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FIG. 13 in Revision of the cranial anatomy of Ophisaurus acuminatus Jörg, 1965 (Anguimorpha, Anguidae) from the late Miocene of Germany

FIG. 13. — Ophisaurus acuminatus Jörg, 1965, SMNK-PAL.8561: A, B, right coronoid in lateral (A) and medial (B) views; C-E, photograph (C) and virtual 3D models (D, E) of right splenial in lateral (C, D) and medial (E) views. Scale bars: A, B, D, E, 2 mm; C, 1 mm.

FIG. 9 in Revision of the cranial anatomy of Ophisaurus acuminatus Jörg, 1965 (Anguimorpha, Anguidae) from the late Miocene of Germany

FIG. 9. — Ophisaurus acuminatus Jörg, 1965, SMNK-PAL.8561: A-C, left pterygoid in dorsal (A) and ventral (B, C) views; D, detail of its denticulate field of the same pterygoid; E, F, virtual 3D models of right pterygoid in ventral (E) and dorsal (F) views. Scale bars: A-C, E, F, 2 mm; D, 1 mm.

FIG. 8 in Revision of the cranial anatomy of Ophisaurus acuminatus Jörg, 1965 (Anguimorpha, Anguidae) from the late Miocene of Germany

FIG. 8. — Ophisaurus acuminatus Jörg, 1965, SMNK-PAL.8561: A, B, virtual 3D models of right palatine in ventral (A) and dorsal (B) views. Scale bar: 2 mm.

FIG. 7 in Revision of the cranial anatomy of Ophisaurus acuminatus Jörg, 1965 (Anguimorpha, Anguidae) from the late Miocene of Germany

FIG. 7. — Ophisaurus acuminatus Jörg, 1965, SMNK-PAL.8561: A, B, photographs of left maxilla (A) and detail of teeth (B) in lateral view; C, D, virtual 3D model of left maxilla in lateral (C) and medial (D) views; E-G, photograph (E) and virtual 3D models (F, G) of left jugal in lateral (E, F) and medial (G) views. Scale bars: A, B, 1 mm; C, D, 5 mm; E-G, 2 mm.

FIG. 1 in Revision of the cranial anatomy of Ophisaurus acuminatus Jörg, 1965 (Anguimorpha, Anguidae) from the late Miocene of Germany

FIG. 1. — Ophisaurus acuminatus Jörg, 1965, SMNK-PAL.8561: A, holotype of slightly disarticulated skull; B, virtual 3D models of individual bones of the same specimen. Scale bar: 10 mm.

FIG. 3 in Revision of the cranial anatomy of Ophisaurus acuminatus Jörg, 1965 (Anguimorpha, Anguidae) from the late Miocene of Germany

FIG. 3. — Ophisaurus acuminatus Jörg, 1965, SMNK-PAL.8561: A, photograph of nasals in dorsal view; B, virtual 3D models of nasals and surrounding osteoderms in dorsal view. Scale bar: 2 mm.

FIG. 6 in Revision of the cranial anatomy of Ophisaurus acuminatus Jörg, 1965 (Anguimorpha, Anguidae) from the late Miocene of Germany

FIG. 6. — Ophisaurus acuminatus Jörg, 1965, SMNK-PAL.8561: A, B, right postfrontal in dorsolateral (A) and ventrolateral (B) views; C, D, left postfrontal in dorsolateral (C) and ventrolateral (D) views. Scale bar: 2 mm.

FIG. 12 in Revision of the cranial anatomy of Ophisaurus acuminatus Jörg, 1965 (Anguimorpha, Anguidae) from the late Miocene of Germany

FIG. 12. — Ophisaurus acuminatus Jörg, 1965, SMNK-PAL.8561: A, photograph; C, D, virtual 3D models of right dentary in lateral (A, B), medial (C) and ventromedial (D) views. Scale bar: 2 mm.

FIG. 14 in Revision of the cranial anatomy of Ophisaurus acuminatus Jörg, 1965 (Anguimorpha, Anguidae) from the late Miocene of Germany

FIG. 14. — Ophisaurus acuminatus Jörg, 1965, SMNK-PAL.8610: A-G, osteoderms in external (A, C-G) and internal (B) views. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIG. 10 in Revision of the cranial anatomy of Ophisaurus acuminatus Jörg, 1965 (Anguimorpha, Anguidae) from the late Miocene of Germany

FIG. 10. — Ophisaurus acuminatus Jörg, 1965, SMNK-PAL.8561: A-D, photograph (A) and virtual 3D models (B-D) of right fused exoccipital and opisthotic in anterolateral (A, B), anterior (C) and posterolateral (D) views. In A-C, fused exoccipital and opisthotic are dorsoventrally turned up. Scale bars: 2 mm.

