Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
45
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
45 results for “continental climate”
Phanerozoic continental climate and Köppen–Geiger climate classes
<p>General circulation model simulations have been performed over the Phanerozoic (from 540 to 0 million years ago, every 20 million years) using the FOAM model. Simulated continental climatic fields and Köppen-Geiger climatic zones are shown in PDF file "figures.pdf". Numerical values are provided in the form of individual files (1 per time slice, 2 formats: NetCDF and CSV), and corresponding .zip archives containing NetCDF and CSV files for all time slices.</p>
Dataset for Transitional Wave Climate Regions on Continental and Polar Coasts in a Warming World
<p>This dataset supports Oderiz et al. (2022) "Transitional Wave Climate Regions on Continental and Polar Coasts in a Warming World". Nature Climate Change.10.1038/s41558-022-01389-3</p> <p> </p> <p>We recomend users to also read:<br> Odériz, I., Silva, R., Mortlock, T. R., Mori, N., Shimura, T., et al. (2021). Natural variability and warming signals in global ocean wave climates. Geophysical Research Letters, 48, e2021GL093622. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL093622</p>
Fig. 9 in Arthropod trace fossils from Eocene cold climate continental strata of King George Island, West Antarctica
Fig. 9. The lectotype of Stiaria intermedia Smith, 1909 (see also Fig. 8H), Epichnion, Old Red Sandstone, Lower Devonian, Dunure (GSE 14075), Scotland, UK. Published with permission of the British Geological Survey in Edinburgh.
Fig. 11 in Arthropod trace fossils from Eocene cold climate continental strata of King George Island, West Antarctica
Fig. 11. Hypichnial trace fossil cf. Pterichnus isp., middle–late Eocene, Mount Wawel Formation, King George Island, Antarctica, slab ZPAL Tf.8/2007.14. A. Four footprints in the series are visible in the lower left side. B. Less regular form in the lower side and the bilobate median trail of Glaciichnium australis in the upper part, which resembles the trace fossil Diplopodichnus.
Fig. 1 in Arthropod trace fossils from Eocene cold climate continental strata of King George Island, West Antarctica
Fig. 1. Map of King George Island (A) and location of the study region (B), after Birkenmajer (2002) with locality indicated (star).
Fig. 6 in Arthropod trace fossils from Eocene cold climate continental strata of King George Island, West Antarctica
Fig. 6. Arthropod trace fossil Glaciichnium australis isp. nov., middle–late Eocene, Mount Wawel Formation, King George Island, Antarctica, slab ZPAL Tf.8/2007.1. A. The holotype (redrawn in Fig. 8A), epichnion. The narrow diagonal furrows are damage scratches. B. Very irregular form running between the lower plant stems. C. Hypichnial forms preserved mostly as the double central trail resembling the trace fossil Diplopodichnus. D. Epichnial, unilobated median trails resembling the trace fossil Helminthoidichnites. Also delicate median bilobated trails are present. → Fig. 5. Arthropod trace fossil Glaciichnium australis isp. nov., resting trace, and lower plant stems on lower bedding surface, middle–late Eocene, Mount Wawel Formation, King George Island, Antarctica, slab ZPAL Tf.8/2007.8. A. General view, the long G. australis running from the base to the top shows different preservational variants. The knobs are plant stems. The resting trace (rt) in the lower part. B. Fragment of the long G. australis with thin blankets of underlying laminae covering the trace fossil. C. Fragment of the long G. australis crossed by another preserved mostly as the median trail, several cross sections of the lower plant stem. D. The resting trace (rt), several cross sections of the lower plant stem, and G. australis preserved mostly as the median trail. E. Resting trace, drawing (E1) and photograph of close view (E2).
