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16 results for “critical thresholds”
Overshooting the critical threshold for the Greenland ice sheet
<p>Model output of PISM-dEBM-simple and Yelmo-REMBO used in the paper <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06503-9"><strong>Overshooting the critical threshold for the Greenland ice sheet</strong></a>. Code for analysis/recreating the main figures of the paper is provided as well as an example script of how to run PISM-dEBM-simple.</p><p>The models, methods and the used parameters are described in the paper.</p><p>Contact: nils.bochow@uit.no</p>
Wildfires and climate change push low-elevation forests across a critical climate threshold for tree regeneration
Climate change is increasing fire activity in the western United States, which has the potential to accelerate climate-induced shifts in vegetation communities. Wildfire can catalyze vegetation change by killing adult trees that could otherwise persist in climate conditions no longer suitable for seedling establishment and survival. Recently documented declines in postfire conifer recruitment in the western United States may be an example of this phenomenon. However, the role of annual climate variation and its interaction with long-term climate trends in driving these changes is poorly resolved. Here we examine the relationship between annual climate and postfire tree regeneration of two dominant, low-elevation conifers (ponderosa pine and Douglas-fir) using annually resolved establishment dates from 2,935 destructively sampled trees from 33 wildfires across four regions in the western United States. We show that regeneration had a nonlinear response to annual climate conditions, with distinct thresholds for recruitment based on vapor pressure deficit, soil moisture, and maximum surface temperature. At dry sites across our study region, seasonal to annual climate conditions over the past 20 years have crossed these thresholds, such that conditions have become increasingly unsuitable for regeneration. High fire severity and low seed availability further reduced the probability of postfire regeneration. Together, our results demonstrate that climate change combined with high severity fire is leading to increasingly fewer opportunities for seedlings to establish after wildfires and may lead to ecosystem transitions in low-elevation ponderosa pine and Douglas-fir forests across the western United States.
Data related to the manuscript "Functional relationships between critical erosion thresholds of fine reservoir sediments and their sedimentological characteristics"
<p>-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</p> <p>Data used in the publication "Functional relationships between critical erosion thresholds of fine reservoir sediments and their sedimentological characteristics", which is accepted by the Journal of Hydraulic Engineering and will be published in a forthcoming issue.</p> <p>Beckers, F., K. Koca, S. Haun, M. Noack, S. U. Gerbersdorf, and S. Wieprecht. Forthcoming. „Functional relationships between critical erosion thresholds of fine reservoir sediments and their sedimentological characteristics.” J. Hydraul. Eng. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.00019864">https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001984</a></p> <p> </p> <p>The data consists of two files:</p> <ul> <li>GBS.txt contains the sediment data of the reservoir <em>Großer Brombachsee</em></li> <li>SBT.txt contains the sediment data of the reservoir <em>Schwarzenbachtalsperre</em></li> </ul> <p>Both files contain information on the sediment depth and erosion stability separated into τ<sub>c,0</sub> and τ<sub>c,S</sub>.</p> <p>Furthermore, both files contain a collection of physico-chemical sediment parameters, including bulk density, sediment composition (Clay, Silt, Sand), percentiles (d<sub>10</sub>, d<sub>50</sub>, d<sub>90</sub>),cation exchange capacity (CEC), and organic content (TOC).</p> <p>Additionally, the SBT data contains biological sediment parameters, including chlorophyll-a (CHL-a), and extracellular polymeric substances separated into proteins (EPS-p) and carbohydrates (EPS-c).<br> -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</p> <p>The data was collected within the transdisciplinary research project "CHARM - Challenges of Reservoir Management".</p> <p>-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</p>
Data, Scripts underlying the publication: Identifying the critical turbidity threshold to maintain estuarine tidal flats worldwide
<p>Data & Scripts featured in the currently unpublished manuscript (as of 21-07-2023) Grandjean et al.: 'Identifying the critical turbidity threshold to maintain estuarine tidal flats worldwide'. This study explores the relationship between tidal range and turbidity concentrations on the morphological trajectory of unvegetated tidal flats at a global scale. These files include the scripts used to produce digital elevation models per estuary.</p> <p> </p>
Wildfires and climate change push low-elevation forests across a critical climate threshold for tree regeneration
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Dataset used for analyzing the critical area thresholds for undergoing rapid increases of established non-native terrestrial vertebrates in global islands
<p>Biological invasions are among the threats to global biodiversity and social sustainability, especially on islands. Identifying the threshold of area at which non-native species begin to increase abruptly is crucial for the early prevention strategies. The small-island effect (SIE) was proposed to quantify the nonlinear relationship between native species richness and area but has not yet been applied to non-native species and thus to predict the key breakpoints at which established non-native species start to increase rapidly. Here, based on the extensive global dataset including 769 non-native bird, mammal, amphibian, and reptile species established on 4,277 islands across 54 archipelagos, we detected a high prevalence of SIEs across 66.7% of archipelagos, and approximately 50% of islands have reached the threshold area and thus may be undergoing a rapid increase of biological invasions. SIEs were more likely to occur in those archipelagos with more non-native species introduction events, more established historical non-native species, lower habitat diversity and larger archipelago area range. Our findings may have important implications not only for targeted surveillance of biological invasions on global islands but also for predicting the responses of both non-native and native species to ongoing habitat fragmentation under sustained land-use modification and climate change.</p>
