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207 results for “deterioration”
Supplementary material to: Long-term (bio)deterioration of Fe-containing and Fe-depleted sandstones: An experimental insight into biotic and abiotic interactions.
<p>This dataset includes: micorphotographs, scanning electron microscope images and related EDS spectra, thermal analysis (DSC-TG), grain size distribution. Abbreviations used in the supplementary file names refer to: GMB (growth medium inoculated with the bacteria, Pseudomonas fluorescens), GM (sterile growth medium), ARE (artificial root exudates), H2O (water), NR (Sample Nowa Ruda), Z (Sample Żerkowice ŻR).</p>
Reservoir water quality deterioration due to deforestation emphasizes the indirect effects of global change
<p><strong>This repository contains the dataset linked to the following publication:</strong></p> <p><strong>Article title:</strong> Reservoir water quality deterioration due to deforestation emphasizes the indirect effects of global change</p> <p><strong>Journal title: </strong>Water Research</p> <p><strong>Article Number: </strong>WR_118721</p> <p><strong>doi: </strong>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2022.118721</p> <p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Deforestation is currently a widespread phenomenon and a growing environmental concern in the era of rapid climate change. In temperate regions, it is challenging to quantify the impacts of deforestation on the catchment dynamics and downstream aquatic ecosystems such as reservoirs and disentangle these from direct climate change impacts, let alone project future changes to inform management. Here, we tackled this issue by investigating a unique catchment-reservoir system with two reservoirs in distinct trophic states (meso‑ and eutrophic), both of which drain into the largest drinking water reservoir in Germany. Due to the prolonged droughts in 2015–2018, the catchment of the mesotrophic reservoir lost an unprecedented area of forest (exponential increase since 2015 and ca. 17.1% loss in 2020 alone). We coupled catchment nutrient exports (HYPE) and reservoir ecosystem dynamics (GOTM-WET) models using a process-based modeling approach. The coupled model was validated with datasets spanning periods of rapid deforestation, which makes our future projections highly robust. Results show that in a short-term time scale (by 2035), increasing nutrient flux from the catchment due to vast deforestation (80% loss) can turn the mesotrophic reservoir into a eutrophic state as its counterpart. Our results emphasize the more prominent impacts of deforestation than the direct impact of climate warming in impairment of water quality and ecological services to downstream aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, we propose to evaluate the impact of climate change on temperate reservoirs by incorporating a time scale-dependent context, highlighting the indirect impact of deforestation in the short-term scale. In the long-term scale (e.g. to 2100), a guiding hypothesis for future research may be that indirect effects (e.g., as mediated by catchment dynamics) are as important as the direct effects of climate warming on aquatic ecosystems.<br> </p> <p><strong>Data description</strong><br> by Xiangzhen Kong (xiangzhen.kong@ufz.de; xzkong@niglas.ac.cn)<br> 2022-06-20</p> <p>1. Discharge in the streams from 2010 to 2021 at YRZ site, and from 2010 to 2020 at YHZ_Q site.</p> <ul> <li>File name: dat_discharge_stream_YRZ_YHZ_2010_2021_daily.csv</li> <li>Note: The data is at daily basis but also available at 15-min high frequency basis, which can be requested from the authors.</li> </ul> <p>2. Nitrate concentration in the streams from 2011 to 2019 at both YRZ and YHZ_Q sites.</p> <ul> <li>File name: dat_nitrate_stream_YRZ_YHZ_2011_2019_daily.csv</li> <li>Note: The data is at daily basis but also available at 15-min high frequency basis, which can be requested from the authors.</li> </ul> <p>3. Water quality data in the inflows from 2010 to 2021 at biweekly basis, from YRZ and YHZ_WQ sites.