Fig. 8 in Arthropod trace fossils from Eocene cold climate continental strata of King George Island, West Antarctica
Fig. 8. Comparison of drawings of holotype Glaciichnium australis sp. nov. (A) to Glaciichnium liebegastensis (B holotype, C), trackway of a Recent caddisfly larvae Philopotamus montanus (D), lectotype of Siskemia elegans (E), Stiaria quadripedia (F neotype, G), and lectotype of Stiaria intermedia (H). B, C from Walter (1985: fig. 4A and B, respectively); E from Walker (1985: fig. 2a, part); F from Pollard and Walker (1984: pl. 2: 2); G from Walker (1985: fig. 5a); H from Walker (1985: fig. 5c).
Fig. 7 in Arthropod trace fossils from Eocene cold climate continental strata of King George Island, West Antarctica
Fig. 7. Arthropod trace fossil Glaciichnium australis isp. nov. preserved mostly as unilobated or bilobated median trails, middle–late Eocene, Mount Wawel Formation, King George Island, Antarctica, slab ZPAL Tf.8/2007.25. A. Unilobate median trail passes into irregular trackway, produced probably in low cohesive substrate. B. A transition between unilobate and bilobate median trail. C. Unilobate and bilobate median trails as epichnial furrows. D. Hypichnial ridges, which are unilobated median trails resembling the trace fossil Helminthoidichnites.
Fig. 3 in Arthropod trace fossils from Eocene cold climate continental strata of King George Island, West Antarctica
Fig. 3. Some sedimentary and palaeobotanical features of the middle–late Eocene, Mount Wawel Formation, Martel Inlet Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctica. A. Symmetric ripple marks on surface of very fine-grained sandstone. B. Fossil plant remains of unknown affinity in cracked mudstone. C. Delicate ferns on a parting surfaces. D. Leaves of Nothofagus sp.
Fig. 4 in Arthropod trace fossils from Eocene cold climate continental strata of King George Island, West Antarctica
Fig. 4. Lower plant (reed?) stems in siltstone-sandstone slabs from of the middle–late Eocene, Mount Wawel Formation, Martel Inlet Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctica, slab ZPAL Tf.8/2007.20. A. Lower bedding-plane view with cross section of the stems (arrows) and needle-like plant detritus shallowly buried in the bed. B. Cross section of the stem in thin section showing sand-filled interior and carbonized, ribbed wall. C. Cross section of the bed with oblique stem, whose surface is carbonized. D. Cross section of a bed showing a fragment of stem with longitudinal ribbing.
Fig. 2 in Arthropod trace fossils from Eocene cold climate continental strata of King George Island, West Antarctica
Fig. 2. Location of plant and trace fossil collection area as seen from Martel Inlet, Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctica. Photograph by AG, January 2007.
Fig. 10 in Arthropod trace fossils from Eocene cold climate continental strata of King George Island, West Antarctica
Fig. 10. Recent traces (A–C) of the caddisfly larvae Philopotamus montanus (Donovan, 1813) (D), Lejowa Valley, Tatra Mountains, southern Poland.
