cingulatus (Araneae: Salticidae: Spartaeini) in Karnataka
Figure 1 (continued on next page). Sequential (1-23) frames selected from 25fps video clips of the courting male and female Brettus cingulatus. 1-2, Frames from a 75s clip showing the male watching the female as she completed her moult. 3-8, Frames from a 130s clip showing the male advancing toward the female after her moult. Photographs copyright © by M. Jithesh Pai.
Figure 1 in Cohabitation and mating by Brettus cingulatus (Araneae: Salticidae: Spartaeini) in Karnataka
Figure 1 (continued from previous page). Sequential (1-23) frames selected from 25fps video clips of the courting male and female Brettus cingulatus. 9-23, Frames from a 219s clip showing relative positions of the male and female as the male advanced to contact the female and assume a mating position. Photographs copyright © by M. Jithesh Pai.
Figure 2 in Growth, maximum daily ration and intraspecific cohabitation of the moray Gymnothorax polyuranodon (Muraenidae) in a freshwater aquarium
Figure 2. – Mean (± standard error) monthly water temperature in the aquarium in 2010.
Patch size drives colonization by aquatic insects, with minor priority effects of a cohabitant
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Les lucioles Luciola italica ont été introduites au Parc Bourget en 1940 par le Dr Henri Faes: «Durant nos voyages d'études dans le Tessin et les vallées méridionales des Grisons, nous avions souvent été charmés par le vol des lucioles qui sillonnent l'air d'innombrables traits de feu illuminant les chaudes soirées de juin» (Faes H. 1941. Bulletin de la Société vaudoise des Sciences naturelles 61: 451–452). Plus de 70 ans plus tard, la population est toujours pré- sente et cohabite avec les innombrables promeneurs et visiteurs du parc. (Photo Stève Breitenmoser) in Société Vaudoise D'Entomologie (Sve) Rapport D'Activités 2016
Les lucioles Luciola italica ont été introduites au Parc Bourget en 1940 par le Dr Henri Faes: «Durant nos voyages d'études dans le Tessin et les vallées méridionales des Grisons, nous avions souvent été charmés par le vol des lucioles qui sillonnent l'air d'innombrables traits de feu illuminant les chaudes soirées de juin» (Faes H. 1941. Bulletin de la Société vaudoise des Sciences naturelles 61: 451–452). Plus de 70 ans plus tard, la population est toujours pré- sente et cohabite avec les innombrables promeneurs et visiteurs du parc. (Photo Stève Breitenmoser)
Data from: Big wigs and small wigs: Time, sex, size and shelter affect cohabitation in the maritime earwig (Anisolabis maritima)
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Cohabitation of slow and moderate-sized earthquakes in blueschist-facies linked to fault microstructure and rheology
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Data from: Cohabitation with farm animals rather than breeding effort increases the infection with feather-associated bacteria in the barn swallow Hirundo rustica
Feather-associated bacteria are widespread inhabitants of avian plumage. However, the determinants of the between-individual variation in plumage bacterial loads are less well understood. Infection intensities can be determined by ecological factors, such as breeding habitat, and can be actively regulated by hosts via preening. Preening, yet, is a resource intensive activity, and thus might be traded-off against reproductive investment in breeding birds. Here, we studied barn swallows Hirundo rustica to assess the bacterial cost of reproduction in relation to nesting site micro-habitats. Barn swallows prefer to breed in the company of large-sized farm animals, although the presence of mammalian livestock in barns assures a warm and humid micro-climate that favours bacterial proliferation. Thus, we experimentally manipulated brood sizes of birds breeding in barns with, or without, farm animals and measured total cultivable bacteria (TCB) and feather-degrading bacteria (FDB) from the plumage. We found that the abundance of feather-associated bacteria (i.e. both TCB and FDB) in females, but not males, breeding in barns with livestock were significantly higher than in conspecifics breeding in empty barns. Plumage bacterial loads, however, were not affected by brood size manipulations in either sex. In addition, we report a negative relationship between both TCB and FDB and hatching date in females, and several sex and seasonal differences in plumage bacterial abundances. Our study is the first to show that breeding micro-habitat (i.e. livestock co-tenancy) has consequences for the abundance of feather-associated bacteria.
Data from: Social forces can impact the circadian clocks of cohabiting hamsters
A number of field and laboratory studies have shown that the social environment influences daily rhythms in numerous species. However, underlying mechanisms, including the circadian system's role, are not known. Obstacles to this research have been the inability to track and objectively analyse rhythms of individual animals housed together. Here, we employed temperature dataloggers to track individual body temperature rhythms of pairs of cohabiting male Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) in constant darkness and applied a continuous wavelet transform to determine the phase of rhythm onset before, during, and after cohabitation. Cohabitation altered the predicted trajectory of rhythm onsets in 34% of individuals, representing 58% of pairs, compared to 12% of hamsters single-housed as 'virtual pair' controls. Deviation from the predicted trajectory was by a change in circadian period (t), which tended to be asymmetric—affecting one individual of the pair in nine of 11 affected pairs—with hints that dominance might play a role. These data implicate a change in the speed of the circadian clock as one mechanism whereby social factors can alter daily rhythms. Miniature dataloggers coupled with wavelet analyses should provide powerful tools for future studies investigating the principles and mechanisms mediating social influences on daily timing.
Supplementary figure 1. Histopathological analysis of the pseudobranch tissues in Atlantic salmon following SAV3 challenge (by cohabitation) at 16 dpc showing no histological difference between (A) Control fish (non infected) and (B) SAV3-infected fish from HD group at 16 dpc.
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Figure 1. – A in Growth, maximum daily ration and intraspecific cohabitation of the moray Gymnothorax polyuranodon (Muraenidae) in a freshwater aquarium
Figure 1. – A: Rainforest stream where Gymnothorax polyuranodon was collected; B: 1200-litre aquarium in which morays were housed. C: Individual receiving antibiotic prior to (D) measuring total length and (E) weighing. F: Small, recurved maxillary and vomerine teeth. Moray feeding on (G) fish, (H) earth worm and (I) prawn. J: Individuals occasionally bit congeners, particularly immediately posterior of the gill cover or on the nape. K: Teeth marks, usually healed rapidly. L: Individuals often rested together and generally coexisted without aggression.
Figure 3. – A in Growth, maximum daily ration and intraspecific cohabitation of the moray Gymnothorax polyuranodon (Muraenidae) in a freshwater aquarium
Figure 3. – A close up of the fine abrasions resulting from intraspecific biting of Gymnothorax polyuranodon on and immediately posterior of the opercula region.
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