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opencc-zeroMar 2024View details →

Data from: Testing metabolic cold adaptation and the climatic variability hypotheses across the latitudinal range of a widespread, supratidal water beetle

Temperature significantly impacts ectotherm physiology, with thermal and metabolic traits varying with latitude but the drivers of this variation remain unclear, despite obvious consequences in the face of ongoing global change. This study explores metabolic cold adaptation (MCA) and the climatic variability hypothesis (CVH) to evaluate local adaptation and phenotypic plasticity of metabolic rates and thermal limits in two populations of the supratidal rockpool beetle Ochthebius lejolisii from localities experiencing contrasting thermal variability. Reciprocal acclimation was conducted under spring temperature regimes of both localities, incorporating local diurnal variation. Metabolic rates were measured by closed respirometry, and thermal tolerance limits estimated through thermography. In line with MCA, the northern population (colder climate) showed higher metabolic rates and Q10s at lower temperatures than the southern population. As predicted by the CVH, the southern population (more variable climate) showed higher upper thermal tolerance but only the northern population was able to acclimate upper thermal limits. This pattern suggests the existence of trade-offs in thermal adaptation in this species, likely increasing the vulnerability of populations on Mediterranean coasts to the projected increases in extreme temperatures under ongoing climate change.

Fig. 9 in Arthropod trace fossils from Eocene cold climate continental strata of King George Island, West Antarctica

Fig. 9. The lectotype of Stiaria intermedia Smith, 1909 (see also Fig. 8H), Epichnion, Old Red Sandstone, Lower Devonian, Dunure (GSE 14075), Scotland, UK. Published with permission of the British Geological Survey in Edinburgh.

Fig. 11 in Arthropod trace fossils from Eocene cold climate continental strata of King George Island, West Antarctica

Fig. 11. Hypichnial trace fossil cf. Pterichnus isp., middle–late Eocene, Mount Wawel Formation, King George Island, Antarctica, slab ZPAL Tf.8/2007.14. A. Four footprints in the series are visible in the lower left side. B. Less regular form in the lower side and the bilobate median trail of Glaciichnium australis in the upper part, which resembles the trace fossil Diplopodichnus.

Fig. 1 in Arthropod trace fossils from Eocene cold climate continental strata of King George Island, West Antarctica

Fig. 1. Map of King George Island (A) and location of the study region (B), after Birkenmajer (2002) with locality indicated (star).

Fig. 6 in Arthropod trace fossils from Eocene cold climate continental strata of King George Island, West Antarctica

Fig. 6. Arthropod trace fossil Glaciichnium australis isp. nov., middle–late Eocene, Mount Wawel Formation, King George Island, Antarctica, slab ZPAL Tf.8/2007.1. A. The holotype (redrawn in Fig. 8A), epichnion. The narrow diagonal furrows are damage scratches. B. Very irregular form running between the lower plant stems. C. Hypichnial forms preserved mostly as the double central trail resembling the trace fossil Diplopodichnus. D. Epichnial, unilobated median trails resembling the trace fossil Helminthoidichnites. Also delicate median bilobated trails are present. → Fig. 5. Arthropod trace fossil Glaciichnium australis isp. nov., resting trace, and lower plant stems on lower bedding surface, middle–late Eocene, Mount Wawel Formation, King George Island, Antarctica, slab ZPAL Tf.8/2007.8. A. General view, the long G. australis running from the base to the top shows different preservational variants. The knobs are plant stems. The resting trace (rt) in the lower part. B. Fragment of the long G. australis with thin blankets of underlying laminae covering the trace fossil. C. Fragment of the long G. australis crossed by another preserved mostly as the median trail, several cross sections of the lower plant stem. D. The resting trace (rt), several cross sections of the lower plant stem, and G. australis preserved mostly as the median trail. E. Resting trace, drawing (E1) and photograph of close view (E2).

