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2,444 results for “coloration”
Colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) absorbance from lagoon, ocean, and river sites along the Alaska Beaufort Sea coast, 2021-ongoing
Multiple water types (river, lagoon, ocean) from the North Slope of Alaska and nearshore Beaufort Sea are sampled seasonally by the Beaufort Lagoon Ecosystems LTER (BLE LTER) Core Program to investigate biogeochemical linkages between terrestrial, lagoon, and open ocean ecosystems. Water samples from multiple depths are collected during full ice cover (April), ice break-up (mid-June to early July), and open water (late July and August) periods, filtered, and analyzed for light absorption spectra within 24 hours of collection. Wavelength-specific light absorption coefficients are reported between 250 and 600 nanometers. The data is organized in "long" or "tidy" format, with columns of station, date, wavelength, and absorption. Please see included MakeColumnsAsWavelengths.R, MakeColumnsAsDates.R, and ReshapeDataInExcel.txt for some common ways to reorganize the table for further CDOM analysis. In 2022, data from 2019 were removed due to quality issues (please see revision 1 of this dataset for 2019 CDOM values). For users who may have used 2019 data from this dataset, there are additional files to inform decisions going forward. "BLE_LTER_CDOM_2019_sample_flags.csv" lists which 2019 samples are entirely unreliable, versus usable with caution. "BLE_LTER_CDOM_2021_blank_mean_sd_absorptions.csv" lists mean and standard deviations at each wavelength from all blanks taken in 2021; this is meant to give info on the instruments used and will not be updated further. Please see the methods section for more information on 2019 data.
LAGOS - Chlorophyll, TP, and water color summer epilimnetic concentrations and lake and catchment data for inland lakes in WI, MI, NY, and ME – a subset of lake data from LAGOSLimno v.1.040.1
This dataset includes lake total phosphorus (TP), true water color, and chlorophyll a (CHLa) concentrations from summer, epilimnetic water samples and is a subset of the larger LAGOS database (Lake multi-scaled geospatial and temporal database, described in Soranno et al. 2015). LAGOS compiles multiple, individual lake water chemistry datasets into an integrated database. We accessed LAGOSLIMNO version 1.040.0 for lake water chemistry data and LAGOSGEO version 1.02 for lake catchment geographic data. In the LAGOSLIMNO database, lake water chemistry data were collected from individual state agency sampling and volunteer programs designed to monitor lake water quality. Water chemistry analyses follow standard lab methods. In the LAGOSGEO database geographic data were collected from national scale geographic information systems (GIS) data layers. Lake catchments, defined as 'The area of land that drains directly into a lake, and into all upstream-connected, permanent streams to that lake exclusive of any upstream lake watersheds for lakes greater than or equal to 10 ha that are connected via permanent streams', were delineated for lakes greater than or equal to 4 ha. Lake-stream connectivity type was assigned to lakes greater than or equal to 4 ha using GIS tools that use the National Hydrology Dataset (See Soranno et al. 2015 for LAGOS geographic processing steps). A subset of lake and geographic data was created to examine spatial variation in TP and water color relationships with CHLa across broad geographic extents using spatially-varying coefficient models with a Bayesian framework. Lakes were selected that had complete records for summer epilimnetic total TP, true water color, and CHLa. In addition we selected lakes with surface area greater than or equal to 4 ha and less than 10,000 ha to exclude very small and very large lakes from the analyses. The resulting dataset includes 838 lakes in Wisconsin, Michigan, New York, and Maine with 7395 observations. The majo
Time series of high-frequency profiles of depth, temperature, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, specific conductance, chlorophyll a, turbidity, pH, oxidation-reduction potential, photosynthetically active radiation, colored dissolved organic matter, phycocyanin, phycoerythrin, and descent rate for Beaverdam Reservoir, Carvins Cove Reservoir, Falling Creek Reservoir, Gatewood Reservoir, and Spring Hollow Reservoir in southwestern Virginia, USA 2013-2025