</p> <ul> <li>File name: dat_waterquality_stream_YRZ_YHZ_2010_2021_biweekly.csv</li> <li>Note: The data is at biweekly basis, measured at the depth of 0.5m under water surface, from both probe and lab.</li> </ul> <p>4. Water quality data in the predams from 2010 to 2021 at biweekly basis, from YR1 and YH1 sites.</p> <ul> <li>File name: dat_waterquality_predams_YR1_YH1_2010_2021_biweekly.csv</li> <li>Note: The data is at biweekly basis, measured at the depth of 0.5m under water surface, from both probe and lab.</li> </ul> <p>5. Water quality data in the predams from 2010 to 2015 at biweekely basis, from YR3 and YH3 sites.</p> <ul> <li>File name: dat_waterquality_predams_YR3_YH3_2010_2015_biweekly.csv</li> <li>Note: The data is at biweekly basis, measured at various water depth, only from lab.</li> </ul> <p>6. CTD and BBE probe profile data in the predams from 2010 to 2015 at biweekely basis, from YR3 and YH3 sites.</p> <ul> <li>Note: Data stored in the folder "probe_profiles_predam_YR3_YH3_2010_2015_biweekly". The data is at biweekly basis, measured at various water depths. The measurements include water temperature (Celcius), DO (mg/L), Chl-a (mg/m3), bluegreen, green and diatom (all in Chl-a, mg/m3)</li> </ul>
Scripts from: A framework to diagnose the causes of river ecosystem deterioration using biological symptoms
<ol> <li>River assessments are predominantly based upon biological metrics and indices selected or designed to integrate the impact of multiple causes of deterioration (stressors) operating at various spatial scales. Yet, the integrative nature of many bioassessment systems does not allow for tracing back individual stressors and their influence on the overall assessment result. Thus, river managers often fail to link bioassessment with programmes of management measures, to improve ecological quality.</li> <li>Here, we present a novel diagnostic approach that allows to estimate the probability of individual stressors being causal for biological degradation at the scale of individual riverine ecosystems. Similar to medical diagnosis, we use various <i>symptoms</i> (macroinvertebrate metrics) and probabilistically link them to various potential <i>causes</i> of ecological status degradation (stressors). Symptoms and causes are informed by a training dataset of 157 samples (stressors, taxa lists) from central European lowland rivers and are linked through a Bayesian Network (BN). Three separate BNs addressing three different spatial scales (catchment, reach and site) are presented. </li> <li>Water quality-related causes are most influential at the catchment scale, while hydromorphological causes prevail at finer scales. Causes indicating riparian degradation are most influential at the reach scale. Many symptoms show strong linkages to causes and reveal ecologically meaningful relationships, thus pointing at the potential diagnostic utility of the symptoms selected. BNs are validated using an independent dataset of 47 samples. Overall, model accuracies range 53–58% for the three BNs, while for individual nodes (causes and symptoms) up to 100% concordance of predicted and actual node states in the validation data is achieved. The BNs are implemented as interactive online diagnostic tools to allow end users an easy application. </li> <li> <i>Synthesis and applications.</i> Our results confirm that Bayesian inference can greatly assist the diagnosis of potential causes of river deterioration based upon a selection of diagnostic biological metrics. If integrated into a Bayesian Network, symptoms and potential causes can be linked and inform management decisions on appropriate measures, to improve ecological quality. Diagnostic Bayesian Networks thus support end users bridge the gap between biological monitoring and appropriate programmes of management measures. 28 July 2020</li> </ol>
Data from: A framework to diagnose the causes of river ecosystem deterioration using biological symptoms