Fig. 8 in Arthropod trace fossils from Eocene cold climate continental strata of King George Island, West Antarctica

Fig. 8. Comparison of drawings of holotype Glaciichnium australis sp. nov. (A) to Glaciichnium liebegastensis (B holotype, C), trackway of a Recent caddisfly larvae Philopotamus montanus (D), lectotype of Siskemia elegans (E), Stiaria quadripedia (F neotype, G), and lectotype of Stiaria intermedia (H). B, C from Walter (1985: fig. 4A and B, respectively); E from Walker (1985: fig. 2a, part); F from Pollard and Walker (1984: pl. 2: 2); G from Walker (1985: fig. 5a); H from Walker (1985: fig. 5c).

Fig. 7 in Arthropod trace fossils from Eocene cold climate continental strata of King George Island, West Antarctica

Fig. 7. Arthropod trace fossil Glaciichnium australis isp. nov. preserved mostly as unilobated or bilobated median trails, middle–late Eocene, Mount Wawel Formation, King George Island, Antarctica, slab ZPAL Tf.8/2007.25. A. Unilobate median trail passes into irregular trackway, produced probably in low cohesive substrate. B. A transition between unilobate and bilobate median trail. C. Unilobate and bilobate median trails as epichnial furrows. D. Hypichnial ridges, which are unilobated median trails resembling the trace fossil Helminthoidichnites.

Fig. 3 in Arthropod trace fossils from Eocene cold climate continental strata of King George Island, West Antarctica

Fig. 3. Some sedimentary and palaeobotanical features of the middle–late Eocene, Mount Wawel Formation, Martel Inlet Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctica. A. Symmetric ripple marks on surface of very fine-grained sandstone. B. Fossil plant remains of unknown affinity in cracked mudstone. C. Delicate ferns on a parting surfaces. D. Leaves of Nothofagus sp.

Fig. 4 in Arthropod trace fossils from Eocene cold climate continental strata of King George Island, West Antarctica

Fig. 4. Lower plant (reed?) stems in siltstone-sandstone slabs from of the middle–late Eocene, Mount Wawel Formation, Martel Inlet Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctica, slab ZPAL Tf.8/2007.20. A. Lower bedding-plane view with cross section of the stems (arrows) and needle-like plant detritus shallowly buried in the bed. B. Cross section of the stem in thin section showing sand-filled interior and carbonized, ribbed wall. C. Cross section of the bed with oblique stem, whose surface is carbonized. D. Cross section of a bed showing a fragment of stem with longitudinal ribbing.

Fig. 2 in Arthropod trace fossils from Eocene cold climate continental strata of King George Island, West Antarctica

Fig. 2. Location of plant and trace fossil collection area as seen from Martel Inlet, Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctica. Photograph by AG, January 2007.

Fig. 10 in Arthropod trace fossils from Eocene cold climate continental strata of King George Island, West Antarctica

Fig. 10. Recent traces (A–C) of the caddisfly larvae Philopotamus montanus (Donovan, 1813) (D), Lejowa Valley, Tatra Mountains, southern Poland.

publicApr 2025View details →

Data from: Too cold to handle: Climatic constraints on arboreal ants in temperate forests

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publicMar 2024View details →

Data from: Testing metabolic cold adaptation and the climatic variability hypotheses across the latitudinal range of a widespread, supratidal water beetle

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publicOct 2025View details →

Range-wide climate risk and adaptive potential in an iconic cold-water species (Part 2/2)

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publicOct 2025View details →

Range-wide climate risk and adaptive potential in a cold-water fish species (Part 1/2)

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opencc-zeroAug 2020View details →

Data from: They like it cold, but only in winter: climate‐mediated effects on a hibernator

