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113 results for “danger”
Source data for publication "Bacteria use exogenous peptidoglycan as a danger signal to trigger biofilm formation"
<p><strong>This dataset contains the source data for the figures in the following publication: </strong></p> <p><strong>Title: </strong>Bacteria use exogenous peptidoglycan as a danger signal to trigger biofilm formation</p> <p><strong>Authors: </strong>Sanika Vaidya, Dibya Saha, Daniel K.H. Rode, Gabriel Torrens, Mads F. Hansen, Praveen K. Singh, Eric Jelli, Kazuki Nosho, Hannah Jeckel, Stephan Göttig, Felipe Cava, Knut Drescher</p> <p><strong>Journal: </strong>Nature Microbiology, 2025</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Description of the dataset: </strong></p> <p>The data is organized by figures in the publication receferenced above. For each figure, there is a XLSX-file that contains the processed data and a ZIP-archive that contains the raw image data. The ZIP-archive also contains readme documents with more detailed descriptions for every set of raw image data. </p> <p>Example: For Figure 1 in the main text of the publication, there following data are available:</p> <ul> <li>raw data: Figure_01.zip</li> <li>processed data: Processed_Source_Data_Figure1.xlsx</li> </ul> <p>Similarly, XLSX-files and ZIP-archives are available for the main text Figures 1-6. For the Extended Data (ED) Figures 1-10, there are XLSX-files available that present the data shown in each figure. Only some of the Extended Data Figures present results based on image data - therefore raw image data ZIP-archives are only available for ED Figures 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.</p>
MERICS China Podcast: The dangerous waters of the South China Sea, with Helena Legarda
<p>German Defense Minister Boris Pistorius' trip to the Asia-Pacific region in recent days shows that the region is becoming increasingly important for Germany and Europe. The trip took place against the backdrop of growing tensions in the region, particularly in the South China Sea. Beijing’s claims in the waters are far reaching and cover nearly 90 percent of the area. This claim is mostly based on its use in history by Chinese fishermen – and not supported by international law. Other countries bordering the South China Sea, like Brunei, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan and Vietnam, also lay claim to parts of the same area.</p> <p>The waters of the South China Sea are vitally important for international trade and rich in natural resources – oil and gas fields are suspected to lie underground – and fishing grounds. Yet, the failure to find a mode of cooperation has precluded the extraction of resources and put in question the safety of the region for commercial shipping.</p> <p>In this episode of our MERICS China Podcast, MERICS Lead Analyst<strong> Helena Legarda</strong> and podcast host <strong>Johannes Heller-John</strong> talk about recent developments in the region. This episode was recorded on July 17, 2024.</p>
Predator cues and pesticides: A double dose of danger for amphibians.
Amphibians are declining globally, and biologists have struggled to identify the causes. Pesticides may play a role in these declines, but pesticide concentrations in nature often are low and considered sublethal. Past research has found that the globally common pesticide carbaryl can become more lethal under different environmental conditions including differences in temperature and competition. A recent study has found that predatory stress, a situation common for most amphibians, can make carbaryl 2–4 times more deadly to gray tree frogs (Hyla versicolor). To determine whether this is a general phenomenon in amphibians, I examined how carbaryl affected the survival of six amphibian species in the presence and absence of predatory stress. Higher concentrations of carbaryl caused higher mortality. In two of the six species, carbaryl became even more lethal when combined with predatory stress (up to 46 times more lethal). This suggests that apparently safe concentrations of carbaryl (and perhaps other pesticides with similar modes of action) can become more deadly to some amphibian species when combined with predator cues.
Fig. 3 in Danger under wheels: mammal roadkills in the threaten lowland Atlantic Forest in southeast Brazil
Fig. 3. Roadkill hotspots of mammal species recorded along the RJ-122 highway (from Km 1 to Km 34) between October 2017 and January 2020, in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The largest number of roadkills is concentrated in two regions (black location icon), Km 23/24 (N = 22 and N = 24) and Km 28/29 (N = 18 and N = 22).
Fig. 1 in Danger under wheels: mammal roadkills in the threaten lowland Atlantic Forest in southeast Brazil
Fig. 1. Biplot of the five most roadkilled species of mammals (Didelphis aurita, Coendou insidiosus, Cerdocyon thous, Dasypus novemcinctus and Callithrix jacchus) along the RJ-122 highway between October 2017 and January 2020, in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Circle: mammal species; Triangle: months of the year.
Fig. 2 in Danger under wheels: mammal roadkills in the threaten lowland Atlantic Forest in southeast Brazil
Fig. 2. Frequency of roadkill mammals over every kilometer along the RJ- 122 highway between October 2017 and January 2020, in state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Highlights are km 23, km 24, km 28 and km 29.
Training data for submitted paper "Wildfire Danger Prediction and Understanding with Deep Learning"
<p>Training data for submitted paper "Wildfire Danger Prediction and Understanding with Deep Learning". To run the code in https://github.com/Orion-AI-Lab/wildfire_forecasting</p>
Fig. 1 in Book Review The Dangerous Snakes of Africa
Fig. 1. The Dangerous Snakes of Africa. Authors: Stephen Spawls and Bill Branch. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA. Published 4 August 2020.
