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41 results for “critical temperatures”
Data for the extraction of the critical temperature of niobium films deposited on copper produced at CERN for SRF applications
<p>Each data set contains the voltage signal amplitude induced in a pickup coil by an alternating magnetic field, crossing the niobium-film-on-copper sample during its state transition from normal conducting to superconducting, the corresponding sample temperature and the estimated errors for the two measured quantities. File columns: #1 sample temperature in Kelvin, #2 estimated temperature error, #3 voltage amplitude in pickup coil in Volt, #4 estimated amplitude error.</p> <p>One data set corresponds to one sample. The critical temperature can be extracted as fit parameter by fitting the amplitude versus temperature data with a logistic function, where it corresponds to the half height of the state transition curve.</p>
Dataset for DFT and one-step model results used in publication "Persistence of Structural Distortion and Bulk Band Rashba Splitting in SnTe above Its Ferroelectric Critical Temperature" in Nano Letters, 2024, 24, 1, 82–88
<p>Dataset for DFT and one-step model results used in publication DOI 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03280, "Persistence of Structural Distortion and Bulk Band Rashba Splitting in SnTe above Its Ferroelectric Critical Temperature" in Nano Letters, 2024, 24, 1, 82–88.</p> <p>Description of dataset is in the ReadMe.txt file in subdirectories.</p>
Fig. 3 in Growth of Critically Endangered annual fish Austrolebias wolterstorffi (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) at different temperatures
Fig. 3. Standard length (SL) of Austrolebias wolterstorffi sexually differentiated (males and females) and undifferentiated (juveniles), at 46 (A) and 53 (B) days after hatching. Different letters represent significant differences in SL means (A: t test, px <0.05, B: ANOVA, Tukey, p> 0.05).
Fig. 5 in Growth of Critically Endangered annual fish Austrolebias wolterstorffi (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) at different temperatures
Fig. 5. Effect of temperature on growth in standard length (SL) of female (A) and male (B) of Austrolebias wolterstorffi under different ages (DAH = days after hatching). The arrows indicate the inflection points of curves.
Fig. 4 in Growth of Critically Endangered annual fish Austrolebias wolterstorffi (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) at different temperatures
Fig. 4. Effect of temperature on growth in standard length (SL) of Austrolebias wolterstorffi under different ages (DAH = days after hatching). The arrows indicate the inflection points of curves.
Fig. 2 in Growth of Critically Endangered annual fish Austrolebias wolterstorffi (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) at different temperatures
Fig. 2. Standard length (SL) of females (A) and males (B) and weight (W) of females (C) and males (D) (mean ± standard error) Austrolebias wolterstorffi kept in the laboratory for 67 days after hatching (DAH) under different temperatures. Different letters represent significant mean differences between treatments (ANOVA, Tukey, p <0.05)
Fig. 1 in Growth of Critically Endangered annual fish Austrolebias wolterstorffi (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) at different temperatures
Fig. 1. Standard length (SL) (mean ± standard error) of Austrolebias wolterstorffi kept in the laboratory for 46 days after hatching (DAH) under different temperatures. Different letters represent significant mean differences between treatments (ANOVA, Tukey, p <0.05)
Density-pressure isotherms of the 2D Lennard Jones fluid between the triple point temperature and the critical temperature
