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62 results for “deciduous trees”
Tree Growth in Hemlock and Deciduous Forests at Harvard Forest HEM and LPH Towers 2000-2005
Tree growth was measured to determine tree ages and growth rates and to quantify carbon storage in these forests, and to detect changes in growth and carbon storage that could be associated with climate changes or historic disturbances.
Crown Traits of Broadleaf Deciduous Trees at NEON Forest Sites (2018-2022)
Using NEON Airborne Observation Platform (AOP) measurements collected in 2018-2022 from nine broadleaf deciduous NEON forest sites, we quantified a broad suite of structural metrics and spectral reflectance indices for 305 tree crowns that were delineated in the field by NEON and met our data quality criteria. For each tree crown, we used 1-m^3 voxelated AOP LiDAR data to compute structural metrics, including plant area index (PAI), leaf area index (LAI), top rugosity, maximum canopy height (MAXCH), mean outer canopy height (MOCH), rumple, accumulative plant area density and accumulative LiDAR intensity at multiple tree heights. We used AOP imaging spectrometer to compute several spectral indices, including NDVI, NIRv, EVI, NDWI and chlorophyll index of red edge/green. The data are suitable for ecophysiological studies at tree crown and/or species level. The broad spatial extent allows for the exploration of variability in structure and function of common north American tree species across wide environmental gradients.
Leaf Angle of North America Broadleaf Deciduous Trees: 2021 - 2023
Leaf angle, defined as the angle between the leaf normal (perpendicular to the leaf surface) and the zenith, strongly influences albedo, photosynthesis, and evapotranspiration. We installed remote time-lapse cameras mounted level with the sunlit treetops at each of the ten National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) tower to measure and track seasonal changes of leaf angle for 11 tree species across three years of 2021, 2022 and 2023. We measured the (x, y) coordinates of each leaf’s petiole and tip and tracked their changes over time on a weekly basis. From these coordinates, we computed the leaf angle for each leaf throughout the growing season across three years of weekly observations.
Fire Self-Limitation (FiSL) Experiment: Quantifying Wildfire Carbon Combustion Losses in boreal Deciduous and Mixed Forests in Interior Alaska and the Boreal Cordillera II: Tree Inventory Data 2022
This dataset contains tree combustion measurements collected in the field for plots in 8 fire scars in Interior Alaska and the Yukon. Data was collected in the summer of 2022. Fire scars sampled included Shovel Creek (2019), Aggie Creek (2015), Hess Creek (2019), Baker (2015), Munson Creek (2021), Isom Creek (2020), 2019MA014 (2019), and 2019BC005 (2019). Tree species, diameters (DBH where possible, otherwise BD), condition (living/dead, standing/fallen, etc), and component combustion are recorded for every tree in each 10 m * 2 m plot.
Data_Schönauer et al. (2023)_Root and branch hydraulic functioning and trait coordination across organs in drought-deciduous and evergreen tree species of a subtropical highland forest
<p>Data used in</p> <p>Schönauer, M., Hietz, P., Schuldt, B., and Rewald, B. (2023). Root and branch hydraulic functioning and trait coordination across organs in drought-deciduous and evergreen tree species of a subtropical highland forest. Frontiers in plant science 14, 1127292. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1127292</p>
Aboveground biomass and nitrogen allocation of ten deciduous southern Appalachian tree species at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory in 1997
Allometric equations were developed for mature trees of 10 deciduous species at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory in western North Carolina, U.S.A. These equations included the following dependent variables: stem wood mass, stem bark mass, branch mass, total wood mass, foliage mass, total biomass, foliage area, stem surface area, sapwood volume, and total tree volume. High correlation coefficients (R2) were observed for all variables versus stem diameter, with the highest being for total tree biomass, which ranged from 0.981 for Oxdendrum arboreum to 0.999 for Quercus coccinea. Foliage area had the lowest R2 values, ranging from 0.555 for Quercus alba to 0.962 for Betula lenta. When all species were combined, correlation coefficients ranged from 0.822 for foliage area to 0.986 for total wood mass, total tree biomass, and total tree volume. Species with ring versus diffuse/semiring porous wood anatomy exhibited higher leaf area with a given cross-sectional sapwood area as well as lower total sapwood volume. Liriodendron tulipifera contained one of the highest foliar nitrogen concentrations and had consistently low branch, bark, sapwood, and heartwood nitrogen contents. For a tree diameter of 50 cm, Carya spp. exhibited the highest total nitrogen content whereas Liriodendron tulipifera exhibited the lowest.
