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60 results for “community evolution”
Community diversity determines the evolution of synthetic bacterial communities under artificial selection
<p>These data and script are related to the article entitled "Community diversity determines the evolution of synthetic bacterial communities under artificial selection". This study reports the results of an experiment that involved bacterial communities differing for their richness level (1, 2, 4, 8, 16 species) and subjected to artificial selection or not. The property under selection was the optical density (OD). All the data needed to reproduce the figures and tables presented in the manuscript are provided.</p>
Assessing the importance of interspecific interactions in the evolution of microbial communities
<p>These data and script are related to the article entitled "Assessing the importance of interspecific interactions in the evolution of microbial communities". This study reports the results of an experiment that aimed at understanding the role of interactions between bacterial species in the evolutionary responses of bacterial communities. The phenotype (optical density) of eight communities composed of two bacterial strains was assessed before and after an experimental evolution of five months (with a transfer each 3.5 days) and compared to the phenotype of communities rebuilt from the same strains that evolved in isolation. The phenotype of the bacterial strains of the study grown in isolation under the three evolutionary treatments (ancestor, evolved in isolation, evolved in community) was also assessed. All the data and codes needed to reproduce the figures and tables presented in the manuscript are provided.</p>
The community background alters the evolution of thermal performance
<p>Microbes are key drivers of global biogeochemical cycles and their functional roles are heavily dependent on temperature. Large population sizes and rapid turnover rates mean that the predominant response of microbes to environmental warming is likely to be evolutionary, yet our understanding of evolutionary responses to temperature change in microbial systems is rudimentary. Natural microbial communities are diverse assemblages of interacting taxa. However, most studies investigating the evolutionary response of bacteria to temperature change are focused on monocultures. Here we utilise high throughput experimental evolution of bacteria in both monoculture and community contexts along a thermal gradient to determine how interspecific interactions influence the thermal adaptation of community members. We found that community-evolved isolates tended towards higher maximum growth rates across the temperature gradient compared to their monoculture-evolved counterparts. We also saw little evidence of systematic evolutionary change in the shapes of bacterial thermal tolerance curves along the thermal gradient. However, the effect of community background and selection temperature on the evolution of thermal tolerance curves was variable and highly taxon-specific – with some taxa exhibiting pronounced changes in thermal tolerance, while others were less impacted. We also found that temperature acted as a strong environmental filter, resulting in the local extinction of taxa along the thermal gradient, implying that temperature-driven ecological change was a key factor shaping the community background upon which evolutionary selection can operate. These findings offer novel insight into how the community background impacts thermal adaptation.</p>
Supplementary tables from "From genes to communities: an integrative approach to the evolution of Varanidae"
<p>Supplementary tables for thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of The Australian National University</p>
Fluvial geomorphic evolution and stream fish community trajectories in the Bayou Pierre, Mississippi
<p>Changing environments place stresses on ecosystems, and are contributing to widespread losses of biodiversity and ecosystem function. Comparisons of historical and contemporary data offer considerable utility in understanding how ecosystems respond to, adapt to, or recover from changing environments. Stream fishes offer a particularly interesting study system for this topic, as streams are naturally dynamic environments and human needs have placed increasing pressure on aquatic systems. The effects of fine sediments on stream fishes and aquatic ecosystems more broadly have been well studied. Yet studies from fluvial geomorphology have resulted in models of watershed morphological evolution which encompass far broader processes and changes to aquatic systems. Our dataset integrates a fluvial geomorphic approach to characterize stream channel and habitat evolution over a four decade period in the Bayou Pierre, Mississippi, an ecological approach to study related change in stream fish communities in the same watershed, and analyses linking the two. Fluvial geomorphic processes were characterized both from remote sensing data sources for historic and contemporary time periods, and local fish habitat data for contemporary time periods. Historical fish community data were extracted from museum records, and contemporary fish community data were collected via sampling for fishes at the same localities as historic efforts using similar methods.</p>
Evolution in interacting species alters predator life history traits, behavior and morphology in experimental microbial communities
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Fluvial geomorphic evolution and stream fish community trajectories in the Bayou Pierre, Mississippi
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Trait data for the evolution of plasticity in pairwise competitive and mutualistic community of brewer's yeast
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Data from: Multispecies interactions and the community context of the evolution of virulence
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The community background alters the evolution of thermal performance
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Terrestrial herbivory drives adaptive evolution in an aquatic community via indirect effects
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Effects of community richness and competitive asymmetry on protozoa evolution in Sarracenia purpurea leaves
<p>Predicting evolution in natural systems will require understanding how selection operates in multispecies communities. We predicted that the amount that traits evolve in multispecies mixtures would be less than the amount that would be predicted from the additive contributions of the pair-wise interactions and that subordinate species will be more likely to evolve in competitive systems than dominant species. We conducted an experimental test of these predictions using a guild of protozoans found in the water-filled leaves of the pitcher plant <em>Sarracenia purpurea</em>. The response to selection did not significantly change as we increased richness from monocultures to two- and four-species mixtures. In accordance with our second prediction, subordinate species demonstrated greater growth in competition after selection than before, while dominant species generally showed no response to selection. Monod-type experiments to determine minimum resource levels found that the dominant species had much higher resource requirements than the subordinate species and that the minimum resource requirements evolved to be higher in the subordinate species. Importantly, these results suggest that subordinate species evolve to become more similar to dominant species, which may involve resource-use convergence. Our findings and other recent works suggest that community diversity can affect evolution in surprising ways that warrant further investigation.</p>
Ecology and evolution of competitive trait variation in natural phytoplankton communities under selection
