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78 results for “diet seasonality”
Stomach contents (1977-1981) and stable isotopes (1994) from the Everglades, Florida, USA from the publication "Fishes in a seasonally pulsed wetland show spatiotemporal shifts in diet and trophic niche but not shifts in trophic position"
Stomach contents of fishes (1977-1981) and stable isotopes of fishes, invertebrates, and basal resources (1994) were collected from spikerush marsh, sawgrass ridge, and alligator pond habitats in Shark River Slough, Everglades National Park, Florida, USA. These data were used to quantify diet, trophic niche area, trophic position, basal resource use and how these metrics vary among size classes, seasons, and habitats. Data collection is complete. These data support Flood et al. (2023). Associated R code will be made available through Peter Flood's GitHub: https://github.com/pjflood/historic_everglades_aquatic_food_web. References: Flood, Peter J., William F. Loftus, and Joel C. Trexler. "Fishes in a seasonally pulsed wetland show spatiotemporal shifts in diet and trophic niche but not shifts in trophic position." Food Webs 34 (2023): e00265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fooweb.2022.e00265
Data and code from "Black-throated blue warblers (Setophaga caerulescens) exhibit diet flexibility and track seasonal changes in insect availability" Kaiser et al. 2024 Ecology and Evolution
Changes in leaf phenology from warming spring and autumn temperatures have lengthened the temperate zone growing ‘green’ season and breeding window for migratory birds in North America. However, the fitness benefits of an extended breeding season will depend, in part, on whether species have sufficient dietary flexibility to accommodate seasonal changes in prey availability. We used fecal DNA metabarcoding to test the hypothesis that seasonal changes in the diets of the insectivorous, migratory black-throated blue warbler (Setophaga caerulescens) track changes in the availability of arthropod prey at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire, USA. We examined changes across the breeding season and along an elevation gradient encompassing a two-week difference in green season length. From 98 fecal samples, we identified 395 taxa from 17 arthropod orders; 242 were identified to species, with Cecrita guttivitta (saddled prominent moth), Theridion frondeum (eastern long-legged cobweaver), and Philodromus rufus (white-striped running crab spider) occurring at the highest frequency. We found significant differences in diet composition between survey periods and weak differences among elevation zones. Variance in diet composition was highest late in the season, and diet richness and diversity were highest early in the season. Diet composition was associated with changes in prey availability surveyed over the green season. However, several taxa occurred in diets more or less than expected relative to their frequency of occurrence from survey data, suggesting that prey selection or avoidance sometimes accompanies opportunistic foraging. This study demonstrates that black-throated blue warblers exhibit diet flexibility and track seasonal changes in prey availability, which has implications for migratory bird responses to climate-induced changes in insect communities with longer green seasons. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HB
Body size modulates the extent of seasonal diet switching by large mammalian herbivores in Yellowstone National Park
<div> <p><span>Large mammalian herbivores vary their diets markedly with changes in resource availability yet the ways that seasonal changes in individual foraging behaviors scale up to reconfigure complex trophic networks are poorly understood. Two years of dietary DNA data enabled us to quantify fine-grained dietary variation within and among populations of five large herbivore species at Yellowstone National Park, revealing remarkably strong and significant correlations between body size and five key indicators of diet seasonality (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.71–0.80). Data from GPS collars implicated seasonal changes in each species' movement- and habitat-use patterns as potential determinants of foraging constraints and specializations that give rise to the strong allometry in diet composition. Bison and elk showed relatively muted seasonal changes compared to smaller species that exhibited stronger switches. Whereas the taxonomic breadth of individual diets contracted for all species in winter, larger species generally consumed a greater functional diversity of plants and thus maintained more unique dietary niches under resource limitations.</span></p> </div>
Data from: Seasonal diet partition among top predators of a small island, Iriomotejima island in the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan
<p>In general, small islands lack predators because species at higher trophic levels often cannot survive. However, two predators—the Iriomote cat <em>Prionailurus bengalensis iriomotensis</em>, and the Crested Serpent Eagle<em> Spilornis cheela perplexus</em>—live on Iriomotejima Island in the Ryukyu Archipelago, which covers an area of approximately 284 square kilometers. To understand how these two top predators coexist on such a small island with limited resources, we focused on their seasonal feeding habits which are considered crucial for survival in such an island ecosystem. To compare the diets of the Iriomote cat and Crested Serpent Eagle, we used DNA metabarcoding analysis of their fecal samples. In the summer, we identified 16 prey items from Iriomote cat fecal samples, and 15 Crested Serpent Eagle fecal samples. In the winter, we identified 37 and 14 prey items, respectively. Using a non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and a permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA), our study reveals significant differences in the diet composition at the order level between the predators during both seasons. Furthermore, although some prey items at the species-to-order level overlapped between the two predators, the frequency of occurrence of most prey items differed between them in both seasons. These results suggest that this difference in diets was one of the reasons why the Iriomote cat and the Crested Serpent Eagle coexisted on such a small island.</p>
Seasonal and ontological variation in diet and age-related differences in prey choice, by an insectivorous songbird
<p>The diet of an individual animal is subject to change over time, both in response to short-term food fluctuations and over longer time scales as an individual ages and meets different challenges over its life cycle. A metabarcoding approach was used to elucidate the diet of different life stages of a migratory songbird, the Eurasian reed warbler (<em>Acrocephalus scirpaceus</em>) over the 2017 summer breeding season in Somerset, UK. The faeces of adult, juvenile and nestling warblers were screened for invertebrate DNA, enabling the identification of prey species. Dietary analysis was coupled with monitoring of Diptera in the field using yellow sticky traps. Seasonal changes in warbler diet were subtle whereas age class had a greater influence on overall diet composition. Age classes showed high dietary overlap, but significant dietary differences were mediated through the selection of prey; i) from different taxonomic groups, ii) with different habitat origins (aquatic versus terrestrial) and iii) of different average approximate sizes. Our results highlight the value of metabarcoding data for enhancing ecological studies of insectivores in dynamic environments. </p>
Fig. 1 in Seasonal Diet Differences Of The Common Toad Bufo Bufo (Linnaeus, 1758) In Ukrainian Roztochia (Western Ukraine)
Fig. 1. Sampling sites in Ukrainian Roztochia: - Roztochia Nature Reserve (49.913734, 23.759444), - Yavorivskyi National Nature Park (49.974459, 23.820374), - location of Ukrainian Roztochia.