Comparative physiology of canopy tree leaves in evergreen and deciduous forests in lowland Thailand
<p><span>Three major forest types in lowland Thailand and its adjacent parts in Southeast Asia are mixed deciduous forest (MDF), dry dipterocarp forest (DDF) and dry evergreen forest (DEF). We report the leaf physiology of canopy trees in these forests. The leaf mass-based photosynthetic rates (<em>A</em><sub>max</sub>), stomatal conductance (<em>G</em><sub>max</sub>) and photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency were significantly different between the deciduous forests (MDF and DDF) and the evergreen forest (DEF). The canopy trees of MDF with thick, eutrophic soils had the highest intrinsic water use efficiency (<em>A</em><sub>max</sub>/<em>G</em><sub>max</sub>) among the forest types. Forest-to-forest variations in leaf mass area were related to different nutrient use strategies (less vs. more conservative) associated with different soil nutrients rather than with leaf phenology/longevity. In the interspecific variations within each forest, <em>A</em><sub>max</sub> in MDF and DEF was limited by foliar phosphate, whereas that in DDF was limited by foliar nitrogen. The close association between leaf physiology and soil properties suggests that climate change and increasing human impacts will disrupt this association, leading to forest degradation and dysfunction.</span></p>
Comparative physiology of canopy tree leaves in evergreen and deciduous forests in lowland Thailand
<p>The major forest types in lowland Thailand and its adjacent parts in Southeast Asia with the distinct dry season are the mixed deciduous forest (MDF), dry dipterocarp forest (DDF) and dry evergreen forest (DEF). We report the first comprehensive data set in leaf physiology of canopy trees in these three forest types and clarify adaptive functional differences of woody plants among three forests. Unlike temperate forests, the forest variations in leaf mass per area (LMA) were related to nutrient use strategies (less vs. more conservative) associated with soil nutrients rather than with leaf phenology (evergreen vs. deciduous). In the interspecific variations within each forest, <em>A<sub>max</sub></em> in MDF and DEF was limited by foliar phosphate, whereas that in DDF was limited by foliar nitrogen. The close association between leaf physiology and soil properties suggests that climate change and increasing human impacts will disrupt this association, leading to forest degradation and dysfunction.</p>
Canopy gaps facilitate upslope shifts in montane conifers but not in temperate deciduous trees in the Northeastern United States
<p>Many montane tree species are expected to migrate upslope as climate warms, but it is not clear if forest canopy gaps, which can facilitate tree seedling recruitment, serve as an important mechanism driving tree species range shifts. Patterns of tree seedling establishment can inform us about early stages of tree species migrations and are critical to examine in the context of global climate change.</p> <p>We contrasted elevational distributions of tree seedlings both within and outside of forest canopy gaps with the distributions of conspecific adults and saplings across the deciduous-coniferous ecotone on ten mountains in four states of the northeastern United States. We tested if seedling distributions of four dominant tree species (<em>Abies balsamea, Picea rubens, Acer saccharum</em>, and<em> Fagus grandifolia</em>) were shifted upslope of conspecific adult and sapling distributions. We also examined if this shift was facilitated by canopy gaps and what environmental drivers affected species distributions.