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10 results for “desert steppe”
Indicative distribution map for Ecosystem Functional Group T5.1 Semi-desert steppe
<p>This archive contains indicative distribution maps and profiles for <strong>T5.1 Semi-desert steppe</strong>, a ecosystem functional group (EFG, level 3) of the <a href="https://global-ecosystems.org/">IUCN Global Ecosystem Typology</a> (v2.0). Please refer to Keith <em>et al.</em> (2020) for details.</p> <p>The descriptive profiles provide brief summaries of key ecological traits and processes, maps are indicative of global distribution patterns, and are not intended to represent fine-scale patterns. The maps show areas of the world containing major (value of 1, coloured red) or minor occurrences (value of 2, coloured yellow) of each ecosystem functional group. Minor occurrences are areas where an ecosystem functional group is scattered in patches within matrices of other ecosystem functional groups or where they occur in substantial areas, but only within a segment of a larger region. Given bounds of resolution and accuracy of source data, the maps should be used to query which EFG are likely to occur within areas, rather than which occur at particular point locations. Detailed methods and references for the maps are included in the profile (xml format).</p>
Data from: Impacts of mixed-grazing on root biomass and belowground net primary production in a temperate desert steppe
The impacts of large herbivores on plant communities differ depending on the plants and the herbivores. Few studies have explored how herbivores influence root biomass. Root growth of vegetation was studied in the field with four treatments: sheep grazing alone (SG), cattle grazing alone (CG), mixed grazing with cattle and sheep (MG) and no grazing (CK). Live and total root biomasses were measured using the root ingrowth core and the drilling core, respectively. After 2 years of grazing, total root biomass showed a decreasing trend while live root biomass increased with time during the growing seasons. Belowground net primary production (BNPP) among the treatments varied from 166±32 to 501±88 g.m-2 and root turnover rates (RTR) varied from 0.25±0.05 to 0.70±0.11 year-1. SG had the greatest BNPP and RTR, while the CG had the smallest BNPP and RTR. BNPP and RTR of the MG treatment were between those of the CG and SG treatments. BNPP and RTR of the CK were similar to MG treatment. Compared with other treatments, CG had a greater impact on dominant tall grasses species in communities. SG could decrease community diversity. MG eliminated the disadvantages of single-species grazing and was beneficial to community diversity and stability.
Data from: Phosphorus amendment mitigates nitrogen addition-induced phosphorus limitation in two plant species in a desert steppe, China
Background and aims: The increasing deposition of atmospheric nitrogen (N) due to anthropogenic activities has significantly enhanced N inputs to ecosystems, resulting in an imbalance in the N: phosphorus (P) ratios in plants and soils. This study aimed to determine whether, and to what extent, P addition alleviates N-induced P limitation in a desert steppe ecosystem. Methods: We conducted a multi-level N:P supply experiment (i.e., constant N with varied P-addition levels) for a grass species, Pennisetum centrasiaticum, and a N-fixing species, Glycyrrhiza uralensis. Results: With increasing amounts of P addition (thereby decreasing the N:P ratio), green-leaf P concentrations of the two species studied tended to increase, while P-resorption proficiency and efficiency tended to decrease. There were no consistent trends in green-leaf N concentrations in response to P addition. However, both species exhibited high N-resorption proficiency, especially in G. uralensis, with high P addition. Generally, the carbon (C):P and N:P ratios both in soils and in green leaves had positive relationships with green-leaf N concentration and P-resorption proficiency of P. centrasiaticum as well as P-resorption traits of G. uralensis, but negative relationships with green-leaf P concentrations in both species. Conclusions: Our study indicates that P addition can alter P-conservation strategy and thereby releasing plant species from the N-induced imbalance of N:P ratios. However, large amounts of P addition could overcompensate and pose a risk of N limitation in desert steppe ecosystems.
Distribution. Steppes of the Tarim Basin around the edge of the Taklamakan Desert, S Xinjiang (NW China). in Leporidae
Distribution. Steppes of the Tarim Basin around the edge of the Taklamakan Desert, S Xinjiang (NW China).
Data from: Phosphorus amendment mitigates nitrogen addition-induced phosphorus limitation in two plant species in a desert steppe, China
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Data from: Impacts of mixed-grazing on root biomass and belowground net primary production in a temperate desert steppe
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Data from: Grazing effects on surface energy fluxes in a desert steppe on the Mongolian Plateau
Quantifying the surface energy fluxes of grazed and ungrazed steppes is essential to understand the roles of grasslands in local and global climate and in land use change. We used paired eddy-covariance towers to investigate the effects of grazing on energy balance (EB) components: net radiation (Rn), latent heat (LE), sensible heat (H), and soil heat (G) fluxes on adjacent grazed and ungrazed areas in a desert steppe of the Mongolian Plateau for a two-year period (2010-2012). Near 95% of Rn was partitioned as LE and H, whereas the contributions of G and other components of the EB were 5% at an annual scale. H dominated the energy partitioning and shared ~50% of Rn. When comparing the grazed and the ungrazed desert steppe, there was remarkably lower Rn and a lower H, but higher G at the grazed site than at the ungrazed site. Both reduced available energy (Rn˗G) and H through grazing indicated a "cooling effect" feedback onto the local climate. Grazing reduced the dry year LE but enhanced the wet year LE. Energy partitioning of LE/Rn was positively correlated with the canopy conductivity, leaf area index, and soil moisture. H/Rn was positively correlated with the vapor pressure deficit but negatively correlated with the soil moisture. Boosted regression tree results showed that LE/Rn was dominated by soil moisture in both years and at both sites, while grazing shifted the H/Rn domination from temperature to soil moisture in the wet year. Grazing not only caused a LE shift between the dry and the wet year, but also triggered a decrease in the H/Rn because of changes in vegetation and soil properties, indicating that the ungrazed area had a greater resistance while the grazed area had a greater sensitivity of EB components to the changing climate.
Data from: Nitrogen deposition magnifies the sensitivity of desert steppe plant communities to large changes in precipitation
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Data from: Grazing effects on surface energy fluxes in a desert steppe on the Mongolian Plateau
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Inter-annual precipitation variability alters the effects of soil resource enrichment and mycorrhizal suppression on plant communities in desert steppe
<p><strong>Questions:</strong> In desert steppes, plant community productivity and species composition are primarily co-limited by soil water and nitrogen availability. However, how the addition of resources and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi interactively influence plant community performance has not been investigated in detail.</p> <p><strong>Location: </strong>Desert steppe, China.</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> We performed a field study to examine the effects of levels of increased water, nitrogen and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal suppression on plant communities in 2 year with contrasting inter-annual precipitation variability in desert steppe.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> We found that inter-annual precipitation variability altered plant community composition and productivity in responses to water and nitrogen addition and mycorrhizal suppression. AM fungal suppression had few effects on aboveground plant productivity, whereas the primary effects of water and nitrogen addition were significant across all two years. The addition of water and nitrogen altered plant community composition and productivity primarily by increasing the abundance and biomass of annual species only in normal year (2019), but decreasing the abundance of perennial grasses regardless of the presence of AM fungi across two years with contrasting precipitation conditions. Moreover, the addition of water alone slightly increased the species richness and Shannon diversity compared with the control.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Our findings highlight the importance of inter-annual precipitation variability rather than that of soil resource enrichment and plant–arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi interactions in plant community composition within the desert steppe.</p>
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