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Fig. 14 in The metatrochophore of a deep-sea hydrothermal vent vestimentiferan (Polychaeta: Siboglinidae)

Fig. 14 Series of ultrathin sections through blind-ending coelomic duct adjacent to foregut (fg) from posterior to anterior in first segment in specimen #308. a Basal portion of coelomic duct with cilia (ci) built by two ciliated mesodermal cells m1 and m2 with nuclei (nm1, nm2); b larger duct with cilia (ci) surrounded by mesodermal cells m3 and one of the two ciliated mesodermal cells m2 with nucleus (nm2); c larger duct with cilia (ci) surrounded by mesodermal cells m3 and m4, nucleus of m3 (nm3); d anterior blind-ending of small duct with a few cilia (ci) surrounded by several mesodermal cells (m 4-7) partly with nuclei (nm 5-7)

Fig. 11 in The metatrochophore of a deep-sea hydrothermal vent vestimentiferan (Polychaeta: Siboglinidae)

Fig. 11 Midgut (a–d), hindgut (d, e), anus (f); specimen #308. a, d Midgut cells with large vesicles (ve) basally and nuclei (n) apically close to the microvilli (mv), and cilia (ci) bordering the gut lumen (lu); hindgut (hg); b bacteria (ba) and diatom shell (ds) in gut lumen; c bacteria (ba) and myelin structures (my) suggesting degradation in midgut cell; e hindgut cell with nucleus (n) and dense ciliary border (ci); f terminal anus (a)

Fig. 8 in The metatrochophore of a deep-sea hydrothermal vent vestimentiferan (Polychaeta: Siboglinidae)

Fig. 8 Serial ultrathin sections of uncinus not extending above cuticle of specimen #308. a, b Uncinus with capitium (ca), subrostral process (sp) surrounded by epidermis cell with nucleus (ne1); c, d uncinus with capitium (ca), subrostral process (sp), epidermis cell with nucleus (ne1) surrounded by follicle cell with nuclei (nf1); e, f chaetoblast with nucleus (nc) and manubrium (ma), surrounded by follicle cells (nf1, nf2); g, h chaetoblast with nucleus (nc), granules (gr), and microvilli (mv) shaping the manubrium

Fig. 7 in The metatrochophore of a deep-sea hydrothermal vent vestimentiferan (Polychaeta: Siboglinidae)

Fig. 7 Uncini (un) of a aposymbiotic metatrochophore with midgut (mg) and b juvenile with trophosome in semithin sections. Green autofluorescence; blue DAPI staining of host nuclei and bacteria (ba) other than symbionts outside of host; pink symbiontspecific probe staining symbionts in trophosome (tr)

Fig. 13 in The metatrochophore of a deep-sea hydrothermal vent vestimentiferan (Polychaeta: Siboglinidae)

Fig. 13 Mesoderm in specimen #308. a Mesoblastem (me) in anterior region of first segment with foregut (fg); b epitheliomuscle cells in visceral mesoderm (mu) adjacent to foregut (fg) in region of coelomic ducts in first segment, c peritoneal cells in visceral mesoderm (me), adjacent midgut (mg), and d hindgut (hg); e cross section through foregut area in middle region of first segment with epidermis (e), longitudinal muscles (mu), dorsal mesentery with dorsal blood vessel (dv), peritoneum (me) surrounding the foregut (fg); f detail of coelomic cavity of first (c1) and second segment (c2) with septum of two opposing layers of epithelio-muscle cells (mu); g coelomic cavity of second (c2) and third segment (c3) with septum of two layers of undifferentiated mesoblastem, arrow points to thin posterior part of mesoblastem surrounding coelomic cavity of segment 3

Fig. 10 in The metatrochophore of a deep-sea hydrothermal vent vestimentiferan (Polychaeta: Siboglinidae)

Fig. 10 Mouth opening (a, b) and foregut (c–e), all micrographs specimen #308, except c specimen #675. a Mouth opening (mo) with cilia and unknown material in lumen; b detail of cilia (ci), microvilli (mv), and basal bodies (bb) in mouth opening; c clia lining the anteriormost part of foregut in buccal cavity (bu); d foregut cell with nucleus (n), rER (rer), numerous granules (gr), cilia (ci), and microvilli (mv); e detail of cilia (ci), basal bodies (bb), and microvilli (mv)

Fig. 6 in The metatrochophore of a deep-sea hydrothermal vent vestimentiferan (Polychaeta: Siboglinidae)

Fig. 6 Glandular structures of specimen #308. a pyriform gland with several gland cells containing nuclei (ng), rER, and apical microvilli (mv) facing lumen (lu); b, c single gland cell in epidermis with e-dense granules (gr) and nucleus (ng), apically with microvilli (mv)

Fig. 5 in The metatrochophore of a deep-sea hydrothermal vent vestimentiferan (Polychaeta: Siboglinidae)