FIG.1 in Une nouvelle espèce de Foetidia (Lecythidaceae, sous-famille Foetidioideae) en danger critique d'extinction récemment découverte à Mayotte, archipel des Comores
FIG.1. — Foetidia comorensis Labat, Bidault & Viscardi, sp. nov.: A, rameau fleuri; B, fruit mature; C, sépale pétaloïde du fruit mature; D, détail du style et des bractéoles du réceptacle du fruit mature. Échelles: A, B, 1 cm; C, D, 0,5 cm. A, Viscardi & Guiot 219; B-D, Viscardi et al. 101. Dessin Marion Madeira.
FIG. 2 in Une nouvelle espèce de Foetidia (Lecythidaceae, sous-famille Foetidioideae) en danger critique d'extinction récemment découverte à Mayotte, archipel des Comores
FIG. 2. — Foetidia comorensis Labat, Bidault & Viscardi, sp. nov.: A, bouton floral; B, fleur; C, rameau stérile avec jeunes feuilles; D, rameau fleuri; E, fruit avec sépales pétaloïdes sclérifiés et style persistant; F, réceptacle et bractéoles persistantes à la base, pédicelle. Photos G. Viscardi.
Fig 1 in Is repeated cypermethrin fumigation dangerous for the mitochondrial DNA in dry insect samples?
Fig 1. Chemical structure of cypermethrin (C22H19Cl2NO3) which is the active insecticidal substance (6.25%) in commercial available smoke shells "Cytrol Super SG" (PelGar s.r.o./Agrochema družstvo Studenec, Czech Republic).
Fig 3 in Is repeated cypermethrin fumigation dangerous for the mitochondrial DNA in dry insect samples?
Fig 3. Quality of PCR products of all 128 samples used in this study (barcoding region of the cytochrome oxidase I) checked on the 1% agarose gel in the horizontal electrophoresis. A1–D1 – run I. A1 – Oxythyrea funesta (fumigated samples), B1 – O. funesta (negative control), C1 – Supella longipalpa (fumigated samples), D1 – S. longipalpa (negative control). A2–D2 – run II (same legend as in run I). L = DNA ladder, N = negative control for PCR, P = positive control for PCR. Numbers of samples are abbreviation of musem IDs (NMPC-GAS-00XX, XX = numbers used in this figure). Red number = weak or not working sample.
Sensory integration of danger and safety cues explains the fear of a quiet coyote
<p>Sensory integration theory predicts natural selection should favor adaptive responses of animals to multiple forms of information, yet empirical tests of this prediction are rare, particularly in free-living mammals. Studying indirect predator cues offers a salient opportunity to inquire about multimodal risk assessment and its potentially interactive effects on prey responses. Here we exposed California ground squirrels from two study sites (that differ in human and dog activity) to acoustic and/or olfactory predator cues to reveal divergent patterns of signal dominance. Olfactory information most strongly predicted space use within the testing arena. That is, individuals, especially those at the human-impacted site, avoided coyote urine, a danger cue that may communicate the proximity of a coyote. In contrast, subjects allocated less time to risk-sensitive behaviors when exposed to acoustic cues. Specifically, although individuals were consistent in their behavioral responses across trials, "quiet coyotes" (urine without calls) significantly increased the behavioral reactivity of prey, likely because coyotes rarely vocalize when hunting. More broadly, our findings highlight the need to consider the evolution of integrated fear responses and contribute to an emerging understanding of how animals integrate multiple forms of information to tradeoff between danger and safety cues in a changing world.</p>
Steering herds away from dangers in dynamic environments
<p>Shepherding, the task of guiding a herd of autonomous individuals in a desired direction, is an essential skill to herd animals, enable crowd control, and rescue from danger. Equipping robots with the capability of shepherding would allow performing such tasks with increased efficiency and reduced labor costs. So far, only single-robot or centralized multi-robot solutions have been proposed. The former is unable to observe dangers at any place surrounding the herd, and the latter does not generalize to unconstrained environments. Therefore, we propose a decentralized control algorithm for multi-robot shepherding, where the robots maintain a caging pattern around the herd to detect potential nearby dangers. When danger is detected, part of the robot swarm positions itself in order to repel the herd towards a safer region. We study the performance of our algorithm for different collective motion models of the herd. We task the robots to shepherd a herd to safety in two dynamic scenarios: (i) to avoid dangerous patches appearing over time, and (ii) to remain inside a safe circular enclosure. Simulations show that the robots are always successful in shepherding when the herd remains cohesive, and enough robots are deployed.</p>
Data --- "Optimization of Convolutional Neural Network models for spatially coherent multi-site fire danger predictions"
<p>Data to reproduce the results of the manuscript entitled "Optimization of Convolutional Neural Network models for spatially coherent multi-site fire danger predictions" submitted to Geophysical Research Letters. The companion jupyter notebook can be found in DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8387558">10.5281/zenodo.8387558</a></p>
Sensory integration of danger and safety cues explains the fear of a quiet coyote
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Steering herds away from dangers in dynamic environments