FIG. 5 in Revision of the cranial anatomy of Ophisaurus acuminatus Jörg, 1965 (Anguimorpha, Anguidae) from the late Miocene of Germany

FIG. 5. — Ophisaurus acuminatus Jörg, 1965: A-C, SMNK-PAL.8561, photograph (A) and virtual 3D models of right prefrontal in lateral (A, B) and medial (C) views; D, E, SMNK-PAL.8690, virtual 3D models of left prefrontal in lateral (D) and medial (E) views; F, G, posterior portion of left frontal bone in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. Scale bars: 2 mm.

FIG. 2. — A-D in Revision of the cranial anatomy of Ophisaurus acuminatus Jörg, 1965 (Anguimorpha, Anguidae) from the late Miocene of Germany

FIG. 2. — A-D, Ophisaurus acuminatus Jörg, 1965, SMNK-PAL.8561: A, virtual 3D models of individual bones of holotype skull in internal view; B-D, right septomaxilla in dorsal (B), laterodorsal (C) and ventral (D) views; E, F, right septomaxilla of Ophisaurus attenuatus in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. Scale bars: A, 10 mm; B-F, 2 mm.

FIG. 4. — A-C in Revision of the cranial anatomy of Ophisaurus acuminatus Jörg, 1965 (Anguimorpha, Anguidae) from the late Miocene of Germany

FIG. 4. — A-C, Ophisaurus acuminatus Jörg, 1965, SMNK-PAL.8561: A, B, virtual 3D models of nasals in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views; C, reconstruction of posterior ornamented shields in dorsal view; D, E, virtual 3D models of anterior portions of skulls of Ophisaurus ventralis (Linnaeus, 1766) (ZFMK 95414) (D) and Ophisaurus attenuatus Baird, 1880 (DE 43) (E) in dorsal views. Scale bars: A-C, 2 mm; D, 3 mm; E, 2.5 mm.

FIG. 11 in Revision of the cranial anatomy of Ophisaurus acuminatus Jörg, 1965 (Anguimorpha, Anguidae) from the late Miocene of Germany

FIG. 11. — Ophisaurus acuminatus Jörg, 1965, SMNK-PAL.8561: A-G, photographs (A-D) and virtual 3D models (E-H) of left lower jaw elements and teeth in lateral (A-F) and medial (G, H) views. Scale bars: A, B, 0.5 mm; D, E, H, 2 mm; C, F, G, 5 mm.

Figure 4 in New information on the cranial and postcranial anatomy of the early synapsid Ianthodon schultzei (Sphenacomorpha: Sphenacodontia), and its evolutionary significance

Figure 4. Ianthodon schultzei. (a) Referred left maxilla KUVP 133736; (b) referred right maxilla FO 176.

Figure 1. Ianthodon schultzei holotype KUVP 133735 in New information on the cranial and postcranial anatomy of the early synapsid Ianthodon schultzei (Sphenacomorpha: Sphenacodontia), and its evolutionary significance

Figure 1. Ianthodon schultzei holotype KUVP 133735, combined slab, with outlines of skull bones (outlines by D. Scott, made prior to Kissel and Reisz, 2004, Fig. 2; now exposed as embedded counter slab) and a disarticulated skeleton of the diapsid reptile Petrolacosaurus kansensis (shaded areas); a – angular; ar – articular; c – vertebra centrum; cau – caudal neural arch; cle – cleithrum; co – anterior coracoid; cp – cultriform process of parasphenoid–basisphenoid complex; cr – cervical rib; d – dentary; dr – dorsal rib; h – humerus; n – nasal; na – presacral neural arch; pal – palatine; pc – posterior coronoid; pm – premaxilla; pra – prearticular; ps – parasphenoid–basisphenoid complex; pt – pterygoid; qj – quadratojugal; sa – surangular; sc – scapula; soc – supraoccipital; sp – splenial; v – vomer.

Figure 3. Ianthodon schultzei holotype KUVP 133735 in New information on the cranial and postcranial anatomy of the early synapsid Ianthodon schultzei (Sphenacomorpha: Sphenacodontia), and its evolutionary significance

Figure 3. Ianthodon schultzei holotype KUVP 133735. (a) Redocumented skull; (b) dislocated premaxillae. Fr – frontal; j – jugal; l – lacrimal; m – maxilla; p – parietal; po – postorbital; pof – postfrontal; pp – postparietal; prf – prefrontal; sq – squamosal; st – supratemporal; t – tabular.

Figure 6 in New information on the cranial and postcranial anatomy of the early synapsid Ianthodon schultzei (Sphenacomorpha: Sphenacodontia), and its evolutionary significance

Figure 6. Ianthodon schultzei cranial and skeletal reconstruction. Three-dimensional arrangement and projections based on a wax maquette. Skull in dorsal, ventral and lateral view; mandible in lateral and medial view.

Figure 2. Ianthodon schultzei holotype KUVP 133735 in New information on the cranial and postcranial anatomy of the early synapsid Ianthodon schultzei (Sphenacomorpha: Sphenacodontia), and its evolutionary significance

Figure 2. Ianthodon schultzei holotype KUVP 133735, slab in present condition, combined with photograph of skull area (lower left) before its removal.