Depth profiles of water biogeochemical properties were collected with SeaBird Electronics (SBE) Conductivity, Temperature, and Depth (CTD) profilers from 2013-2025 at five drinking water reservoirs in southwestern Virginia, USA. The study reservoirs are: Beaverdam Reservoir (Vinton, Virginia), Carvins Cove Reservoir (Roanoke, Virginia), Falling Creek Reservoir (Vinton, Virginia), Gatewood Reservoir (Pulaski, Virginia), and Spring Hollow Reservoir (Salem, Virginia). Beaverdam, Carvins Cove, Falling Creek, and Spring Hollow Reservoirs are owned and operated by the Western Virginia Water Authority as primary or secondary drinking water sources for Roanoke, Virginia, and Gatewood Reservoir is a drinking water source for the town of Pulaski, Virginia. The dataset consists of CTD depth profiles measured at the deepest site of each reservoir adjacent to the dam as well as other upstream reservoir sites. The profiles were collected approximately fortnightly in the spring months, weekly in the summer and early autumn, and monthly in the late autumn and winter. Beaverdam Reservoir, Carvins Cove Reservoir, and Falling Creek Reservoir were sampled every year in the dataset (2013-2025); Spring Hollow Reservoir was only sampled 2013-2017 and 2019; and Gatewood Reservoir was only sampled in 2016. Data availability differs across years due to additional sensors that have been added or replaced over time. From 2013-2016, profiles were taken with a CTD equipped with an SBE 43 Dissolved Oxygen sensor and an ECO FLNTU sensor for turbidity and chlorophyll. From 2017-2025, profiles were taken with a CTD equipped with an SBE 43 Dissolved Oxygen sensor, an ECO FLNTU sensor for turbidity and chlorophyll, a PAR-LOG ICSW sensor for photosynthetically active radiation, and a SBE 27 pH and ORP (oxidation-reduction potential) sensor. In 2022 and 2023, profiles were also taken with an additional CTD equipped with an SBE 43 Dissolved Oxygen sensor; an ECO Triplet Scattering Fluorescence sensor for
Cascade Project at North Temperate Lakes LTER Phosphorus, Chlorophyll, DOC, Color, and pH for Twenty UNDERC Lakes 1995 - 2003
Data on total phosphorous, chlorophyll a, dissolved organic carbon, water color, and pH for a set of lakes located at the University of Notre Dame Environmental Research Center (UNDERC). Surface water samples were collected monthly from May through August either from shore with a telescoping pole or from a boat. Twenty lakes were sampled from 1995-2000. Fifteen of these lakes were sampled from 2001-2003.
North Temperate Lakes LTER Regional Survey Water Color Scans 2015 - current
The Northern Highlands Lake District (NHLD) is one of the few regions in the world with periodic comprehensive water chemistry data from hundreds of lakes spanning almost a century. Birge and Juday directed the first comprehensive assessment of water chemistry in the NHLD, sampling more than 600 lakes in the 1920s and 30s. These surveys have been repeated by various agencies and we now have data from the 1920s (UW), 1960s (WDNR), 1970s (EPA), 1980s (EPA), 1990s (EPA), and 2000s (NTL). The 28 lakes sampled as part of the Regional Lake Survey have been sampled by at least four of these regional surveys including the 1920s Birge and Juday sampling efforts. These 28 lakes were selected to represent a gradient of landscape position and shoreline development, both of which are important factors influencing social and ecological dynamics of lakes in the NHLD. This long-term regional dataset will lead to a greater understanding of whether and how large-scale drivers such as climate change and variability, lakeshore residential development, introductions of invasive species, or forest management have altered regional water chemistry. Color is measured in water samples that are filtered in the field through 0.45 um nucleopore membrane filters. A spectrophotometer is used to quantify color in the lab as absorbance (unitless) at 1 nm intervals between the wavelengths of 200 and 800 nm. Absorbance data are considered suspect for values greater than 2.