<p>Pressure-density isotherms of the 2D truncated-shifted Lennard-Jones fluid, with <span class="math-tex">\(r_{c} = 2.5 \sigma\)</span>:</p> <p><span class="math-tex">\(V\left(r\right) = \begin{cases} U\left(r\right) - U\left(r_{c}\right) & \text{if } 0 < r < r_{c}\\ 0 & \text{if } r \geq r_{c} \end{cases}\)</span> with <span class="math-tex">\(U\left(r\right) = 4 \varepsilon \left(\left(\frac{\sigma}{r}\right)^{12}-\left(\frac{\sigma}{r}\right)^{6}\right)\)</span></p> <p>All thermodynamic quantities are reduced with respect to the Lennard-Jones parameters <span class="math-tex">\(\sigma\)</span> and <span class="math-tex">\(\epsilon\)</span> :</p> <ul> <li>Number 2D density <span class="math-tex">\(\rho^{*} = \sigma^{2}\rho\)</span></li> <li>2D pressure <span class="math-tex">\(P^{*} = \frac{\sigma^{2}}{\varepsilon}P\)</span></li> <li>Temperature <span class="math-tex">\(T^{*} = \frac{k_{B} T}{\varepsilon}\)</span></li> </ul> <p>The temperatures of the isotherms are <span class="math-tex">\(T^{*} = 0.40\)</span>, <span class="math-tex">\(T^{*} = 0.41\)</span>, <span class="math-tex">\(T^{*} = 0.42\)</span>, <span class="math-tex">\(T^{*} = 0.43\)</span>, and <span class="math-tex">\(T^{*} = 0.44\)</span> which corresponds to the range of liquid-gas coexistence, between the triple point temperature (<span class="math-tex">\(T_{t}^{*} \approx 0.40\)</span>) and the critical temperature (<span class="math-tex">\(T_{c}^{*} \approx 0.46\)</span>). Here are reported the isotherms for the gas and liquid phases and the coexistence points.</p> <p>The liquid and gas isotherms are obtained by Molecular Dynamics with the LAMMPS software (<a href="https://lammps.sandia.gov/">https://lammps.sandia.gov/</a>). The density and temperature are imposed (Langevin thermostat) and the pressure is computed with the virial estimate. The simulations are performed for 2D systems of dimensions <span class="math-tex">\(L_{x} = 44.9 \sigma\)</span> and <span class="math-tex">\(L_{y} = 46.7 \sigma\)</span> containing between 1300 and 1900 particles in the liquid phase, and 4 to 200 particles in the gas phase. The systems are equilibrated over <span class="math-tex">\(3 \cdot 10^{7}\)</span> times steps. Then, the computation of the thermodynamic properties is performed over a variable number of time steps in order to reach a targeted accuracy (standard deviation of the pressure). The longest simulations (liquid approaching cavitation) require about <span class="math-tex">\(10^{9}\)</span> time steps of computation. The block averaging method is used to estimate the standard deviation of pressure. The data are provided in csv files named as follows : 'liq_TX.XX.txt' for the liquid at temperature <span class="math-tex">\(T^{*} = X.XX\)</span>, and 'gas_TX.XX.txt' for the gas at temperature <span class="math-tex">\(T^{*} = X.XX\)</span>. The first column is the inverse number density <span class="math-tex">\(1/\rho^{*}\)</span>, the second column is the pressure <span class="math-tex">\(P^{*}\)</span>, and the last column is the standard deviation of the pressure <span class="math-tex">\(\Delta P^{*}\)</span>.</p> <p>The coexistence points are obtained by Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo with an in house code. The temperature is imposed and the liquid and gas densities and the coexistence pressure (virial estimate) are computed. The csv file 'coexistence.txt' contains the coexistence data in the following order: the first column is the temperature <span class="math-tex">\(T^{*}\)</span>, the second and third columns are the average and standard deviation of the inverse of the gas number density <span class="math-tex">\(1/\rho_{gas}^{*}\)</span> and <span class="math-tex">\(\Delta\left(1/\rho_{gas}^{*}\right)\)</span>, the forth and fifth columns are the average and standard deviation of the inverse of the liquid number density <span class="math-tex">\(1/\rho_{liq}^{*}\)</span> and <span class="math-tex">\(\Delta\left(1/\rho_{liq}^{*}\right)\)</span>, and the sixth and seventh columns are the average and standard deviation of the coexistence pressure <span class="math-tex">\(P^{*}\)</span> and <span class="math-tex">\(\Delta P^{*}\)</span>.</p> <p>The files 'chart_gas.pdf' and 'chart_liq.pdf' provide graphical display of the data, for the gas and liquid phases respectively.</p>
Southern Sierra Critical Zone Observatory (SSCZO), Providence Creek meteorological data, soil moisture and temperature, snow depth and air temperature
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Body mass, temperature, and pathogen intensity differentially affect critical thermal maxima and their population-level variation in a solitary bee