</p> <p>There was limited seedling recruitment of dominant tree species at the temperate-coniferous ecotone, which we attributed to (i) an observed downslope shift of seedling distributions of the low-elevation deciduous species (<em>Acer saccharum, Fagus grandifoli</em>a) and (ii) an upslope shift in seedling distributions of the high-elevation conifers (<em>Abies balsamea, Picea rubens</em>). The upslope shift of conifer seedlings contrasts with our previous research at these sites which observed downslope shifts of sapling distributions in <em>Picea rubens</em>, suggesting that seedlings may be responding to more recent climate warming. Canopy gaps in high-elevation conifer forests facilitated these upslope shifts by promoting conifer seedling recruitment. However, gaps at lower elevations did not play a significant role in seedling recruitment or the observed downslope shifts of the dominant deciduous species. Climate was the dominant predictor of adult tree distributions whereas both climate and soil were important predictors of seedling distributions.</p> <p><strong><em>Synthesis</em></strong>. Our study illustrates that tree seedlings have the potential for monitoring the early stages of tree species migrations, and particularly so in canopy gaps in high-elevation conifer forests. Further, we stress that species range shifts are sensitive to local scale heterogeneity in light availability (i.e., canopy gaps) and other non-climatic factors.</p>
Phosphorous fertilization and soil pH affect the growth of deciduous trees in a temperate hardwood forest
<p>To better understand how a forest’s response to P limitation and acidic deposition can change over time, we added P, limestone to raise pH, and a cross-treatment where both P and limestone were added to 3 different northeastern Ohio forest stands over a 12-year period. Internally, we call this experiment APEX, which stands for Acid Precipitation EXperiment. We tracked diameter at breast height (DBH) of the trees annually, conducted foliar nutrient analyses, and collected tree roots to assess treatment impacts on mycorrhizal colonization. We analyzed our dataset in three sections: the first 6 years after manipulation, the latter 6 years, and the entire 12-year period. These sections allowed us to compare differences between early responses to manipulation and later responses. The R code included here shows how these sections of data were analyzed using linear mixed effect models and Tukey post hoc tests (with the R packages lme4 and multcomp, respectively) and graphed (with the package ggplot2). The three R code files include analyses of 1) litter biomass and chemistry (APEX_leaf_litter_R_code.R), 2) ectomycorrhizal (EM) and arbscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal colonization and root biomass estimates from trees associated with these mycorrhizal types (APEX_mycorrhizal_roots_R_code.R), and 3) relative basal area increment that was calculated for different tree species and mycorrhizal association types using DBH measurements (APEX_RBAI_R_code.R). All input csv files are included here.</p>
Fig. 1 in Occurrence Of Phytophthora Spp. In Deciduous Trees In Lithuania: First Results
Fig. 1. The number of Phytophthora spp. disturbed trees in different districts and climate regions of Lithuania, 2010–2014. I – Western, II – Northern, III – Southern, and IV – Eastern. The white colour indicates the districts, which were not surveyed.
Figure 3 in Influence of tree thinning on abundance and survival probability of small rodents in a natural deciduous forest
Figure 3. Survival probability (mean ± SE) of small rodents in the prethinning and postthinning periods in a natural deciduous forest, Mt. Maehwa, Hongcheon, South Korea. *: P <0.05, **: P <0.001 according to a Mann–Whitney U test.
Figure 1 in Influence of tree thinning on abundance and survival probability of small rodents in a natural deciduous forest
Figure 1. Mean numbers of small rodents captured per month (individuals/ha; mean ± SE) in the prethinning and postthinning periods in a natural deciduous forest, Mt. Maehwa, Hongcheon, South Korea. Asterisk indicates a significant difference (P <0.05) according to a Mann–Whitney U test.
Figure 2 in Influence of tree thinning on abundance and survival probability of small rodents in a natural deciduous forest
Figure 2. Estimated mean (n = 2) abundance of small rodents in the prethinning (2014) and postthinning (2015) periods in a natural deciduous forest, Mt. Maehwa, Hongcheon, South Korea.