<ol> <li>Variations in ambient temperature (Ta) profoundly influence energy consumption in endotherms and therefore their survival and fitness. But depending on whether endotherms are hibernating or active, the same changes in Ta may have opposing consequences for their energy consumption.</li> <li>The aim of this study was therefore to investigate how variations in Ta, occurring during hibernation and during the active period of a hibernator, affect different fitness relevant traits.</li> <li>To understand whether changes in Ta impact phenology, body mass and reproduction in a small mammalian hibernator, we analysed Ta variations and detailed capture-mark-recapture data on edible dormice (Glis glis) collected between 1993 and 2016 in South-West Germany.</li> <li>Results revealed that during hibernation a Ta increase of 1°C advanced the date of first capture after hibernation by 6 days, but only if food availability during the preceding year was low. In contrast, after years of comparatively high food availability, date of first capture was not affected by Ta, but dormice had a significantly lower body mass after emergence, if Ta during hibernation was elevated (3 to 6g per 1°C). We presume that an earlier emergence as well as a lower body mass after emergence potentially reduce the chance to survive.</li> <li>During the active period of edible dormice, mean spring Ta a did not affect the date of birth but was positively associated with litter size, potentially improving reproductive success.</li> <li>Results of this study highlight that, depending on the physiological state of a hibernator, an increase in Ta can have positive and negative effects on fitness relevant traits.</li> </ol>

opencc-zeroOct 2020View details →

Forest inventory data from Finland and Sweden for: Demographic performance of European tree species at their hot and cold climatic edges, plus ancillary climate data

1. Species range limits are thought to result from a decline in demographic performance at range edges. However, recent studies reporting contradictory patterns in species demographic performance at their edges cast doubt on our ability to predict climate change demographic impacts. To understand these inconsistent demographic responses at the edges, we need to shift the focus from geographic to climatic edges and analyse how species responses vary with climatic constraints at the edge and species' ecological strategy. 2. Here we parameterised integral projection models with climate and competition effects for 27 tree species using forest inventory data from over 90,000 plots across Europe. Our models estimate size-dependent climatic responses and evaluate their effects on two life trajectory metrics: lifespan and passage time - the time to grow to a large size. Then we predicted growth, survival, lifespan, and passage time at the hot and dry or cold and wet edges and compared them to their values at the species climatic centre to derive indices of demographic response at the edge. Using these indices, we investigated whether differences in species demographic response between hot and cold edges could be explained by their position along the climate gradient and functional traits related to their climate stress tolerance. 3. We found that at cold and wet edges of European tree species, growth and passage time were constrained, whereas at their hot and dry edges, survival and lifespan were constrained. Demographic constraints at the edge were stronger for species occurring in extreme conditions, i.e. in hot edges of hot-distributed species and cold edges of cold-distributed species. Species leaf nitrogen content was strongly linked to their demographic responses at the edge. In contrast, we found only weak links with wood density, leaf size, and xylem vulnerability to embolism. 4. Synthesis. Our study presents a more complicated picture than previously thought with demographic responses that differ between hot and cold edges. Predictions of climate change impacts should be refined to include edge and species characteristics.

opencc-zeroDec 2020View details →

Data from: Climate limitation at the cold edge – contrasting perspectives from species distribution modelling and a transplant experiment

The role of climate in determining range margins is often studied using species distribution models (SDMs), which are easily applied but have well-known limitations, e.g. due to their correlative nature and colonization and extinction time lags. Transplant experiments can give more direct information on environmental effects, but often cover small spatial and temporal scales. We simultaneously applied an SDM using high-resolution spatial predictors and an integral projection (demographic) model based on a transplant experiment at 58 sites to examine the effects of microclimate, light and soil conditions on the distribution and performance of a forest herb, Lathyrus vernus, at its cold range margin in central Sweden. In the SDM, occurrences were strongly associated with warmer climates. In contrast, only weak effects of climate were detected in the transplant experiment, whereas effects of soil conditions and light dominated. The higher contribution of climate in the SDM is likely a result from its correlation with soil quality, forest type, and potentially historic land use, which were unaccounted for in the model. Predicted habitat suitability and population growth rate, yielded by the two approaches, were not correlated across the transplant sites. We argue that the ranking of site habitat suitability is probably more reliable in the transplant experiment than in the SDM because predictors in the former better describe understory conditions, but that ranking might vary among years, e.g. due to differences in climate. Our results suggest that L. vernus is limited by soil and light rather than directly by climate at its northern range edge, where conifers dominate forests and create suboptimal conditions of soil and canopy-penetrating light. A general implication of our study is that to better understand how climate change influences range dynamics, we should not only strive to improve existing approaches but also to use multiple approaches in concert.