<p>Climate change presents a major threat to species distribution and persistence. Understanding what abiotic or biotic factors influence the thermal tolerances of natural populations is critical to assessing their vulnerability under rapidly changing thermal regimes. This study evaluates how body mass, local climate, and pathogen intensity influence heat tolerance and its population-level variation (SD) among individuals of the solitary bee <em>Xenoglossa pruinosa</em>. We assess the sex-specific relationships between these factors and heat tolerance given the differences in size between sexes and the ground-nesting behavior of the females. We collected <em>X. pruinosa</em> individuals from fourteen sites across Pennsylvania, USA that varied in mean temperature, precipitation, and soil texture. We measured the critical thermal maxima (CT<sub>max</sub>) of <em>X. pruinosa</em> individuals as our proxy for heat tolerance, and used quantitative PCR to determine relative intensities of three parasite groups—trypanosomes, <em>Spiroplasma apis</em> (mollicute bacteria), and <em>Vairimorpha apis</em> (microsporidian). While there was no difference in CT<sub>max</sub> between the sexes, we found that CT<sub>max</sub> increased significantly with body mass, and that this relationship was stronger for males than for females. Air temperature, precipitation, and soil texture did not predict mean CT<sub>max</sub> for either sex. However, population-level variation in CT<sub>max</sub> was strongly and negatively correlated with air temperature, which suggests that temperature is acting as an environmental filter. Of the parasites screened, only trypanosome intensity correlated with heat tolerance. Specifically, trypanosome intensity negatively correlated with the CT<sub>max</sub> of female <em>X. pruinosa</em> but not males. Our results highlight the importance of considering size, sex, and infection status when evaluating thermal tolerance traits. Importantly, this study reveals the need to evaluate trends in the variation of heat tolerance within and between populations, and consider implications of reduced variation in heat tolerance for the persistence of ectotherms in future climate conditions. </p>
Tropical forests are approaching critical temperature thresholds
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>The critical temperature beyond which<strong> </strong>photosynthetic machinery in tropical trees begins to fail averages ~<span>46.7°C </span>(T<sub>crit</sub>) <sup>1</sup>. However, it remains unclear whether leaf temperatures experienced by tropical vegetation approach this threshold or soon will under climate change. We found that pantropical canopy temperatures independently triangulated from individual leaf thermocouples, pyrgeometers, and remote sensing (ECOSTRESS) have midday-peak temperatures of ~34°C during dry periods, with a long high-temperature tail that can exceed 40°C. Leaf thermocouple data from multiple sites across the tropics suggest that even within pixels of moderate temperatures, upper-canopy leaves exceed T<sub>crit</sub> 0.01% of the time. Further, upper-canopy leaf warming experiments (+2, 3, and 4°C in Brazil, Puerto Rico, and Australia) increased leaf temperatures non-linearly with peak leaf temperatures exceeding T<sub>crit</sub> 1.3% of the time (11% >43.5°C, 0.3% >49.9°C). Using an empirical model incorporating these dynamics (validated with warming experiment data), we found that tropical forests can withstand up to a 3.9 ± 0.5 °C increase in air temperatures before a potential collapse in metabolic function, but the remaining uncertainty in our understanding of T<sub>crit</sub> could reduce this to 2.6 ± 0.6°C. The 4.0°C estimate is within the "worst case scenario" (RCP-8.5) of climate change predictions<sup>2</sup> for tropical forests and therefore it is still within our power to decide (e.g., by not taking the RCP 8.5 route) the fate of these critical realms of carbon, water, and biodiversity <sup>3,4</sup>.</span></p>
Effects of Intravenous Acetaminophen on Body Temperature and Hemodynamic Responses in Febrile Critically Ill Adults
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01869699. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 13.
