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CT-Scan Image Dataset of Residual Fluid-Driven Fracture in a Molasse de Villarlod Sandstone Core - Post-Radial Hydraulic Fracture Experiment - M03 Sample
<h3><strong>Dataset Description</strong></h3> <p>This dataset contains high-resolution CT-scan images that capture the residual fracture surface within a core sample of Molasse de Villarlod Sandstone. The core sample was extracted after conducting a radial hydraulic fracture experiment on a 25 × 25 × 25 cm cubic block of sandstone (M03 sample). The experiment was designed to simulate fluid-driven fracture propagation and closure, and the resulting fracture path was preserved in the core sample.</p> <p><strong>Core Location in the M03 Cube Sample:</strong></p> <ul> <li><strong>Z:</strong> 12.5 cm</li> <li><strong>South-North:</strong> 12.5 cm</li> <li><strong>West-East:</strong> 11.5 cm to 1.36 cm (Coring direction)</li> </ul> <p>This spatial information specifies the exact location and orientation of the core extraction within the M03 cube sample.</p> <h4><strong>CT-scan instrument details:</strong></h4> <p>The M03 sample was analyzed using an X-ray micro-CT scanner (RX-Solutions Ultratom) under consistent scanning protocols and parameters. A reflective 230 kV microfocus X-ray source (Hamamatsu L10801) equipped with a 0.2 mm thick copper filter, a tungsten cathode, and a tungsten target was employed for the imaging process. The scans were conducted with a voltage of 120 kV and a current intensity of 80 mA.</p> <p>The volume data acquisition was performed in continuous helical mode, ensuring complete coverage of the sample’s height. For sample M03, 6 full rotations were executed, with 1312 projections captured for each 360° rotation, allowing for highly precise volume reconstruction. The X-ray beam attenuation was recorded by an XL Varex Paxscan 2530HE plane detector with a resolution of 2176 x 1792 pixels, and an exposure time of 0.50 seconds per projection.</p> <p>The acquired projections were processed using RX-Solutions X-act software with Filtered Backprojection to reconstruct a corrected volume. This reconstruction yielded approximately 9000 slices in 16-bit TIFF format, with voxel dimensions of 10 x 10 x 10 microns, providing detailed insights into the internal structure of the sample.</p> <h4><strong>Key Features:</strong></h4> <ul> <li> <p><strong>Fracture Characteristics</strong>: The fracture observed in the CT-scans represents a residual opening that remains post-fracturation. It is entirely contained within the core, showcasing the internal fracture geometry resulting from the hydraulic fracturing process.</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>CT-Scan Details</strong>: The CT-scans were taken perpendicular to the fracture surface, offering a detailed cross-sectional view of the fracture at different depths. This orientation is critical for accurately capturing the fracture morphology and allows for the reconstruction of the fracture surface in 3D.</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>Material Information</strong>: The core sample is composed of Molasse de Villarlod Sandstone, a sedimentary rock which is porous (18% porosity) and permeable. This material choice is relevant for studying fracture closure subjected to the leak-off of the fluid inside the porous medium.</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>Experimental Context</strong>: The radial hydraulic fracture experiment aimed to simulate the propagation of hydraulic fracture and its closure due to the leakage of fluid inside fracture into the porous medium. The dataset provides valuable insights into fracture propagation patterns, surface roughness, and the effects of fluid-driven fractures in porous media.</p> </li> </ul> <h4><strong>Applications:</strong></h4> <p>This dataset is particularly valuable for researchers and engineers involved in:</p> <ul> <li>Fracture mechanics and surface characterization</li> <li>3D reconstruction and visualization of fracture surfaces</li> <li>Surface roughness analysis</li> <li>Hydraulic fracturing studies</li> <li>Geomechanical modeling</li> </ul> <h4><strong>File Structure:</strong></h4> <p>The dataset is organized into zip-folder contains .tif images corresponding to different depths within the core. Each tif-image is a CT-scan for that specific depth, labeled according to their position along the fracture path.</p> <h4><strong>Processing code:</strong></h4> <p>Follow the <strong>URL repository</strong> in the software section to access to the code for processing these images and reconstructing the fracture surfaces.</p> <p><strong>Acknowledgment:</strong></p> <p>We would like to extend our deepest thanks to Gary Perrenoud, Albert Taureg, and Lionel Pittet, the technical specialists of the PIXE platform at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL). Their expertise and support in operating the CT-scan machine were important to the success of this research. We greatly appreciate their dedication and the high-quality work they provided.</p> <p><strong>Contact and Support:</strong></p> <p>Email:</p> <p>Brice Lecampion: brice.lecampion@epfl.ch</p> <p>Mohsen Talebkeikhah: m.talebkeikhah@gmail.com</p>
Fig. 14 in A new species of Copionodon representing a relictual occurrence of the Copionodontinae (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), with a CT-scan imaging survey of key subfamilial features
Fig. 14. Copionodon exotatos, holotype, MZUSP 120631, CT-scan image of posterior part of skull and Weberian capsule, dorsal view. Abbreviations: FR1, First Ray 1; CC, complex centrum; WC, Weberian capsule; VC, vertebrae centrum; PR, pleural ribs.