Continental United States may lose 1.8 petagrams of soil organic carbon under climate change by 2100
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Climate more important than soils for predicting forest biomass at the continental scale
<p>Above-ground biomass in forests is critical to the global carbon cycle as it stores and sequesters carbon from the atmosphere. Climate change will disrupt the carbon cycle hence understanding how climate and other abiotic variables determine forest biomass at broad spatial scales is important for validating and constraining Earth System models and predicting the impacts of climate change on forest carbon stores. We examined the importance of climate and soil variables to explaining above-ground biomass distribution across the Australian continent using publicly available biomass data from 3130 mature forest sites, in 6 broad ecoregions, encompassing tropical, subtropical, and temperate biomes. We used the Random Forest algorithm to test the explanatory power of 14 abiotic variables (8 climate, 6 soil) and to identify the best-performing models based on climate-only, soil-only, and climate plus soil. The best performing models explained ~50% of the variation (climate-only: <i>R<sup>2</sup></i> = 0.47 ± 0.04, and climate plus soils: <i>R<sup>2</sup></i> = 0.49 ± 0.04). Mean temperature of the driest quarter was the most important climate variable, and bulk density was the most important soil variable. Climate variables were consistently more important than soil variables in combined models, and model predictive performance was not substantively improved by the inclusion of soil variables. This result was also achieved when the analysis was repeated at the ecoregion scale. Predicted forest above-ground biomass ranged from 18 to 1066 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup>, often under-predicting measured above-ground biomass, which ranged from 7 to 1500 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup>. This suggested that other non-climate, non-edaphic variables impose a substantial influence on forest above-ground biomass, particularly in the high biomass range. We conclude that climate is a strong predictor of above-ground biomass at broad spatial scales and across large environmental gradients, yet to predict forest above-ground biomass distribution under future climates, other non-climatic factors must also be identified.</p>
Data of monthly climate variables and drought indices within continental Chile for 1981-2023
<p>The dataset contains derived climatic data from ERA-5 at monthly frequency for continental Chile. The variables are:</p><ul><li>Precipitation (pre)</li><li>Minimum temperature (tas_min)</li><li>Mean temperature (tas)</li><li>Maximum temperature (tas_max)</li><li>Reference evapotranspiration (pet)</li><li>Snow water eqivalent (swe)</li><li>Soil volumetric water content at 1m depth (sm)</li></ul><p>Besides, the dataset contains the follwoing derived drough indices:</p><ul><li>Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) for 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months (spi_1<i> to </i>spi<i>_</i>36)</li><li>Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) for 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months (spei_1<i> to </i>spei<i>_</i>36)</li><li>Evaporative Demand Drought Index (EDDI) for 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months (eddi_1<i> to eddi_</i>36)</li><li>Anomaly of cumulative soil moisture at 1m depth (zcSM) for 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months (zcsm_1<i> to zcsm_</i>36)</li><li>Anomaly of cumulative NDVI (zcNDVI) for 1, 3, and 6 months (zcndvi<i>1 to zcndvi</i>6)</li><li>Snow Water Equivalent Index (SWEI)</li></ul><p> </p>
Runoff threshold responses in continental Boreal catchments: Nexus of sub-humid climate, low-relief, surficial geology and land cover
<p>Revision in journal Water Resources Research,Paper # 2023WR034752RR</p> <p>the publication doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2023WR034752">doi.org/10.1029/2023WR034752</a></p> <p>Abstract</p> <p>We examined annual runoff from 20 meso-scale catchments over 25 years, to elucidate how interactions between physiography and long-term weather patterns influence the magnitude of spatial-temporal thresholds in annual runoff responses in water-limited, low-relief, glaciated continental Boreal landscapes. Annual runoff ranged over two orders of magnitude (<3 to >300 mm) among catchments receiving similar annual precipitation. Threshold relationships were observed with cumulative regional moisture deficits that reflected spatial-temporal differences in effective storage and antecedent moisture among catchments with differing portions of glacial-deposit and land-cover types. The importance of the glacial-deposit texture and forest-peatland cover on runoff behavior among catchments varied with weather patterns and catchment antecedent moisture states. Dry states yielded low annual runoff that ranged by two orders of magnitude (0 to 80 mm), with higher values in catchments with predominantly coarse-textured deposits. During near normal antecedent moisture, annual runoff remained low (<10 mm) in catchments associated with fine-textured, hummocky landforms and deciduous forests. Annual runoff >10 mm was observed only in catchments with extensive peatlands. Infrequent wet states resulted in increased runoff in all catchments; however, ranges in maximum runoff were associated with heterogeneity in catchment landforms and land covers. Integrating cumulative precipitation with the proportion of glacial-deposit and land-cover types within catchments can: 1) represent water cycling and regional sink-source dynamics controlling runoff, and 2) provide an effective management framework for predicting climate and land-use impacts on regional runoff in water-limited, low-relief, glaciated landscapes such as the Boreal Plain.</p>
