Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
12
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.7.1
Dataset results
12 results for “defensive symbiosis”
Data from: Breakdown of a defensive symbiosis, but not endogenous defenses, at elevated temperatures
Environmental factors, including temperature, can have large effects on species interactions, including mutualisms and antagonisms. Most insect species are infected with heritable bacterial symbionts with many protecting their hosts from natural enemies. However, many symbionts or their products are thermally sensitive hence their effectiveness may vary across a range of temperatures. In the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, the bacterial symbiont Hamiltonella defensa, and its associated APSE bacteriophages confer resistance to this aphid's dominant parasitoid, Aphidius ervi. Here we investigate the effects of temperature on both endogenous and symbiont-based protection against this parasitoid. We also explored the defensive properties of the X-type symbiont, a bacterium hypothesized to shape aphid defense when co-occurring with H. defensa. We show that H. defensa protection fails at higher temperatures, although some aphid genotype and H. defensa strain combinations are more robust than others at moderately warmer temperatures. We also found that a single X-type strain neither defended against parasitism by A. ervi nor rescued lost H. defensa protection at higher temperatures. In contrast, endogenous aphid resistance was effective across temperatures, revealing that these distinct defensive modes are not equally robust to changing environments. Through a survey of field-collected pea aphids we found a negative correlation between H. defensa frequencies and average daily temperatures across North American locales, fitting expectations for reduced symbiont benefits under warm climates. Based on these findings, we propose that rising global temperatures could promote the widespread breakdown of defensive mutualisms, a prospect with implications for both human and ecosystem health.
Defensive symbiosis in the wild: seasonal dynamics of parasitism risk and symbiont-conferred resistance
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Parasite-mediated selection can rapidly drive up resistance levels in host populations, but fixation of resistance traits may be prevented by costs of resistance. Black bean aphids (<em>Aphis fabae</em>) benefit from increased resistance to parasitoids when carrying the defensive bacterial endosymbiont <em>Hamiltonella defensa</em>. However, due to fitness costs that come with symbiont infection, symbiont-conferred resistance may result in either a net benefit or a net cost to the aphid host, depending on parasitoid presence as well as on the general ecological context. Balancing selection may therefore explain why in natural aphid populations, <em>H. defensa</em> is often found at intermediate frequencies.<strong> </strong>Here we present a two-year field study where we set out to look for signatures of balancing selection in natural aphid populations. We collected temporally well-resolved data on the prevalence of <em>H. defensa</em> in <em>A.f. fabae</em> and estimated the risk imposed by parasitoids using sentinel hosts.<strong> </strong>Despite a marked and consistent early-summer peak in parasitism risk and significant changes in symbiont prevalence over time, we found just a weak correlation between parasitism risk and <em>H. defensa </em>frequency dynamics. <em>H. defensa </em>prevalence in the populations under study was, in fact, better explained by the number of heat days that previous aphid generations were exposed to.<strong> </strong>Our study grants an unprecedentedly well-resolved insight into the dynamics of endosymbiont and parasitoid communities of <em>A.f. fabae </em>populations, and it adds to a growing body of empirical evidence suggesting that not only parasitism risk but rather multifarious selection is shaping <em>H. defensa</em> prevalence in the wild.</span></p>
Defensive symbiosis in the wild: seasonal dynamics of parasitism risk and symbiont-conferred resistance
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Defensive fungal symbiosis on insect hindlegs
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Breakdown of a defensive symbiosis, but not endogenous defenses, at elevated temperatures
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Adaptive divergence in a defense symbiosis driven from the top down
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Evolutionary stability of antibiotic protection in a defensive symbiosis
The increasing resistance of human pathogens severely limits the efficacy of antibiotics in medicine, yet many animals, including solitary beewolf wasps, successfully engage in defensive alliances with antibiotic-producing bacteria for millions of years. Here, we report on the in situ production of 49 derivatives belonging to three antibiotic compound classes (45 piericidin derivatives, 3 streptochlorin derivatives, and nigericin) by the symbionts of 25 beewolf host species and subspecies, spanning 68 million years of evolution. Despite a high degree of qualitative stability in the antibiotic mixture, we found consistent quantitative differences between species and across geographic localities, presumably reflecting adaptations to combat local pathogen communities. Antimicrobial bioassays with the three main components and in silico predictions based on the structure and specificity in polyketide synthase domains of the piericidin biosynthesis gene cluster yield insights into the mechanistic basis and ecoevolutionary implications of producing a complex mixture of antimicrobial compounds in a natural setting.
Data from: Transcriptional responses in a Drosophila defensive symbiosis
Inherited symbionts are ubiquitous in insects and can have important consequences for the fitness of their hosts. Many inherited symbionts defend their hosts against parasites or other natural enemies; however, the means by which most symbionts confer protection is virtually unknown. We examine the mechanisms of defence in a recently discovered case of symbiont-mediated protection, where the bacterial symbiont Spiroplasma defends the fly Drosophila neotestacea from a virulent nematode parasite, Howardula aoronymphium. Using quantitative PCR of Spiroplasma infection intensities and whole transcriptome sequencing, we attempt to distinguish between the following modes of defence: symbiont–parasite competition, host immune priming and the production of toxic factors by Spiroplasma. Our findings do not support a model of exploitative competition between Howardula and Spiroplasma to mediate defence, nor do we find strong support for host immune priming during Spiroplasma infection. Interestingly, we recovered sequence for putative toxins encoded by Spiroplasma, including a novel putative ribosome-inactivating protein, transcripts of which are up-regulated in response to nematode exposure. Protection via the production of toxins may be a widely used and important mechanism in heritable defensive symbioses in insects.
Data from: Transcriptional responses in a Drosophila defensive symbiosis
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Evolutionary stability of antibiotic protection in a defensive symbiosis
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Generality of toxins in defensive symbiosis: ribosome-inactivating proteins and defense against parasitic wasps in Drosophila
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Phage loss and the breakdown of a defensive symbiosis in aphids
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.