<p>Competition for limiting resources is a major force structuring ecological communities. Species minimum resource requirements (<em>R*</em>s) can predict competitive outcomes and evolve under selection in simple communities under controlled conditions. However, whether <em>R*</em>s predict competitive outcomes or demonstrate adaptive evolution in naturally complex communities is unknown. We subjected natural phytoplankton communities to three types of resource limitation (nitrogen, phosphorus, light) in outdoor mesocosms over ten weeks. We examined the community composition weekly and isolated 21 phytoplankton strains from seven species to quantify responses to selection of R* for these resources. We investigated evolutionary change in R*s in the dominant species, <em>Desmodesmus armatus</em>. <em>R*</em>s were good predictors of species changes in relative abundance, though this was largely driven by the success of <em>D. armatus </em>across several treatments. This species also demonstrated evolutionary change in <em>R*</em>s under resource limitation, supporting the potential for adaptive trait change to modify competitive outcomes in natural communities.</p>
Measuring the contribution of evolution to community trait structure in freshwater zooplankton
<p>There are currently few predictions about when evolutionary processes are likely to play an important role in structuring community features.Determining predictors that indicate when evolution is expected to impact ecological processes in natural landscapes can help researchers identify eco-evolutionary 'hotspots', where eco-evolutionary interactions are more likely to occur. Using data collected from a survey in freshwater cladoceran communities, landscape population genetic data, and phenotypic trait data measured in a common garden, we applied a Bayesian linear model to assess whether the impact of local trait evolution in the keystone species <i>Daphnia magna</i> on cladoceran community trait values could be predicted by population genetic properties (within-population genetic diversity, genetic distance among populations), ecological properties (Simpson's diversity, phenotypic divergence), or environmental divergence. We found that the impact of local trait evolution varied among communities. Moreover, community diversity and phenotypic divergence were found to be better predictors of the contribution of evolution to community trait values than environmental features or genetic properties of the evolving species. Our results thus indicate the importance of ecological context for the impact of evolution on community features. Our study also demonstrates one way to detect signatures of eco-evolutionary interactions in communities inhabiting heterogeneous landscapes using survey data of contemporary ecological and evolutionary structure.</p>
R codes and their outputs used for: Evolution of realised niche breadth diversity driven by community dynamics
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Effects of community richness and competitive asymmetry on protozoa evolution in Sarracenia purpurea leaves
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Ecology and evolution of competitive trait variation in natural phytoplankton communities under selection
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Measuring the contribution of evolution to community trait structure in freshwater zooplankton
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Data from: Evolution alters post-invasion temporal dynamics in experimental communities.
<p>1. The causes and consequences of temporal variation in the abundance of organisms constitute central themes in ecological inquiry. Rapid evolution can occur over ecological time scales, potentially resulting in altered temporal variation in abundance and complicating inferences about the consequences of temporal variation. 2. We assessed whether evolution altered the temporal variability in species' abundances in simple assemblages of species. We then compared experimental results to predictions from two-species models to better understand our results in the context of competitive and predator-prey interactions. 3. We compared founder populations and their evolved descendants in experimental communities of ciliates and rotifers. Using a series of orthogonal contrasts, we then evaluated whether: 1) evolutionary history of invaders or 2) residents, 3) coevolution among invaders and residents, and 4) invasion itself altered temporal variability in species abundances following invasion by a novel species. Using two-species competition and predator-prey models, we also generated predictions to better understand the effects of evolution on temporal variation in the abundances of interacting species. Finally, we compared experimental and modeling results to aid in the interpretation of which interspecific interactions might be affected by ongoing evolution in our communities. 4. In experimental populations, differing evolutionary histories resulted in significant differences among treatments in abundances and temporal variation in abundances of both resident and invading species. For the contrasts, we found evidence that evolutionary history of the invader and residents, coevolution among invaders and residents, and invasion itself affected temporal variability in abundance, but the importance of each differed for the two communities and the species within those communities. When comparing experimental results to model predictions, the increased abundance and decreased temporal variation of one invader, <i>Euplotes daidaleos</i>, are potentially consistent with evolution resulting in reduced attack rates in the novel community. 5. Evolutionary history alone can affect temporal variation in the abundances of species, generating important consequences for interspecific interactions among species and complicating inferences about the consequences of temporal variability in biological communities. </p>
Data from: The interaction of phylogeny and community structure: linking the community composition and trait evolution of clades
Aim. Community phylogenetic studies use information about species' evolutionary relationships to understand the ecological processes of community assembly. A central premise of the field is that species' evolution maps onto ecological patterns, and phylogeny reveals something more than species' traits alone about ecological mechanisms structuring communities such as environmental filtering, competition, and facilitation. We argue, therefore, that there is a need to better understand and model the interaction of phylogeny with species' traits and community composition. Innovation. We outline a new approach that identifies clades that are eco-phylogenetically clustered or overdispersed, and then assesses whether those clades have different rates of trait evolution. Eco-phylogenetic theory would predict that the traits of clustered or overdispersed clades might have evolved differently, either in terms of tempo (fast or slow) or mode (e.g., under constraint or neutrally). We suggest that modelling the evolution of independent trait data in these clades represents a strong test of whether there is an association between species' ecological co-occurrence patterns and evolutionary history. Main conclusions. Using an empirical dataset of mammals from around the world, we identify two clades of rodents whose species tend not to co-occur in the same local assemblages (are phylogenetically overdispersed), and then find independent evidence of slower rates of body mass evolution in these clades. Our approach, which assumes nothing about the mode of species' trait evolution but rather seeks to explain it using ecological information, presents a new way to examine eco-phylogenetic structure.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.