<ol> <li>River assessments are predominantly based upon biological metrics and indices selected or designed to integrate the impact of multiple causes of deterioration (stressors) operating at various spatial scales. Yet, the integrative nature of many bioassessment systems does not allow for tracing back individual stressors and their influence on the overall assessment result. Thus, river managers often fail to link bioassessment with programmes of management measures, to improve ecological quality.</li> <li>Here, we present a novel diagnostic approach that allows to estimate the probability of individual stressors being causal for biological degradation at the scale of individual riverine ecosystems. Similar to medical diagnosis, we use various <i>symptoms</i> (macroinvertebrate metrics) and probabilistically link them to various potential <i>causes</i> of ecological status degradation (stressors). Symptoms and causes are informed by a training dataset of 157 samples (stressors, taxa lists) from central European lowland rivers and are linked through a Bayesian Network (BN). Three separate BNs addressing three different spatial scales (catchment, reach and site) are presented. </li> <li>Water quality-related causes are most influential at the catchment scale, while hydromorphological causes prevail at finer scales. Causes indicating riparian degradation are most influential at the reach scale. Many symptoms show strong linkages to causes and reveal ecologically meaningful relationships, thus pointing at the potential diagnostic utility of the symptoms selected. BNs are validated using an independent dataset of 47 samples. Overall, model accuracies range 53–58% for the three BNs, while for individual nodes (causes and symptoms) up to 100% concordance of predicted and actual node states in the validation data is achieved. The BNs are implemented as interactive online diagnostic tools to allow end users an easy application. </li> <li> <i>Synthesis and applications.</i> Our results confirm that Bayesian inference can greatly assist the diagnosis of potential causes of river deterioration based upon a selection of diagnostic biological metrics. If integrated into a Bayesian Network, symptoms and potential causes can be linked and inform management decisions on appropriate measures, to improve ecological quality. Diagnostic Bayesian Networks thus support end users bridge the gap between biological monitoring and appropriate programmes of management measures. 28-Jul-2020</li> </ol>
Data of "Aerosol-cloud interactions near cloud base deteriorating the haze pollution in East China"
<p><span>The attached data is observations from ground to 1200 m a.g.l. using a tethered airship in Yangtze Rive Delta of China. The data is for analysis and figures in the study of "Aerosol-cloud interactions near cloud base deteriorating the haze pollution in East China".</span></p>
FIGURE 1 in Variation in the Deterioration of Fossil Resins and Implications for the Conservation of Fossils in Amber
FIGURE 1. Historical deterioration of amber pieces in the AMNH collections: A. Crazing of several old Baltic amber specimens. B. Old Baltic amber piece with insect exhibiting "darkening." C. Same specimen after repolishing. D. "Darkening" of several old Baltic amber specimens. E. Same specimens after repolishing. F. Old Baltic amber piece showing overall deterioration including crazing and large crack through the insect inclusion. G. Same piece after embedding in a high-grade epoxy (EpoTek 301-2).
FIGURE 4 in Variation in the Deterioration of Fossil Resins and Implications for the Conservation of Fossils in Amber
FIGURE 4. Crazing after exposure to a combination of UV/Vis and fluctuating humidity. A. New Jersey sample prior to treatment (size of all samples: 1.5 cm × 1.25 cm × 3 mm). B. New Jersey sample after treatment. C. Detail of crazing on New Jersey sample. D. Burmese sample prior to treatment. E. Burmese sample after treatment. F. Detail of crazing on Burmese sample.
FIGURE 7 in Variation in the Deterioration of Fossil Resins and Implications for the Conservation of Fossils in Amber
FIGURE 7. Images showing effects of heat on amber samples. A. Baltic sample prior to treatment. B. Yellowing of Baltic sample due to heat exposure. C. Burmese sample prior to treatment. D. No discernible yellowing of Burmese sample after heat exposure.