Climate more important than soils for predicting forest biomass at the continental scale
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Characterizing uncertainty in climate impact projections: a case study with seven marine species on the North American continental shelf
<p>Projections of climate change impacts on living resources are being conducted frequently, and the goal is often to inform policy. Species projections will be more useful if uncertainty is effectively quantified. However, few studies have comprehensively characterized the projection uncertainty arising from greenhouse gas scenarios, Earth system models, and both structural and parameter uncertainty in species distribution modeling. Here we conducted 8964 unique 21st century projections for shifts in suitable habitat for seven economically important marine species including American lobster, Pacific halibut, Pacific ocean perch, and summer flounder. For all species, both the Earth system model used to simulate future temperatures and the niche modeling approach used to represent species distributions were important sources of uncertainty, while variation associated with parameter values in niche models was minor. Greenhouse gas emissions scenario contributed to uncertainty for projections at the century scale. The characteristics of projection uncertainty differed among species and also varied spatially, which underscores the need for improved multi-model approaches with a suite of Earth system models and niche models forming the basis for uncertainty around projected impacts. Ensemble projections show the potential for major shifts in future distributions. Therefore, rigorous future projections are important for informing climate adaptation efforts.</p>
Data from: A global phylogeny of turtles reveals a burst of climate-associated diversification on continental margins
<p>Living turtles are characterized by extraordinarily low species diversity given their age. The clade's extensive fossil record indicates that climate and biogeography may have played important roles in determining their diversity. We investigated this hypothesis by collecting a molecular dataset for 591 individual turtles that together represent 80% of all turtle species, including representatives of all families and 98% of genera, and used it to jointly estimate phylogeny and divergence times. We found that the turtle tree is characterized by relatively constant diversification (speciation minus extinction) punctuated by a single threefold increase. We also found that this shift is temporally and geographically associated with newly emerged continental margins that appeared during the Eocene-Oligocene transition about 30 million years before present. In apparent contrast, the fossil record from this time period contains evidence for a major, but regional, extinction event. These seemingly discordant findings appear to be driven by a common global process: Global cooling and drying at the time of the Eocene Oligocene transition. This climatic shift led to aridification that drove extinctions in important fossil-bearing areas, while simultaneously exposing new continental margin habitat that subsequently allowed for a burst of speciation associated with these newly exploitable ecological opportunities.</p>
Data from: Continental divide: predicting climate-mediated fragmentation and biodiversity loss in the boreal forest
Climate change threatens natural landscapes through shifting distribution and abundance of species and attendant change in the structure and function of ecosystems. However, it remains unclear how climate-mediated variation in species' environmental niche space may lead to large-scale fragmentation of species distributions, altered meta-population dynamics and gene flow, and disrupted ecosystem integrity. Such change may be especially relevant when species distributions are restricted either spatially or to a narrow environmental niche, or when environments are rapidly changing. Here, we use range-wide environmental niche models to posit that climate-mediated range fragmentation aggravates the direct effects of climate change on species in the boreal forest of North America. We show that climate change will directly alter environmental niche suitability for boreal-obligate species of trees, birds and mammals (n=12), with most species ranges becoming smaller and shifting northward through time. Importantly, species distributions will become increasingly fragmented, as characterized by smaller mean size and greater isolation of environmentally-suitable landscape patches. This loss is especially pronounced along the Ontario-Québec border, where the boreal forest is narrowest and roughly 78% of suitable niche space could disappear by 2080. Despite the diversity of taxa surveyed, patterns of range fragmentation are remarkably consistent, with our models predicting that spruce grouse (Dendragapus canadensis), boreal chickadee (Poecile hudsonicus), moose (Alces americanus) and caribou (Rangifer tarandus) could have entirely disjunct east-west population segments in North America. These findings reveal potentially dire consequences of climate change on population continuity and species diversity in the boreal forest, highlighting the need to better understand: 1) extent and primary drivers of anticipated climate-mediated range loss and fragmentation; 2) diversity of species to be affected by such change; 3) potential for rapid adaptation in the most strongly-affected areas; and 4) potential for invasion by replacement species.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.