Fig. 5 Apical organ of specimen #308 in cross section from anterior to posterior. a, b Three collar receptors (1-3); c, d dendrites of three collar receptors (1-3) and one gland cell (g); e gland cell (g) and cell bodies with nuclei (n1-3) of three collar receptors; f gland cell (g); g nucleus (ng) of gland cell

Fig. 4 in The metatrochophore of a deep-sea hydrothermal vent vestimentiferan (Polychaeta: Siboglinidae)

Fig. 4 Epidermis and trochi, all #308 except c, f, g #675. a Epidermis containing nucleus (n) and mitochondria (mi), with thin cuticle (cu) and microvilli (arrow) above which bacteria (ba) are located; ECM of epidermis adjacent to longitudinal muscles (mu); b detail of cuticle with epicuticle (ec) and microvilli and basal cuticle (bc); c bacteria (ba) on and in tube; d prototroch (pr) with trochoblast and nuclei (n), mitochondria (mi), and tonofilaments (tf), adjacent mesoderm with nuclei (nm) with ECM (arrows); e cilia of prototroch with basal bodies (bb) and rootlet (ro), in between microvilli (mv) and thin cuticle; f neurotroch (nr); g cilia of neutroch with basal bodies (bb) and rootlets (ro), in between microvilli (mv) and thin cuticle

Fig. 1 in The metatrochophore of a deep-sea hydrothermal vent vestimentiferan (Polychaeta: Siboglinidae)

Fig. 1 Schematic drawings of metatrochophores of specimens #542 (a), #308 (b), #675 (c). Body composed of prostomium (p) containing brain (b) and apical organ (ao) in b; peristomium (pe), ring-like area including mouth and prototroch (pr); segment 1 (s1) with neutroch (nr), tentacles (te) with sensory organ (ste), and uncini; segment 2 (s2) with uncini; segment 3 (s3) in specimen b and c; white, transient digestive system with mouth, foregut (fg), midgut (mg), hindgut (hg), and anus (a); black, trophosome (tr); dark grey, mesoderm; medium grey, ectoderm; light grey, coelomic cavities

Fig. 2 in The metatrochophore of a deep-sea hydrothermal vent vestimentiferan (Polychaeta: Siboglinidae)

Fig. 2 Cross sections of ultrathin series from anterior to posterior, left ventral, right dorsal; specimen #308. a, b Prostomium with brain (nec) and unpaired, small coelomic cavity (asterisk) peristomium (pe) with prototroch (pr); two dorsally located tentacles (te); c prostomium with unpaired, small coelomic cavity (asterisk) between trochoblasts of prototroch, mouth opening (mo), brain (b) with neuropil; two tentacles (te); d first segment with foregut (fg), mesoderm (me) and mesoderm of tentacles (mte); e first segment with foregut (fg) ventral (vv) and dorsal blood vessel (dv), pyriform gland (py), mesoderm (me), somatic muscle cells (mu); f first segment with transition from foregut (fg) to midgut (mg) and ventral blood vessel (vv); g first and second segment with uncini (un), foregut (fg) and midgut (mg); h first to third segment (s1-s3) with midgut (mg) and hindgut (hg), pyriform gland (py); i first to third segment with anus (a), midgut (mg), and dorsal blood vessel (dv)

Fig. 12 Tentacles. a in The metatrochophore of a deep-sea hydrothermal vent vestimentiferan (Polychaeta: Siboglinidae)

Fig. 12 Tentacles. a Longitudinal ultrathin section of distal tentacle in specimen #675 with coelomic cavity (ct) surrounded by myoepithelial cells (mte), parts of prototroch (pr) ventral to tentacle; b–e series of ultrathin sections through region of connection between mesoderm of tentacles and first segment of specimen #308; arrows point to ECM of mesoderm; b epithelio-muscle cells (mu) surrounded by epidermis in tentacle; c solid mesoderm strand (mte) surrounded by epidermis in tentacle; d, e merging of mesoderm of first segment (m1) with mesoderm of tentacle (mte), foregut (fg)

Fig. 5 in Ophryotrocha (Dorvilleidae, Polychaeta, Annelida) from deep-sea hydrothermal vents, with the description of five new species

Fig. 5. Ophryotrocha kailae sp. nov. A. Whole body of living holotype (SIO-BIC A14100); inset shows the posterior end of paratype (SIO-BIC A14099) with pygidial cirri. B. Mandibles of paratype (SIO-BIC A14099). C. Maxillae of paratype (SIO-BIC A14099). D. Parapodium of paratype (SIO-BIC A14102). E. Simple supra-acicular chaetae of paratype (SIO-BIC A14102). F. Compound sub-acicular chaetae of paratype (SIO-BIC A14102). G. Simple sub-acicular chaeta of paratype (SIO-BIC A14102).