Fig. 15 in A new species of Copionodon representing a relictual occurrence of the Copionodontinae (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), with a CT-scan imaging survey of key subfamilial features
Fig. 15. Copionodon exotatos, holotype, MZUSP 120631, CT-scan images of left palatine and associated entopterygoid: a. dorsal view, b. ventral view, c. with entopterygoid removed. Abbreviations: PAL, palatine; EN, entopterygoid.
Fig. 13 in A new species of Copionodon representing a relictual occurrence of the Copionodontinae (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), with a CT-scan imaging survey of key subfamilial features
Fig. 13. Copionodon exotatos, holotype, MZUSP 120631, CT-scan image of opercle and interopercle, right side. Abbreviations: VOD, vestigial odontodes; OP, opercle; INT, interopercle. Lateral view.
Fig. 9 in A new species of Copionodon representing a relictual occurrence of the Copionodontinae (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), with a CT-scan imaging survey of key subfamilial features
Fig. 9. Copionodon exotatos, holotype, MZUSP 120631, CT-scan image of anterior portion of skull, dorsal view. Abbreviations: PMX, premaxilla; MX, maxilla; QUA, quadrate; PO, preopercle; ME, mesethmoid; AF, anterior fontanel; FR, frontal; DEN, dentary; PAL, palatine; AA, anguloarticular; LE, lateral ethmoid; HYO, hyomandibula.
Fig. 8 in A new species of Copionodon representing a relictual occurrence of the Copionodontinae (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), with a CT-scan imaging survey of key subfamilial features
Fig. 8. Collection site of Copionodon exotatos, right-hand branch of Riacho do Mosquito (trib. to rio Santo Antônio, rio Paraguaçu drainage), immediately upstream from Cachoeira do Mosquito (12º21'59.51"S, 41 ºS 22"19.37"W) at exit of rock-enclosed sector.
Fig. 5 in A new species of Copionodon representing a relictual occurrence of the Copionodontinae (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), with a CT-scan imaging survey of key subfamilial features
Fig. 5. Copionodon exotatos, paratype, MZUSP 121656, basibranchials and hypobranchials, dorsal view. Grey areas represent cartilage. Abbreviations: BB2-4, basibranchials 2 to 4; HB1-3, hypobranchials 1 to 3. Scale bar = 1 mm.
Fig. 4 in A new species of Copionodon representing a relictual occurrence of the Copionodontinae (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), with a CT-scan imaging survey of key subfamilial features
Fig. 4. Copionodon exotatos, paratype, MZUSP 121656, opercle and interopercle, right side, lateral view. Abbreviations: OPOD, opercular odontodes; OP, opercle; INT, interopercle. Scale bar = 1 mm.
Fig. 10 in A new beaked whale record from the upper Miocene of Menorca, Balearic Islands, based on CT-scan analysis of limestone slabs
Fig. 10. Comparison of the dorsal view of the preserved cranium of Messapicetus cf. longirostris (MDM-2029) with some stem beaked whales. The dotted ovals indicate the extent of the prenarial basin.
Fig. 7. 3D in A new beaked whale record from the upper Miocene of Menorca, Balearic Islands, based on CT-scan analysis of limestone slabs
Fig. 7. 3D reconstruction resulting from the CT-scan of the ziphiid cetacean Messapicetus cf. longirostris Bianucci, Landini, and Varola, 1992 skull MDM-2029) inside two limestone slabs from the Tortonian of Menorca (Balearic Islands, Spain); in left lateral view (A1), left lateral view without the mandibles (A2), detail of the orbital area (A3).
Fig. 8 in A new beaked whale record from the upper Miocene of Menorca, Balearic Islands, based on CT-scan analysis of limestone slabs
Fig. 8. CT-scan of the ziphiid cetacean Messapicetus cf. longirostris Bianucci, Landini, and Varola, 1992 skull (MDM-2029) inside two limestone slabs from the Tortonian of Menorca (Balearic Islands, Spain). A. Transverse section of the rostrum. B. Dorsal outline of the cranium showing the position of the section. C. Variation of the gray-value density along the transverse section of the rostrum.