Scripts from: A framework to diagnose the causes of river ecosystem deterioration using biological symptoms
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: A framework to diagnose the causes of river ecosystem deterioration using biological symptoms
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Habitat deterioration promotes the evolution of direct development in metamorphosing species
<p>Although metamorphosis is widespread in the animal kingdom, several species have evolved life cycle modifications to avoid complete metamorphosis. Some species, e.g., many salamanders and newts, have deleted the adult stage via a process called paedomorphosis. Others, e.g., some frog species and marine invertebrates, no longer have a distinct larval stage and reach maturation via direct development. Here we study which ecological conditions can lead to the loss of metamorphosis via the evolution of direct development. To do so, we use size-structured consumer-resource models in conjunction with the adaptive-dynamics approach. In case the larval habitat deteriorates, individuals will produce larger offspring and in concert accelerate metamorphosis. While this leads to the evolutionary transition from metamorphosis to direct development when the adult habitat is highly favourable, the population will go extinct in case the adult habitat does not provide sufficient food in order to escape metamorphosis. With a phylogenetic approach we furthermore show that among amphibians the transition of metamorphosis to direct development is indeed, in line with model predictions, conditional on and preceded by the evolution of larger egg sizes.</p>
Data from: Cough reflex sensitivity and urge-to-cough deterioration in dementia with Lewy bodies
Cough, an important respiratory symptom, predominantly involves the brainstem, and the urge-to-cough is modulated by the cerebral cortex. Lewy body disease is associated with decreased cough reflex sensitivity and central respiratory chemosensitivity. Additionally, the insula, associated with the urge-to-cough, shows decreased activation and atrophy in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). We investigated the relationships between cognition and cough reflex and the urge-to-cough and compared the differences in responses of patients with DLB and other dementia subtypes. We conducted a cross-sectional study within a geriatric ward of a university hospital involving elderly patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD), DLB, or non-dementia (controls). The cough reflex sensitivities were estimated based on the lowest concentrations of inhaled citric acid that could induce ≥2 coughs (C2) or ≥5 coughs (C5). Subjects were asked to rate the urge-to-cough based on the threshold concentrations (Cu) using the modified Borg scale. C2, C5, and Cu were negatively correlated with cognitive function in female participants but not in males (P<0.01). The cough reflex sensitivity expressed as C2 and C5 were significantly higher in the DLB group than in the AD and control groups (P<0.01 adjusted for gender). The urge-to-cough threshold expressed as Cu was also significantly higher, while the urge-to-cough log–log slope was less responsive with the increasing cough-evoking stimuli in the DLB group than that in the other groups. The cough reflex sensitivity and perceived urge-to-cough deteriorated in the DLB group than in the other groups. This result might be valuable in treating patients with DLB.
Data from: Loss and recovery of ecological diversity associated with evolutionary rescue in abruptly and gradually deteriorating environments
<p><span>Populations may survive environmental deterioration by evolutionary adaptation. However, such evolutionary rescue events may be associated with ecological costs, such as reduction in growth performance and loss of ecologically important genetic diversity. Those negative ecological consequences may be mitigated by additional adaptive evolution. Both the ecological costs and the opportunities for additional evolution are contingent on the severity of environmental deterioration. Here we hypothesize that populations evolutionarily rescued from faster, relative to slow, environmental deterioration suffer more severe long-term fitness decline and diversity loss. An experiment with the model adaptive radiation of bacterium <em>Pseudomonas fluorescens</em> exposed to abruptly or gradually increased antibiotic stress supported our hypothesis. The effect of additional adaptive evolution in recovering population size and ecological diversity was far from perfect. Cautions are therefore needed in predicting the role of rapid evolution for mitigating the impacts of environmental changes, in particular very fast environmental deterioration. We also found that bacterial populations rescued from gradually increased antibiotic stress evolved higher levels of antibiotic resistance, lending more support to </span><span>aggressive chemotherapy in pathogen control</span><span>.</span></p>
Numerical analysis of working paper "Joint integrated production-maintenance policy of a deteriorating equipment considering random yield and maintenance delay"
<p>This is the numerical analysis code using in the working paper "Joint integrated production-maintenance policy of a</p> <p>deteriorating equipment considering random yield and maintenance delay"</p>
Additional information for Acidification from microbial oxidation of N, S, Fe and Mn as potential key mechanism for sprayed concrete deterioration in a subsea road tunnel
<p>Here we include additional files for Karacic <em>et al</em>. <strong>Acidification from microbial oxidation of N, S, Fe and Mn as potential key mechanism for sprayed concrete deterioration in a subsea road tunnel</strong></p> <p>Metagenome reads and MAGs are avaliable in the NCBI BioProject PRJNA755678</p> <p>The following files are included here</p> <ul> <li><strong>MAGs_summary_Oslofjord.tsv</strong>: Information about the Oslofjord MAGs (GTDB R207 taxonomy, relative abundance, Completness, Contamination, NCBI accessions)</li> <li><strong>gtdbtk.ar53.summary.</strong> Output from GTDB-Tk v2.1.0 with GTDB R207_v2. Archaeal MAGs</li> <li><strong>gtdbtk.bac120.summary.tsv</strong>. Output from GTDB-Tk v2.1.0 with GTDB R207_v2. Bacterial MAGs</li> <li><strong>FeGenie-geneSummary.csv</strong>: Output from FeGenie</li> <li><strong>Annotations_1.tsv</strong> : Output from DRAM (215 MAGs)</li> <li><strong>Annotations_2.tsv</strong>: Output from DRAM (186 MAGs)</li> <li><strong>OFTMs_DRAM_genes.DiSCo.filtered.txt</strong>. Output from DiSCo</li> <li><strong>code_R.zip</strong>: R-code and additional files used for making MAGs figures</li> </ul> <p>This is version 2 of the dataset and it replaces version 1 (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5292093) </p>
FIGURE 6 in Variation in the Deterioration of Fossil Resins and Implications for the Conservation of Fossils in Amber
FIGURE 6. Yellowing of the five resins following heat aging, based on change in CIELab values.