Biocomplexity at North Temperate Lakes LTER; Coordinated Field Studies: Color 2001 - 2004
Chemical Limnology data collected for Biocomplexity Project; Landscape Context - Coordinated Field Studies Replicate chemical samples were pumped from the surface water (0.5m depth) and secchi depth was recorded at each lake. Temperature/dissolved oxygen profiles were taken throughout the water column at one meter intervals on all lakes. For more detail see the Water Sampling Protocol. Sampling Frequency: During 2001, temperature/dissolved oxygen profiles and secchi depths were taken twice during the stratified summer period. Chemistry samples were only taken once during the 2001 stratified period. From 2002 through 2004, all chemical and physical water samples were taken once during June (or resampled during the stratified period if June samples were bad). All lakes in which color, DIC/DOC, and chlorophyll samples were taken in 2001 were resampled in 2002 due to error in collection and/or analysis. Number of sites: 62 Vilas County lakes were sampled from 2001-2004 (approximately 15 different lakes each year).
Microplastic Abundance, Shape, and Color in Passerines Captured at Rushton Woods Preserve Bird Banding Station in Newtown Square, Pennsylvania, USA, April-September 2024
Fecal samples were collected from 5 species of passerine birds between April and September 2024 at the Rushton Woods Preserve Bird Banding Station. Samples were chemically digested and filtered for the purpose of extracting, quantifying, and describing microplastics.
Results of the color picking survey
<p>This datasets summarizes the results of the colorpicking survey that we conducted at EPFL using the colorjeopardy app (<a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3831841">10.5281/zenodo.3831841</a>) in spring 2020. </p> <ul> <li>color_string: is the color name from the CSD that was presented the survey participants</li> <li>hex: is the hex code of the color the survey participants picked</li> <li>starttime: is the time the participants started picking the color</li> <li>time_stamp: is the time the participants submitted the pick </li> </ul>
BGC-Argo matchups with Ocean Color Satellite Sensors and MERRA-2 updated for 2023
<p>Updated matchup dataset as described in "Begouen Demeaux et al., Algorithms to Retrieve the Spectral Diffuse Attenuation Coefficient of Light in the Ocean from Remote Sensing, Optics Express, 2023".</p> <p>Composed of Satellites matchup from the MODIS, VIIRS and OLCI sensors with BGC-Argo floats, including Kds derived from float measurements (Kd_WV_Xing), Rrs at all wavelengths from each sensor, solar zenith angle and information on the atmospheric composition from Merra-2 matchups. </p> <p>New recomputed Kds using the Lee et al., 2005 algorithm with individual sensor coefficients are also listed (new_kd_WV_Lee_indiv), as well as recomputed Kds for a new global m2 coefficient (new_kd_WV_Lee_global). Recomputed Kds for the new coefficients of the NASA/ESA algorithm are also available (new_Kd_Aus). Lastly, Kds for the new GF algorithm depending on the MERRA inputs and IOPs is listed : (kd_WV_f). </p> <p>For any questions, do not hesitate to be in touch. </p>
Datasets for submitted paper "Color appearance in rotational material jetting"
<p>This folder contains data for the submitted paper "Color appearance in rotational material jetting"<br> For more information, please contact Ali Payami Golhin (payami.ag@gmail.com)</p>
DATASET: characterization of the seed coat extractable phenolic profile and color in 308 common bean lines of the Spanish Diversity Panel
<p>Characterizarion of the seed coat extractable phenolic profile and color in 308 common bean lines of the Spanish Diversity Panel</p>
Dataset: Systematics of the color-polymorphic spider genus Cybaeolus, with comments on the phylogeny of the family Hahniidae (Araneae)
<p>Phylogenetic analysis of the spiders of the genus Cybaeulus, with outgroups in the marronoid clade. Data from six DNA markers, analyzed with maximum likelihood and parsimony.