Fig. 6. 3D in A new beaked whale record from the upper Miocene of Menorca, Balearic Islands, based on CT-scan analysis of limestone slabs
Fig. 6. 3D reconstruction resulting from the CT-scan of the ziphiid cetacean Messapicetus cf. longirostris Bianucci, Landini, and Varola, 1992 skull (MDM-2029) inside two limestone slabs from the Tortonian of Menorca (Balearic Islands, Spain); in right lateral view (A1), right lateral view without the mandibles (A2), detail of the pterygoid hamuli showing the well-preserved transverse crests (A3).
Fig. 4. 3D in A new beaked whale record from the upper Miocene of Menorca, Balearic Islands, based on CT-scan analysis of limestone slabs
Fig. 4. 3D reconstruction resulting from the CT-scan of the ziphiid cetacean Messapicetus cf. longirostris Bianucci, Landini, and Varola, 1992 skull (MDM-2029) inside two limestone slabs from the Tortonian of Menorca (Balearic Islands, Spain); in anterior view, showing transverse cross sections of the rostrum (A1–A4) made at different distances from the rostrum base. Not to scale.
Fig. 9 in A new beaked whale record from the upper Miocene of Menorca, Balearic Islands, based on CT-scan analysis of limestone slabs
Fig. 9. CT-scan 3D reconstruction of the posterior portion of the left mandible of the ziphiid cetacean Messapicetus cf. longirostris Bianucci, Landini, and Varola, 1992 skull (MDM-2029) inside two limestone slabs from Tortonian of Menorca (Balearic Islands, Spain); in anterior (A1) lateral (A2) posterior (A3), and medial (A4) views.
Fig. 3. 3D in A new beaked whale record from the upper Miocene of Menorca, Balearic Islands, based on CT-scan analysis of limestone slabs
Fig. 3. 3D reconstruction resulting from the CT-scan of the ziphiid cetacean Messapicetus cf. longirostris Bianucci, Landini, and Varola, 1992 skull MDM-2029) inside two limestone slabs from the Tortonian of Menorca (Balearic Islands, Spain), in dorsal (A1) and anterodorsal (A2) views.
Fig. 2 in A new beaked whale record from the upper Miocene of Menorca, Balearic Islands, based on CT-scan analysis of limestone slabs
Fig. 2. The two limestone slabs showing longitudinal cross sections of the Messapicetus cf. longirostris skull (MDM-2029) from the Tortonian of Menorca (Balearic Islands, Spain). A. Surface of slab 1 (A1, top; A2, bottom), details of A2 (A3, A4, explanatory drawing). B. Surface of slab 2 (B1, top; B2, bottom).
Fig. 5. 3D in A new beaked whale record from the upper Miocene of Menorca, Balearic Islands, based on CT-scan analysis of limestone slabs
Fig. 5. 3D reconstruction resulting from the CT-scan of the ziphiid cetacean Messapicetus cf. longirostris Bianucci, Landini, and Varola, 1992 skull (MDM- 2029) inside two limestone slabs from the Tortonian of Menorca (Balearic Islands, Spain); in ventral view (A1), ventral view without the mandibles (A2).
Fig. 11 in A new beaked whale record from the upper Miocene of Menorca, Balearic Islands, based on CT-scan analysis of limestone slabs
Fig. 11. Geographic distribution of fossil remains of Messapicetus from upper Miocene deposits worldwide (see text for data sources).