Tropical forests are approaching critical temperature thresholds
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Body mass, temperature, and pathogen intensity differentially affect critical thermal maxima and their population-level variation in a solitary bee
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The critical impact of sub- and supra-optimal temperatures on male fertility potential of an invasive fruit fly
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Critical thermal maxima of early life stages of three tropical fishes: effects of rearing temperature and experimental heating rate
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Southern Sierra Critical Zone Observatory (SSCZO), Wolverton Creek meteorological data, soil moisture and temperature
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Data from: The analysis and interpretation of critical temperatures
Critical temperatures are widely used to quantify the upper and lower thermal limits of organisms. But measured critical temperatures often vary with methodological details, leading to spirited discussions about the potential consequences of stress and acclimation during the experiments. We review a model based on the simple assumption that failure rate increases with increasing temperature, independent of previous temperature exposure, water loss or metabolism during the experiment. The model predicts that mean critical thermal maximal temperatures (CTmax) increases nonlinearly with starting temperature and ramping rate, a pattern frequently observed in empirical studies. We then develop a statistical model that estimates a failure rate function (the relationship between failure rate and current temperature) using maximum likelihood; the best model accounts for 58% of the variation in CTmax in an exemplary dataset for tsetse flies. We then extend the model to incorporate potential effects of stress and acclimation on the failure rate function; the results show how stress accumulation at low ramping rate may increase the failure rate and reduce observed values of CTmax. We also applied the model to an acclimation experiment with hornworm larvae that used a single starting temperature and ramping rate; the analyses show that increasing acclimation temperature significantly reduced the slope of the failure rate function, increasing the temperature at which failure occurred. The model directly applies to critical thermal minima, and can utilize data from both ramping and constant temperature assays. Our model provides a new approach to analyzing and interpreting critical temperatures.
Conservation genetics of an island-endemic lizard: low Ne and the critical role of intermediate temperatures for genetic connectivity
<p>Island populations are at higher risk of extinction than mainland populations. Therefore, understanding the factors that facilitate connectivity is particularly pressing for the conservation of island taxa. <i>Sceloporus occidentalis becki</i>, the Island Fence Lizard, is an endemic taxon restricted to the Northern Channel Islands, part of a nearshore archipelago in Southern California, USA. Since the Last Glacial Maximum, fence lizard habitat on the Northern Channel Islands has decreased with rising sea levels and increasing temperatures that have reduced the availability of woody vegetation. More recently, the introduction (and subsequent removal) of invasive ungulates over the last 170 years and recovery of vegetation has resulted in further dramatic habitat modification. Given the potential for genetic bottlenecks, the history of habitat alteration, and topographic and landscape complexity, we used landscape and population genetic approaches to characterize patterns of genetic diversity and structure of Island Fence Lizards on Santa Cruz Island, the largest of the Northern Channel Islands. Our analyses revealed shallow population structure across the island, low effective population size (<i>N<sub>e</sub></i> = ~200), and evidence for a recent genetic bottleneck. Landscape genetic analyses showed that connectivity is facilitated by tree canopy cover and shrubland, as well as by intermediate temperatures, emphasizing the importance of woody vegetation and habitats with variable thermal regimes as the climate warms. Combined, these population and landscape genetic analyses suggest that the Island Fence Lizard is of greater conservation concern than currently appreciated, and increased conservation management focus is warranted for this island endemic.</p>
Raw data for publication titled " GaN buffer growth temperature and efficiency of InGaN/GaN quantum wells: The critical role of nitrogen vacancies at the GaN surface"
<p>Raw data (Time-resolved photoluminescence and Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry) used for the publication: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0040326">https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0040326</a></p> <p>Layer sequence of each sample could be found in the excel sheet named SampleLibrary</p> <p> </p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.