</p> <p><br>PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS</p> <p>We obtained sequences from 26 samples of the three known species of Cybaeolus, and of five additional species of Hahniidae. To these, we added legacy sequences of Cybaeolus and of other genera of Hahniidae, as well as representatives of the remaining families in the marronoid clade. For the new sequences, the extraction and amplification of DNA was made in the Laboratory of Molecular Tools at Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales (MACN), from tissues preserved in absolute alcohol at -18ºC. We targeted the markers histone H3 (H3), cytochrome oxidase subunit I (CO1), 28S ribosomal RNA (28S) and 16S ribosomal RNA (16S), previously used to estimate relationships of marronoid spiders (Wheeler et al., 2017). Details of extraction, primers and PCR protocols are the same as in Magalhaes & Ramírez (2022). Sequencing was outsourced to Macrogen Inc., South Korea. The resulting chromatograms were analyzed individually to detect contaminated sequences or ambiguous portions. In addition to these sequences obtained in the laboratory, we combined our data with additional sequences from previous work (Wheeler et al., 2017; Rivera-Quiroz et al., 2020), using the markers mentioned above plus 12S ribosomal RNA (12S) and 18S ribosomal RNA (18S). For the CO1 marker, additional sequences obtained by the Arachnology Division at MACN and deposited in the BOLDSYSTEMS platform (https://www.boldsystems.org/) were also used. Sequences were aligned with MAFFT Online v.7.463 (Katoh & Standley, 2013), using the L-INS-I algorithm. See Table 1 for list of vouchers and sequence identifiers.</p> <p>Maximum likelihood<br>For the maximum likelihood analyses we used the program IQ-TREE 2.2.0 (Minh et al., 2020), partitioning the data by marker, and selecting the best combination of partitions and evolution models by Bayesian information criterion (best fitting models were TPM2+I+G4 for H3, GTR+F+I+G4 for 18S, GTR+F+I+G4 for 16S and 12S together, GTR+F+I+G4 for CO1, and GTR+F+I+G4 for 28S). Since the relationships of outgroup taxa in the resulting trees were slightly different to that found in recent phylogenomic studies, we used the study of Gorneau et al. (2023) based on ultraconserved elements as a backbone topology to constrain our tree search, considering only the taxa in common with our analysis (see supplementary Fig. S1); this means that all the rest of the taxa are free to move anywhere during tree search. Support for groups (branches) was estimated by 1000 cycles of ultrafast bootstrapping. Ten independent runs were performed; of those, six converged into nearly identical log likelihood values (-57417.7725 to -57417.9604) and identical topologies; the tree with top-ranking log likelihood is presented in Results, after collapsing branches with bootstrap below 0.5. To estimate the support of an alternative topology with Cybaeolus as sister to the rest of the hahniids, we used TNT 1.6 (Goloboff & Morales, 2023) to modify the optimal tree placing Cybaeolus in such position, and asked for the frequency of the branch of interest (all hahniids except Cybaeolus) in the 1000 bootstrapped trees previously saved by IQTREE.<br>Ancestral character states for the arrangement of spinnerets (grouped; separated in a transversal line) were estimated by maximum likelihood on the optimal tree, using the R packages phytools and ape, under the models ER and ARD, and the best fitting model selected by the Akaike information criterion. </p> <p>Parsimony<br>For the parsimony analyses we used TNT 1.6. For the equal weights analysis, a heuristic search was made using a driven search with the default parameters of the “new technologies”, aiming for 10 independent hits to minimum length. The resulting trees were then submitted to an additional round of tree-bisection reconnection (TBR) branch swapping. These results were compared to a simpler search strategy of 300 random addition sequences, each followed by TBR, which produced 20 hits to minimal length. As both strategies reached the same trees with multiple independent hits, it is likely that the optimal trees were found. Finally, the strict consensus of all the optimal trees was obtained, and on this consensus the support values were calculated by means of 1000 bootstrap pseudoreplicates. </p>
Data for "a cavity-based optical antenna for color centers in diamond"
<p>An efficient atom-photon-interface is a key requirement for the integration of solid-state emitters such as color centers in diamond into quantum technology applications. Just like other solid state emitters, however, their emission into free space is severely limited due to the high refractive index of the bulk host crystal. In this work, we present a planar optical antenna based on two silver mirrors coated on a thin single crystal diamond membrane, forming a planar Fabry-Pérot cavity that improves the photon extraction from single tin vacancy (SnV) centers as well as their coupling to an excitation laser. Upon numerical optimization of the structure, we find theoretical enhancements in the collectible photon rate by a factor of 60 as compared to the bulk case. As a proof-of-principle demonstration, we fabricate single crystal diamond membranes with sub-µm thickness and create SnV centers by ion implantation. Employing off-resonant excitation, we show a 6-fold enhancement of the collectible photon rate, yielding up to half a million photons per second from a single SnV center. At the same time, we observe a significant reduction of the required excitation power in accordance with theory, demonstrating the functionality of the cavity as an optical antenna.