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5 results for “colour dichromatism”
Data from: Testing background matching and disruptive colouration in a sexually dichromatic grasshopper: a computer detection experiment.
<p>Cryptic colouration is an adaptative mechanism against predators. Colour patterns can become cryptic through background matching and disruptive colouration, which breaks up the outlines of an animal because the pattern does not coincide with the shape and outline of the animal’s body. Background matching could be advantageous in chromatically homogeneous microhabitats, whereas disruptive colouration can be favoured in visually heterogeneous microhabitats. Grasshoppers of the genus <em>Sphenarium</em> (Orthoptera: Pyrogomorphidae) inhabit very heterogeneous environments and exhibit both strategies. Adults show substantial continuous variation in colouration and longitudinal and transverse bands on the thorax and abdomen. However, males often exhibit considerably more variation in the number of longitudinal and transverse bands than females, which tend to have more uniform colouring (flatter patterns). In this study, we analysed the cryptic properties of the colour patterns of males and females of <em>Sphenarium </em><em>zapotecum</em><em> </em>Sanabria-Urbán, H. Song & Cueva del Castillo and tested the effectiveness of background matching and disruptive colouration using humans as ‘predators’ in a computer detection experiment. We found that the females and males are dichromatic and seem to follow different cryptic strategies in their colouration: males are more disruptive to the background than females, whereas females have a higher level of background matching. In addition, in visually heterogeneous areas, predators spent most time searching for striped male morphs with lower background matching and higher disruptive properties, as well as for female morphs with high background matching, potentially increasing prey survival. As background matching is associated with females and disruptive colouration with males, our results could help explain the evolution of sexual dichromatism in this and other species of grasshoppers of the genus <em>Sphenarium.</em></p> <p> </p>
The extent of rapid colour change in male agamid lizards is unrelated to overall sexual dichromatism
<p><span>Dynamic colour change is widespread in ectothermic animals, but has primarily been studied in the context of background matching. For most species, we lack quantitative data on the extent of colour change across different contexts. It is also unclear whether and how colour change varies across body regions, and how overall sexual dichromatism relates to the extent of individual colour change. In this study, we obtained reflectance measures in response to different stimuli for males and females of six species of agamid lizards (<em>Agamidae</em>, sister family to <em>Chameleonidae</em>) comprising three closely related species pairs. We computed the colour volume in a lizard-vision colour space occupied by males and females of each species and estimated overall sexual dichromatism based on the area of non-overlapping male and female colour volumes. As expected, males had larger colour volumes than females, but the extent of colour change in males differed between species and between body regions. Notably, species that were most sexually dichromatic were not necessarily those in which males showed the greatest individual colour change. Our results indicate that the extent of colour change is independent of the degree of sexual dichromatism and demonstrate that colour change on different body regions can vary substantially even between pairs of closely related species.</span></p>
The extent of rapid colour change in male agamid lizards is unrelated to overall sexual dichromatism
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Data from: The effect of colour-producing mechanisms on plumage sexual dichromatism in passerines and parrots
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Data from: Sexually selected dichromatism in the hihi Notiomystis cincta: multiple colours for multiple receivers
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OpenNeuro
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