Data for: Genomic vulnerability to climate change in Quercus acutissima, a dominant tree species in East Asian deciduous forests
<p><span>Understanding the evolutionary processes that shape the landscape of genetic variation and influence the response of species to future climate change is critical for biodiversity conservation. Here, we sampled </span><span>27</span><span> populations across the distribution range of a dominant forest tree, <em>Quercus</em> <em>acutissima</em>, in East Asia, and applied genome-wide analyses to track the evolutionary history and predict the fate of populations under future climate. We found two genetic groups (East and West) in <em>Q</em>. <em>acutissima</em> that diverged during the Pliocene. </span><span>We also found</span><span> a heterogeneous landscape of genomic variation in this species</span><span>, which may have been shaped by </span><span>population demography and </span><span>linked selections</span><span>.</span><span> Using genotype-environment association analyses, we identified climate-associated SNPs in a diverse set of genes and functional categories, indicating a model of polygenic adaptation in <em>Q</em>. acutissima<em>.</em> We further estimated three genetic offset metrics to quantify genomic vulnerability of this species to climate change due to the complex interplay </span><span>between</span><span> local adaptation</span><span> and</span><span> migration</span><span>.</span><span> We found that marginal populations are under </span><span>higher</span><span> risk of local extinction</span><span> because of</span><span> future climate change</span><span>, and may not be able to track </span><span>suitable habitats </span><span>to maintain the gene-environment relationships observed under the current climate.</span><span> We also detected higher reverse genetic offsets in northern China, indicating that genetic variation currently present in the whole range of <em>Q</em>. <em>acutissima</em> may not adapt to future climate conditions in this area.</span> <span>Overall, this study</span><span> illustrates how evolutionary</span><span> processes </span><span>have</span><span> shaped the landscape of genomic variation, and</span><span> provides a comprehensive genome-wide view of climate maladaptation in <em>Q</em>. <em>acutissima</em>.</span></p>
Comparative physiology of canopy tree leaves in evergreen and deciduous forests in lowland Thailand
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Comparative physiology of canopy tree leaves in evergreen and deciduous forests in lowland Thailand
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data for: Genomic vulnerability to climate change in Quercus acutissima, a dominant tree species in East Asian deciduous forests
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Canopy gaps facilitate upslope shifts in montane conifers but not in temperate deciduous trees in the Northeastern United States
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Varying impacts of logging frequency on tree communities and carbon storage across evergreen and deciduous tropical forests in the Andaman Islands, India
<p>The majority of Earth's tropical forests have been selectively logged; some on repeated occasions. Selective logging is known to affect forest structure, composition and function in various ways, but how such effects vary with logging frequency and across forest types remains unclear. In the Andaman Archipelago in India, we examined adult and pole-sized trees in baseline (unlogged since 1990s), once-logged (logged between 2007 and 2014) and twice-logged (logged in early 1990s and between 2007 and 2014) evergreen and deciduous forests, and tested whether higher logging frequency was associated with lower canopy cover, tree density, tree diversity, aboveground carbon stocks and divergence in species composition, including increased relative abundances of deciduous species in these forests. While once-logged evergreen and deciduous forests were similar to their respective baselines for most attributes assessed, and twice-logged evergreen forests had 22–24% lower adult tree density and diversity, twice-logged deciduous forests had 17–50% lower canopy cover, pole density, adult species diversity and above-ground carbon stocks, and 12% higher deciduous fractions compared to the baselines. Collectively our results reveal lasting impacts of repeated selective logging, even at relative low intensity, on tree communities and carbon storage. These impacts can potentially be mitigated by reducing logging frequency and retaining unlogged patches in logged landscapes, but management must also incorporate heterogeneity in responses and recovery across different forest types. In the Andaman Islands, all forests may require more than 15–25 years between logging events, with deciduous forests potentially requiring more stringent extraction limits compared to evergreen forests.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.