<br> Due to its planar design, the antenna simultaneously provides similar enhancements for a large number of emitters inside the membrane. Furthermore, the monolithic structure provides high mechanical stability and straightforwardly enables operation under cryogenic conditions as required in most spin-photon interface implementations.</p>
Dataset: Rainbow color map distorts and misleads research in hydrology – guidance for better visualizations and science communication
<p>The rainbow color map is scientifically incorrect and hinders people with color vision deficiency to view visualizations in a correct way. Due to perceptual non-uniform color gradients within the rainbow color map the data representation is distorted what can lead to misinterpretation of results and flaws in science communication. Here we present the data of a paper survey of 797 scientific publication in the journal Hydrology and Earth System Sciences. With in the survey all papers were classified according to color issues. Find details about the data below.</p> <ul> <li><code>year</code> = year of publication (YYYY)</li> <li><code>date</code> = date (YYYY-MM-DD) of publication</li> <li><code>title</code> = full paper title from journal website</li> <li><code>authors</code> = list of authors comma-separated</li> <li><code>n_authors</code> = number of authors (integer between 1 and 27)</li> <li><code>col_code</code> = color-issue classification (see below)</li> <li><code>volume</code> = Journal volume</li> <li><code>start_page</code> = first page of paper (consecutive)</li> <li><code>end_page</code> = last page of paper (consecutive)</li> <li><code>base_url</code> = base url to access the PDF of the paper with <code>/volume/start_page/year/</code></li> <li><code>filename</code> = specific file name of the paper PDF (e.g. <code>hess-9-111-2005.pdf</code>)</li> </ul> <p>Color classification is stored in the <code>col_code</code> variable with:</p> <ul> <li><code>0</code> = chromatic and issue-free,</li> <li><code>1</code> = red-green issues,</li> <li><code>2</code>= rainbow issues and</li> <li><code>bw</code>= black and white paper.</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p>See more details (e.g., sample code to analyse the survey data) on https://github.com/modche/rainbow_hydrology</p> <p>Paper: Stoelzle, M. and Stein, L.: Rainbow color map distorts and misleads research in hydrology – guidance for better visualizations and science communication, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 4549–4565, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-4549-2021, 2021.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Color Classification of Extrasolar Giant Planets: Prospects and Cautions
<p>This dataset contains the reflected light models used in the analysis of<a href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018AJ....156..158B"> Batalha et al. 2018 (Color Classification of Extrasolar Giant Planets: Prospects and Cautions) </a>. The paper explains the full calculation of the models and the parameter space. </p> <p>The public repository <a href="https://github.com/natashabatalha/colorcolor">colorcolor</a> contains <a href="https://github.com/natashabatalha/colorcolor/tree/master/notebooks">notebooks</a> that explain how extract spectra from the database. To show it's simplicity, we post a small code snippet below. </p> <pre><code class="language-python">import colorcolor as c planet_dict = {'cloud': 0.03, 'distance': 0.85, 'gravity': 25, 'metallicity': 0.0, 'phase': 100.0, 'temp': 150} planet = c.select_model(planet_dict) wave, albedo = planet['WAVELN'], planet['GEOMALB']</code></pre> <p> </p> <p>Further explanation can be found at the GitHub repository and within the paper. </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Data from Herbarium Specimens Reveal Delays in Autumn Maple Coloration in the Northeastern United States Over the Past 150 Years
Data from "Herbarium Specimens Reveal Delays in Autumn Maple Coloration in the Northeastern United States Over the Past 150 Years". Herbarium specimens annotated for damage and phenological status paired with climate and locality information to investigate long-term trends in species-interactions and autumn phenology.