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Tropical riparian forests in danger from large savanna wildfires
<p>1. Tropical savannas are known for the fire-prone ecosystems, yet, riparian evergreen forests are another important landscape feature. These forests usually remain safe from wildfires in the wet riparian zones. With global changes, large wildfires are now more frequent in savanna landscapes, exposing riparian forests to unprecedented impact.</p> <p>2. In 2017, a large wildfire spread across the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park, an iconic UNESCO site in central Brazil, raising concerns about its impact on the fire-sensitive ecosystems. By combining remote sensing analysis of Google Earth images (2003-2019) with detailed field information from 36 sites, we assessed wildfire impacts on riparian forests. For this, we measured the structure of trees, saplings and herbaceous plants, as well as topsoil variables.</p> <p>3. Since 2003, all riparian forests had canopy cover above 90 %, but after 2017, canopy cover dropped to 20 % in some forests, indicating large variation in wildfire damage. A closer look in the field revealed that, on average, the wildfire killed 52 % of adult trees and 87 % of tree saplings in flooded forests. In non-flooded forests, impacts on adult trees were negligible, but fire killed 75 % of tree saplings. Opportunistic vines and the invasive grass Melinis minutiflora were already present in severely disturbed flooded forests. In all forests, impacts on many ecosystem variables were related to canopy damage, a variable measurable from satellite. Overall, seasonally flooded riparian forests were the most severely impacted, possibly due to the relatively thinner barks of their trees.</p> <p>4. Synthesis and applications. Our findings reveal how riparian forests embedded in tropical savanna landscapes are in danger from large wildfires. The destruction of some forests has opened space for new plant species that may propel a shift to an alternative ecosystem state. Riparian forests are habitat of large savanna animals and their loss could affect entire trophic networks. Managing wildfires and invasive grasses locally is probably the best strategy to maintain riparian forests resilient. As wildfire regimes intensify in tropical savanna landscapes, our findings stress the need for an integrated management that considers riparian forests as a vulnerable element of the system.</p>
Data from: Predator foraging response to a resurgent dangerous prey
Prey switching occurs when a generalist predator kills disproportionately more of an abundant prey species and correspondingly spares a rarer species. Although this behaviour is a classic stabilizing mechanism in food web models, little is known about its operation in free-living systems which often include dangerous prey species that resist predation. We used long-term (1995–2015) data from a large mammal system in northern Yellowstone National Park, USA, to understand how prey preference of a wild, generalist predator (Canis lupus) responds to a shift in prey species evenness involving rising numbers of dangerous prey (Bison bison) and dropping numbers of relatively safer prey (Cervus elaphus). Contrary to the prey switching hypothesis, wolves attacked and killed disproportionately more of the rarer, but safer, species. Wolves maintained a strong preference against bison even when this species was more than twice as abundant as elk. There was also evidence that wolves were increasingly averse to hunting bison as relative bison abundance increased. Wolves seldom hunted bison because capture success was limited to a narrow set of conditions: larger packs (>11 wolves) chasing smaller herds (10–20 bison) with calves. Wolves scavenged bison carrion instead and did so more frequently as bison abundance increased. Our study demonstrates the overarching importance of prey vulnerability to understanding the prey preferences of generalist predators in ecological communities with dangerous prey. The formidable defences of such prey diminish the potential for switching and its stabilizing influence on population dynamics. In these communities, shifts from hunting to scavenging are perhaps more likely than shifts in prey preference. The assumption of switching may therefore overestimate the stability of multi-prey systems that include dangerous prey species.
The effect of climate change on forest fire danger and severity in the Canadian boreal forests for the period 1976-2100
<p>There are 5 files uploaded.</p><p> </p><p>(1) fwi26.txt.gz, RCP26</p><p>(2) fwi45.txt.gz, RCP45</p><p>(3) fwi85.txt.gz, RCP85</p><p>(4) msk20231028.txt</p><p>(5) Shape_Canadian_Boreal_Forests.7z</p><p> </p><p>mask20231028.txt is an ascii file covering the Canadian Boreal Forests.</p><p>This file can be imported into GisMAP to generate a mask raster.</p><p> </p><p>Shape_Canadian_Boreal_Forests.7z is a compressed shape file cover the</p><p>Canadian Boreal Forests.</p><p> </p><p>fwi26.txt.gz, fwi45.txt.gz, and fwi85.txt.gz are the zipped file of FFMC</p><p>and DSR daily surfaces. There are 6 fields in the files:</p><p> </p><p>Field 1: row number in the mask file of mask20231028.txt.</p><p>Field 2: column number.</p><p>Field 3: Years; 1, 2, 3, ... 95 correspoind to 2006, 2007, 2008, ..., 2100.</p><p>Field 4: Days; 1, 2, 3, ..., 365 in a year.</p><p>Field 5: Daily FFMC values.</p><p>Field 6: Daily DSR values. </p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.