Tropical forests are approaching critical temperature thresholds
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>The critical temperature beyond which<strong> </strong>photosynthetic machinery in tropical trees begins to fail averages ~<span>46.7°C </span>(T<sub>crit</sub>) <sup>1</sup>. However, it remains unclear whether leaf temperatures experienced by tropical vegetation approach this threshold or soon will under climate change. We found that pantropical canopy temperatures independently triangulated from individual leaf thermocouples, pyrgeometers, and remote sensing (ECOSTRESS) have midday-peak temperatures of ~34°C during dry periods, with a long high-temperature tail that can exceed 40°C. Leaf thermocouple data from multiple sites across the tropics suggest that even within pixels of moderate temperatures, upper-canopy leaves exceed T<sub>crit</sub> 0.01% of the time. Further, upper-canopy leaf warming experiments (+2, 3, and 4°C in Brazil, Puerto Rico, and Australia) increased leaf temperatures non-linearly with peak leaf temperatures exceeding T<sub>crit</sub> 1.3% of the time (11% >43.5°C, 0.3% >49.9°C). Using an empirical model incorporating these dynamics (validated with warming experiment data), we found that tropical forests can withstand up to a 3.9 ± 0.5 °C increase in air temperatures before a potential collapse in metabolic function, but the remaining uncertainty in our understanding of T<sub>crit</sub> could reduce this to 2.6 ± 0.6°C. The 4.0°C estimate is within the "worst case scenario" (RCP-8.5) of climate change predictions<sup>2</sup> for tropical forests and therefore it is still within our power to decide (e.g., by not taking the RCP 8.5 route) the fate of these critical realms of carbon, water, and biodiversity <sup>3,4</sup>.</span></p>
Dataset used for analyzing the critical area thresholds for undergoing rapid increases of established non-native terrestrial vertebrates in global islands
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Tropical forests are approaching critical temperature thresholds
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Data for: Critical habitat thresholds for effective pollinator conservation in agricultural landscapes
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Data from: Patterns and thresholds of grazing-induced changes in community structure and ecosystem functioning: species-level responses and the critical role of species traits
Overgrazing has resulted in widespread decline in biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in grasslands worldwide in recent decades. However, few studies have examined the patterns and thresholds of grazing-induced changes in community structure and ecosystem functioning along a grazing gradient and based on species-level responses and plant functional traits. To identify the thresholds of grazing intensity at both species and community levels, we conducted a grazing manipulation experiment with seven levels of grazing intensity (0–9 sheep ha-1) and two topographies (flat versus slope) in a typical steppe. Four plant functional traits were measured, including specific leaf area (SLA), plant height, leaf nitrogen content (LNC) and stem: leaf ratio (SLR). The threshold of grazing intensity that significantly altered community composition was at 3.75 sheep ha-1 for the flat system and 3.0 sheep ha-1 for the slope system. For both flat and slope systems, the threshold grazing intensity for changes in primary productivity was at 3.0 sheep ha-1, beyond which the productivity decreased substantially. At species level, the abundances of common species, most of which are perennial grasses, declined at moderate grazing intensities (3.0–4.5 sheep ha-1). The abundances of most rare species, which are perennial forbs, declined at low grazing intensities (1.5–3.0 sheep ha-1). Specific leaf area and leaf nitrogen content are good predictors of species-level responses to grazing. Low SLA and high LNC species are negatively affected by high grazing intensity, while high SLA and low LNC species are little affected by grazing. The negative effect of grazing intensity on species abundance was greater in the slope system than in the flat system. Synthesis and applications. Our results indicate that the structural and functioning thresholds of grazing intensity depend on plant traits and species composition, which is mediated by topographic location. These findings, integrating plant functional traits and threshold approaches, have important implications for determining sustainable grazing intensity in grassland management and biodiversity conservation in semi-arid regions.
Pilot Optimizing Transfusion Thresholds in Critically-ill Children With Anaemia
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03871244. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Data from: Patterns and thresholds of grazing-induced changes in community structure and ecosystem functioning: species-level responses and the critical role of species traits
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Committed global warming risks crossing critical thresholds for climate tipping points
<p>Scripts and data used to create results and figures for manuscript "Committed global warming risks crossing critical thresholds for climate tipping points"</p>
The Critical Threshold of Pulse Oximetry Plethysmographic Waveform Parameters in High Quality CPR
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03754946. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
A threshold level of NFATc1 activity is critical for thymocyte differentiation and to prevent leukemia development
GEO Series GSE80138. Mus musculus. 2 samples. Type: Genome binding/occupancy profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.