Fig. 4 in Ophryotrocha (Dorvilleidae, Polychaeta, Annelida) from deep-sea hydrothermal vents, with the description of five new species

Fig. 4. Ophryotrocha charlottae sp. nov. A. Whole body of living holotype (SIO-BIC A14096). B. Maxillae of holotype (SIO-BIC A14096). C. Mandibles from holotype (SIO-BIC A14096). D. Parapodium of paratype (SIO-BIC A14098). E. Simple supra-acicular chaetae of paratype (SIO-BIC A14098). F. Compound sub-acicular chaetae of paratype (SIO-BIC A14098). G. Simple sub-acicular chaeta of paratype (SIO-BIC A14098).

Fig. 2 in Ophryotrocha (Dorvilleidae, Polychaeta, Annelida) from deep-sea hydrothermal vents, with the description of five new species

Fig. 2. Haplotype networks from COI data with geographic locality (°NS) coding. A. Ophryotrocha cf. akessoni Blake, 1985. B. O. charlottae sp. nov. C. O. kailae sp. nov. D. O. marinae sp. nov.

Fig. 3 in Ophryotrocha (Dorvilleidae, Polychaeta, Annelida) from deep-sea hydrothermal vents, with the description of five new species

Fig. 3. Ophryotrocha cf. akessoni Blake, 1985. A. Dorsal and ventral views of live specimen (SIO-BIC A14105). B. Mandibles (SIO-BIC A14107). C. Maxillae (SIO-BIC A14107). D. Parapodium (SIO-BIC A14105). E. Simple supra-acicular chaetae (SIO-BIC A14105). F. Compound sub-acicular chaetae (SIO-BIC A14105). G. Simple sub-acicular chaeta (SIO-BIC A14106).

Fig. 9 in Ophryotrocha (Dorvilleidae, Polychaeta, Annelida) from deep-sea hydrothermal vents, with the description of five new species

Fig. 9. Ophryotrocha bohnorum sp. nov. A. Whole body of living paratype (SIO-BIC A14095). B. Dorsal view of anterior living holotype (SIO-BIC A14092) one of the distinctive brown spots on the peristomium indicated by white arrow. C. Mandibles of paratype (SIO-BIC A14093). D. Maxillae of paratype (SIO-BIC A14093). E. Parapodium of paratype (SIO-BIC A14093). F. Simple supra-acicular chaetae of paratype (SIO-BIC A14093). G. Compound sub-acicular chaetae of paratype (SIO-BIC A14093).

Fig. 7 in Ophryotrocha (Dorvilleidae, Polychaeta, Annelida) from deep-sea hydrothermal vents, with the description of five new species

Fig. 7. Ophryotrocha marinae sp. nov. A. Dorsal and ventral views of living paratype (SIO-BIC A14031). B. Whole specimens from paratype (SIO-BIC A14112). C. Mandibles of specimen from paratype (SIO- BIC A6308). D. Maxillae of specimen from paratype (SIO-BIC A6308). E. Parapodium of holotype (SIO-BIC A14109). F. Simple supra-acicular chaetae of holotype (SIO-BIC A14109). G. Compound sub-acicular chaetae of holotype (SIO-BIC A14109). H. Simple sub-acicular chaeta of paratype (SIO- BIC A14109).

Fig. 6 in Ophryotrocha (Dorvilleidae, Polychaeta, Annelida) from deep-sea hydrothermal vents, with the description of five new species

Fig. 6. Ophryotrocha marinae sp. nov. A. Numerous specimens associated with the tubes of Oasisia alvinae Jones, 1985 (Vestimentifera) at active hydrothermal vents of the Pescadero Basin (Mexico). Image from ROV SuBastian dive S0495, courtesy of the Schmidt Ocean Institute. B. Numerous specimens associated with microbial mat on the seafloor at active hydrothermal vents adjacent to a large mass of Oasisia alvinae. Some of these were collected and formed lots (SIO-BIC A6308, A1408– 14112). Image from ROV Doc Ricketts dive 750 in the Pescadero Basin, courtesy of the Monterey Bay and Aquarium Research Institute.

Fig. 8 in Ophryotrocha (Dorvilleidae, Polychaeta, Annelida) from deep-sea hydrothermal vents, with the description of five new species

Fig. 8. Ophryotrocha pruittae sp. nov. A. Dorsal view of living holotype (ICML-EMU-13288). B. Maxillae from paratype (SIO-BIC A14123). C. Mandibles from paratype (SIO-BIC A14123). D. Parapodium from paratype (SIO-BIC A6322). E. Simple supra-acicular chaetae from paratype (SIO- BIC A6322). F. Compound sub-acicular chaetae from paratype (SIO-BIC A6322). G. Simple subacicular chaetae of paratype (SIO-BIC A6322).