CT-Scan Image Dataset of Residual Fluid-Driven Fracture in a Molasse de Villarlod Sandstone Core - Post-Radial Hydraulic Fracture Experiment - M04 Sample
<h3><strong>Dataset Description</strong></h3> <p>This dataset contains high-resolution CT-scan images that capture the residual fracture surface within a core sample of Molasse de Villarlod Sandstone. The core sample was extracted after conducting a radial hydraulic fracture experiment on a 25 × 25 × 25 cm cubic block of sandstone (M04 Smaple). The experiment was designed to simulate fluid-driven fracture propagation and closure, and the resulting fracture path was preserved in the core sample.</p> <p><strong>Core Location in the M04 Cube Sample:</strong></p> <ul> <li><strong>Z:</strong> 12.5 cm</li> <li><strong>South-North:</strong> 12.5 cm</li> <li><strong>West-East:</strong> 13.5 cm to 23.3 cm (Coring direction)</li> </ul> <p>This spatial information specifies the exact location and orientation of the core extraction within the M04 cube sample.</p> <h4><strong>CT-scan instrument details:</strong></h4> <p>The M04 sample was analyzed using an X-ray micro-CT scanner (RX-Solutions Ultratom) under consistent scanning protocols and parameters. A reflective 230 kV microfocus X-ray source (Hamamatsu L10801) equipped with a 0.2 mm thick copper filter, a tungsten cathode, and a tungsten target was employed for the imaging process. The scans were conducted with a voltage of 120 kV and a current intensity of 80 mA.</p> <p>The volume data acquisition was performed in continuous helical mode, ensuring complete coverage of the sample’s height. For sample M04, 5 full rotations were executed, with 1312 projections captured for each 360° rotation, allowing for highly precise volume reconstruction. The X-ray beam attenuation was recorded by an XL Varex Paxscan 2530HE plane detector with a resolution of 2176 x 1792 pixels, and an exposure time of 0.50 seconds per projection.</p> <p>The acquired projections were processed using RX-Solutions X-act software with Filtered Backprojection to reconstruct a corrected volume. This reconstruction yielded approximately 9000 slices in 16-bit TIFF format, with voxel dimensions of 10 x 10 x 10 microns, providing detailed insights into the internal structure of the sample.</p> <h4><strong>Key Features:</strong></h4> <ul> <li> <p><strong>Fracture Characteristics</strong>: The fracture observed in the CT-scans represents a residual opening that remains post-fracturation. It is entirely contained within the core, showcasing the internal fracture geometry resulting from the hydraulic fracturing process.</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>CT-Scan Details</strong>: The CT-scans were taken perpendicular to the fracture surface, offering a detailed cross-sectional view of the fracture at different depths. This orientation is critical for accurately capturing the fracture morphology and allows for the reconstruction of the fracture surface in 3D.</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>Material Information</strong>: The core sample is composed of Molasse de Villarlod Sandstone, a sedimentary rock which is porous (18% porosity) and permeable. This material choice is relevant for studying fracture closure subjected to the leak-off of the fluid inside the porous medium.</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>Experimental Context</strong>: The radial hydraulic fracture experiment aimed to simulate the propagation of hydraulic fracture and its closure due to the leakage of fluid inside fracture into the porous medium. The dataset provides valuable insights into fracture propagation patterns, surface roughness, and the effects of fluid-driven fractures in porous media.</p> </li> </ul> <h4><strong>Applications:</strong></h4> <p>This dataset is particularly valuable for researchers and engineers involved in:</p> <ul> <li>Fracture mechanics and surface characterization</li> <li>3D reconstruction and visualization of fracture surfaces</li> <li>Surface roughness analysis</li> <li>Hydraulic fracturing studies</li> <li>Geomechanical modeling</li> </ul> <h4><strong>File Structure:</strong></h4> <p>The dataset is organized into zip-folder contains .tif images corresponding to different depths within the core. Each tif-image is a CT-scan for that specific depth, labeled according to their position along the fracture path.</p> <h4><strong>Processing code:</strong></h4> <p>Follow the <strong>URL repository</strong> in the software section to access to the code for processing these images and reconstructing the fracture surfaces.</p> <p><strong>Acknowledgment:</strong></p> <p>We would like to extend our deepest thanks to Gary Perrenoud, Albert Taureg, and Lionel Pittet, the technical specialists of the PIXE platform at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL). Their expertise and support in operating the CT-scan machine were important to the success of this research. We greatly appreciate their dedication and the high-quality work they provided.</p> <p><strong>Contact and Support:</strong></p> <p>Email:</p> <p>Brice Lecampion: brice.lecampion@epfl.ch</p> <p>Mohsen Talebkeikhah: m.talebkeikhah@gmail.com</p>
TCIA/TGCA-LIHC portal venous phase CT-scans for cirrhosis classification
<p>These are the scans provided by The Cancer Genome Atlas Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma (TCGA-LIHC) data collection, published by The Cancer Imaging Archive <a href="https://wiki.cancerimagingarchive.net/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=6885436">here</a> and used in our <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.04617">MICCAI 2023 paper</a>. You can find the GitHub of the paper <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.04617">here</a>.</p> <p>All the data are submitted to <a href="https://wiki.cancerimagingarchive.net/display/Public/Data+Usage+Policies+and+Restrictions">TCIA data usage policy</a> and must be strictly respected by future users.</p> <p>The selected scans are in portal venous phase, which is the phase that is clinically used to identify cirrhosis. In this list, you will find all the patients available in the TCGA-LIHC database, regardless of the availability of the annotations or the duplicated patients at different dates. In the dataframe provided in the Git repo, you will find the dataframe with one scan per patient (only at the first date), and with the Ishak score for each patient provided in the TCIA/TGCA database, which are the exact ones that we used in the paper. The names of the scans in the dataframe match exactly the ones below, to ease reproducibility. </p> <p>The scans are already pre-processed and are the exact ones that we use in evaluation phase in the published paper.</p>
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