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9 results for “delayed dispersal”
Delayed dispersal in splendid fairywrens
<p>Delayed dispersal is a critical first step in the formation of both cooperative breeding and family-living groups. However, disentangling the multiple, potentially co-occurring factors that influence the dispersal of young individuals is often difficult and can require multiple data sources. We combine data from a long-term mark-recapture study and field experiments to address the patterns, fitness consequences, and proximate causes of delayed dispersal in the splendid fairywren (<em>Malurus splendens melanotus</em>). This species is a cooperative breeder, with males remaining as helpers more often for more years and settling closer to their natal territories than females. We found that birds who were helpers in one or more years had greater first-year nest success, and the number of years spent helping had a positive impact on survival. By experimentally producing breeding vacancies for young males, we tested if male-biased sex ratio and breeding opportunities constrained dispersal in this system. Only half of the vacancies created were filled, and dispersal took, on average, approximately three days. These findings illustrate that ecological constraints, benefits-of-philopatry, and life history benefits may all be acting within the same system to shape dispersal patterns.</p>
Delayed dispersal in splendid fairywrens
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Study to Assess Rifaximin Soluble Solid Dispersion (SSD) for the Delay of Encephalopathy Decompensation in Cirrhosis
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05071716. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 4. Publications: 1.
Data from: Delayed dispersal and prolonged brood care in a family-living beetle
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Data from: Delayed dispersal and the costs and benefits of different routes to independent breeding in a cooperatively breeding bird
Why sexually mature individuals stay in groups as nonreproductive subordinates is central to the evolution of sociality and cooperative breeding. To understand such delayed dispersal, its costs and benefits need to be compared with those of permanently leaving to float through the population. However, comprehensive comparisons, especially regarding differences in future breeding opportunities, are rare. Moreover, extraterritorial prospecting by philopatric individuals has generally been ignored, even though the factors underlying this route to independent breeding may differ from those of strict philopatry or floating. We use a comprehensive predictive framework to explore how various costs, benefits and intrinsic, environmental and social factors explain philopatry, prospecting, and floating in Seychelles warblers (Acrocephalus sechellensis). Not only floaters more likely obtained an independent breeding position before the next season than strictly philopatric individuals, but also suffered higher mortality. Prospecting yielded similar benefits to floating but lower mortality costs, suggesting that it is overall more beneficial than floating and strict philopatry. While prospecting is probably individual-driven, although limited by resource availability, floating likely results from eviction by unrelated breeders. Such differences in proximate and ultimate factors underlying each route to independent breeding highlight the need for simultaneous consideration when studying the evolution of delayed dispersal.
Data from: Habitat saturation promotes delayed dispersal in a social reptile
When and where offspring disperse has important implications for the evolutionary emergence and maintenance of group living. In non-cooperative breeders, direct benefits of delayed dispersal are relatively limited, suggesting that decisions regarding whether or not to remain in the parental territory are largely driven by the availability of suitable habitat in which to settle. While there is ample evidence of correlations between habitat saturation and delayed dispersal, experimental tests are rare, particularly for species with facultative group formation. We manipulated the density of conspecifics in enclosed populations of a family living reptile to experimentally evaluate the influence of habitat saturation on the tendency to delay dispersal. Habitat saturation did not influence whether or not offspring explored their surroundings. However, when conspecific density was high, more offspring delayed dispersal and those that did settle in high-density enclosures had reduced survival. These patterns appear to be due to increased dispersal costs imposed by conspecific aggression; offspring that explored high-density enclosures had reduced body condition and a greater risk of mortality. We discuss these results in the context of the evolutionary origins of family living.
Data from: Habitat saturation promotes delayed dispersal in a social reptile
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Data from: Delayed dispersal and the costs and benefits of different routes to independent breeding in a cooperatively breeding bird
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Efficacy of Levodopa/Benserazide Dispersible Tablet on Response Fluctuations in PD Patients With Delayed ON
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02769793. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
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