Data from: Reproducing in hot water: experimental heatwaves deteriorate multiple reproductive traits in a freshwater ectotherm
<p>Heatwaves are occurring at an increasing frequency and intensity under ongoing climate change. With many reproductive traits – including mating behaviour and gamete traits– being sensitive even to small stressors, including short temperature changes, the impact of heatwaves on reproduction and sexual selection processes is likely to be vast. Also, understanding whether the sexes may differentially respond to these extreme events is crucial to understand the impact on fecundity and the consequence at the population level. Nonetheless, our knowledge of the effects of heatwaves on these key aspects of an animal life is still limited. Here, we expose recently mated male and female guppies (Poecilia reticulata) to an experimental heatwave (32°C, 6°C above the control, for 5 days) to determine its effects on several traits, including sexual behaviour, condition, ornamentation, and fertility. Using this design, in contrast to most other experimental set ups, we had the possibility to attribute the effects of the heatwave to males' and females' reproductive traits independently. Overall, our results indicate that heatwaves can drastically affect key reproductive traits and unravel sex-specific responses. In males, there was no effect of the heatwave on survival, but both pre- and post-copulatory reproductive traits were affected. After the heatwave, we detected a decrease in orange colouration (the most important ornament on which female choice is based) and the overall level of sexual activity, and a shift in the preferred mating tactic towards forced copulation attempts. The latter suggest implications in sexual conflict dynamics, as forced copulations override female mate choice. Also, after the heatwave, males had more sperm but of lower quality, and, in addition, an increased variance in sperm number. Overall, heatwaves may result in a compromised ability to secure mating and fertilization. In females, the heatwave significantly affected survival, with increased mortality in the short term, and impaired fecundity, with many females from the heatwave treatment not reproducing at all. The negative effects of heatwaves on key reproductive traits unravelled by our study could have major implications for population dynamics and persistence. It highlights the need for further studies on these extreme events on reproduction, to improve our understanding of the impacts of climate change.</p>
R-script: Deterioration of respiratory health following changes to land cover and climate in Indonesia
<p>This file contains the R-script presented in "Santika, T., Muhidin, S., Haryanto, B. et al. (2023) Deterioration of respiratory health following changes to land cover and climate in Indonesia".</p> <p>** R-script.txt</p> <p>This is the main script used to produce the results of the paper, which contains three parts:</p> <ol> <li>Analysis of the change in rainfall patterns across regencies in Sumatra, Indonesia</li> <li>Analysis of the change in fire patterns across Sumatra by soil type and land cover/degradation</li> <li>Analysis of the link between respiratory illness prevalence and environmental and socio-economic variables</li> </ol>
Risk Indicators and IPI Performance in Sedation-Related Respiratory Deterioration in COPD
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07262905. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Predictive Value of the FORE-SIGHT™ Monitor for Hemodynamic Deterioration
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01706497. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 12.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.