Sex-specific relationships between urbanization, parasitism, and plumage coloration in house finches
Historically, studies of condition-dependent signals in animals have been male-centric, but recent work suggests that female ornaments can also communicate individual quality (e.g., disease state, fecundity). There also has been a surge of interest in how urbanization alters signaling traits, but we know little about if and how cities affect signal expression in female animals. We present data of carotenoid-based plumage coloration and coccidian (Isospora spp.) parasite burden in desert and city populations of house finches Haemorhous mexicanus to examine links between urbanization, health state, and feather pigmentation in males and females. In earlier work, we showed that male house finches are less colorful and more parasitized in the city, and we again detected such patterns in this study for males; however, urban females were less colorful, but not more parasitized, than rural females. Moreover, contrary to rural populations, we found that urban birds (regardless of sex) with larger patches of carotenoid coloration were also more heavily infected with coccidia. These results show that urban environments can disrupt condition-dependent color expression and highlight the need for more studies on how cities affect disease and signaling traits in both male and female animals.
North Temperate Lakes LTER: Color - Trout Lake Area 1989 - current
Color is measured four times per year in the seven northern study lakes (Allequash, Big Muskellunge, Crystal, Sparkling, and Trout lakes, unnamed lakes 27-02 [Crystal Bog] and 12-15 [Trout Bog]) on water samples that are filtered in the field through 0.45 micron capsule filters (0.45 um nuclepore membrane filters before 2015). A spectrophotometer is used to quantify color in the lab as absorbance units, at 1nm intervals between the wavelengths of 200 and 800 nm. All values are in absorbance units and are given as measurements at the path length of the employed cuvette and should be divided by the cuvette length for a comparable value at a pathlength of 1 cm. Sampling Frequency: 4 times annually. Number of sites: 7.
Dataframe - Posts-Instagram-Torrevieja-Colores dominantes
<p>Una base de datos con extracción de colores dominantes de los post de instagram en torrevijea</p>
FUI Water Color product of inland waters in China at 30-m in 2015
<p>The first 30-meters FUI water color product of China. The product was developed using time-series Landsat 8 imagery and FUI water color retrieval method. Taking into account the huge amount of computational and storage space required for the national-scale water color mapping, the high-performance Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud-based platform was introduced to support the computation. First, a cloud-free composite in China for the summer of 2015 was generated using time-series Landsat-8 imagery and the Best-Available-Pixel (BAP) compositing algorithm. Then, the first 30-merters FUI water color product of China was developed using the generated BAP composite and the Google Earth Engine computing platform. The first 30-meters FUI water color product can promote the understanding of the water color of water bodies in China, and provide very important information for preserving and restoring inland water quality.</p> <p>The details of the product is described in "<a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/59060333-b9fc-45ad-b381-3b05a866de6c/FUI_WaterColor_2015China_Readme_V1.1.docx?versionId=44bb5bbb-407f-4dc8-b183-fa1a3843488f">FUI_WaterColor_2015China_Readme_V1.1.docx</a>".</p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.