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15 results for “decomposition stage”
Long-term nitrogen fertilization inhibits carbon and nitrogen loss during late stage fungal necromass decomposition depending on necromass chemistry
Fungal necromass is increasingly recognized as a key component of in soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling. However, how C and N loss from fungal necromass during decomposition are impacted by global change factors such as anthropogenic N addition and changes to soil C supply (e.g. via changing root exudation and rhizosphere priming) remains unclear and understudied relative to plant tissues. To address these gaps, we conducted a year-long decomposition experiment with four species of fungal necromass incubated across four forested sites in plots that had received inorganic N and/or labile C fertilization for decades in Minnesota, USA. We found that necromass chemistry was the primary driver of C and N loss from fungal necromass as well as response to fertilization. Specifically, N addition suppressed late-stage decomposition, but this effect was weaker in melanin-rich necromass, contrary to the hypothesis based on plant litter dynamics that N addition should suppress decomposition of more complex organic molecules. Labile C addition had no effect on either the early or late stages of necromass decomposition. Nitrogen release from necromass also varied among species, with N-poor necromass having lower N release after controlling for differences in mass loss via regression. The relatively minor effects of N fertilization on the proportion of initial necromass N released suggests that N demand by decomposers is the primary control on N loss during fungal necromass decomposition. Together, our results stress the importance of the afterlife effects of fungal chemical composition to forest soil C and N cycles. Further, they demonstrate that C and N release from this critical pool can be reduced by ongoing anthropogenic N addition.
Fig. 4 in Trophic roles of scavenger beetles in relation to decomposition stages and seasons
Fig. 4. Dominance of beetle guilds observed in cadavers per decomposition stages and seasons, represented in a ternary diagram. Each line of the sides of the triangle is equal to a 5% of the total. The black point corresponds to the equicomposition (33.3% for each guild). The greater point in each line indicates the initial decomposition stage per season.
Fig. 3 in Trophic roles of scavenger beetles in relation to decomposition stages and seasons
Fig. 3. Mean abundance (±SE) of omnivorous beetles per decomposition stages and seasons. (A) Cadavers (c). (B) Traps (st). F, Fresh; B, Bloated; ACD,Active Decay; ADD, Advanced Decay; R, Remains.
Fig. 1 in Effect of leaf decomposition stage and water temperature on fragmentation activity of a shredder invertebrate species in lotic ecosystems
Fig. 1. Schematic representation of the eXperimental design of the present study. EXperiment I: nine discs of senescent (S) and nine discs of conditioned senescent (SCD) wastes were used in each aquarium in the absence of shredder invertebrates. EXperiment II: nine discs of senescent (S), nine discs of conditioned senescent (SCD) and nine discs of green detritus (G) were used in each aquarium in the presence of shredded invertebrates (Phylloicus sp.).
Fig. 2 in Effect of leaf decomposition stage and water temperature on fragmentation activity of a shredder invertebrate species in lotic ecosystems
Fig. 2. Mean values and standard error of leaf mass loss (LML) of senescent (senescent plus conditioned senescent, due to the absence of visual distinction by coloration) and green detritus for larval case production by Phylloicus sp. in the different water temperature treatments at Capetinga Stream, Água Limpa Farm, Brasília, Brazil.
Traits associated with the conservation gradient are the strongest predictors of early-stage fine root decomposition rates
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Stronger effect of litter quality than microorganisms on leaf and root litter C and N loss at different decomposition stages following a subtropical land use change
<p>Litter decomposition contributes largely to global carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling, and it is strongly determined by litter quality and microbial community composition in ways that are poorly understood. Here, we conducted a 2-year field litter decomposition experiment by collecting leaf and root litter of crops (from cropland), shrubs (from shrubland), and wood (from woodland) and placing samples for decomposition in woodland soil in central China to investigate the effects of litter quality and microbial community composition on C and N loss of leaf and root litter of three species under different decomposition stages. Our results showed that the leaf litter C and N losses of shrubs were significantly higher than those of crops and wood, whereas the root litter C and N losses of crops were significantly higher than those of shrubs and wood. Generally, the leaf litter C and N losses of the three species were higher on average than those of fine root litter under the whole decomposition period. For the C loss of the three species, litter lignin and phosphorus as well as initial litter quality were predominant drivers of root litter decomposition, while litter lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose concentrations were dominant for leaf litter decomposition. For N loss, litter stoichiometry and litter quality directly governed leaf and root litter N loss, and the initial litter quality largely regulated N loss at the late decomposition stage. Unexpectedly, the effect of microbial community composition on litter C and N loss was relatively weak and only exhibited an effect on litter C and N loss during the early stage of decomposition. Thus, our results revealed the huge disparity in C and N loss of plant species and litter types at different decomposition stages, which should be considered jointly when evaluating their roles in plant-soil feedbacks under global land use change.</p>
Stronger effect of litter quality than microorganisms on leaf and root litter C and N loss at different decomposition stages following a subtropical land use change
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Comparable early-stage decomposition but contrasting underlying drivers between surface and cave habitats along an elevational gradient
<p>The folder includes r script and the data files used to conduct the data analysis in this project: Comparable early-stage decomposition but contrasting underlying drivers between surface and cave habitats along an elevational gradient.</p>
Supplementary material 3 from: Tóth Z, Hornung E, Báldi A (2018) Effects of set-aside management on certain elements of soil biota and early stage organic matter decomposition in a High Nature Value Area, Hungary. Nature Conservation 29: 1-26. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.29.24856
Table S3 :
Supplementary material 5 from: Tóth Z, Hornung E, Báldi A (2018) Effects of set-aside management on certain elements of soil biota and early stage organic matter decomposition in a High Nature Value Area, Hungary. Nature Conservation 29: 1-26. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.29.24856
Map file :
Supplementary material 2 from: Tóth Z, Hornung E, Báldi A (2018) Effects of set-aside management on certain elements of soil biota and early stage organic matter decomposition in a High Nature Value Area, Hungary. Nature Conservation 29: 1-26. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.29.24856
Table S2 :
Supplementary material 4 from: Tóth Z, Hornung E, Báldi A (2018) Effects of set-aside management on certain elements of soil biota and early stage organic matter decomposition in a High Nature Value Area, Hungary. Nature Conservation 29: 1-26. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.29.24856
Table S4 :
Supplementary material 1 from: Tóth Z, Hornung E, Báldi A (2018) Effects of set-aside management on certain elements of soil biota and early stage organic matter decomposition in a High Nature Value Area, Hungary. Nature Conservation 29: 1-26. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.29.24856
Table S1 :
Fig. 1 in Trophic roles of scavenger beetles in relation to decomposition stages and seasons
Fig. 1. Mean abundance (±SE) of necrophilous beetles per decomposition stages and seasons. (A) Cadavers (c). (B) Traps (st). F, Fresh; B, Bloated; ACD, Active Decay; ADD, Advanced Decay; R, Remains.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.