Fig. 2 in Seasonal Diet Differences Of The Common Toad Bufo Bufo (Linnaeus, 1758) In Ukrainian Roztochia (Western Ukraine)
Fig. 2. Seasonal composition of herpetobiotic invertebrate taxa in the forest research area of Ukrainian Roztochia.
Fig. 3 in How does diet influence the reproductive seasonality of tropical freshwater fish? A case study of a characin in a tropical mountain river
Fig. 3. Non-Metric Multi-Dimensional Scaling Ordination (NMDS) of monthly variations of the diet with respect to sex. Stress = 0.10. Filled symbols are the dry months.
Fig. 2 in How does diet influence the reproductive seasonality of tropical freshwater fish? A case study of a characin in a tropical mountain river
Fig. 2. Monthly variation of prey types-IRI values. Rainfall follows a bimodal seasonal pattern (shadow on background). The asterisks show the months in which reproduction occurs.
Fig. 1 in How does diet influence the reproductive seasonality of tropical freshwater fish? A case study of a characin in a tropical mountain river
Fig. 1. Ontogenetic and intersexual variation in the diet of Creagrutus guanes. Size classes correspond to standard length ranges: 3 = 21-30 mm; 4 = 31-40 mm; 5 = 41-50 mm; 6 = 51-60 mm; 7 = 61-70mm; 8 = 71-80mm.
Figure 3 in Seasonal and ontogenetic diet shift of two sympatric cyprinid fish species from the temperate Karamenderes River, Çanakkale, Turkey
Figure 3. Relationship between prey specific abundance and the frequency of occurrence of the food categories in B. oligolepis (upper) and S. cii (lower) diets based on Costello's method. Bac: Bacillariophyceae, Cya: Cyanophyceae, Fun: fungi, Chl: Chlorophyceae, Ins: Insecta, Zyg: Zygnomophyceae, Oli: Oligochaeta, 1: Byrophyta, 2: Bryozoa, 3: Xantophyceae, 4: Amphipoda, 5: zooplankton.
Figure 5 in Seasonal and ontogenetic diet shift of two sympatric cyprinid fish species from the temperate Karamenderes River, Çanakkale, Turkey
Figure 5. The relationships between fish total body length (TL), gut content weight (GCW), and fish body weight (W) in S. cii. The full circles indicate GCW and the empty circles indicate W.
Figure 4 in Seasonal and ontogenetic diet shift of two sympatric cyprinid fish species from the temperate Karamenderes River, Çanakkale, Turkey
Figure 4. Percent abundance (gray columns) and frequency (white columns) of B. oligolepis (upper) and S. cii (lower) gut contents.
Figure 2 in Seasonal changes in Tawny Owl (Strix aluco) diet in an oak forest in Eastern Ukraine
Figure 2. Proportion of prey groups in Tawny Owl pellets in different seasons. Note break of y axis between 10% and 50%. Abbreviations for seasons: WS – Winter–spring, ES – Early summer, LS – Late summer and early autumn, LA – Late autumn.
Figure 2 in Seasonal and ontogenetic diet shift of two sympatric cyprinid fish species from the temperate Karamenderes River, Çanakkale, Turkey
Figure 2. The relationships between the total lengths and the gut lengths of two species. Empty circles indicate Squalius cii and full circles indicate Barbus oligolepis.
Figure 3 in Seasonal pattern of population dynamics, spawning activities, and diet composition of sardine (Sardina pilchardus Walbaum) in the eastern Adriatic Sea
Figure 3. Alternations of the mean monthly gonadosomatic index (GSI) and values of gonad masses (Wg, g) in sardines collected by commercial purse seiners during 2013 (February–November 2013) on Croatian fishing grounds.
Fig. 6 in Gape size influences seasonal patterns of piscivore diets in three Neotropical rivers
Fig. 6. Frequency histogram of the largest (SL) 5% of individuals collected each month in seine hauls. Larger individuals became increasingly rare from November to April as water levels fall. Arrows indicate the median size for each month.
Fig. 2 in Gape size influences seasonal patterns of piscivore diets in three Neotropical rivers
Fig. 2. Photographs of representative individuals of the focal species in this study (not preserved). From top: a) Boulengerella cuvieri (SL= 320 mm), b) Boulengerella lucius (SL= 420 mm), c) Cichla temensis (SL= 360 mm), d) Cichla orinocensis (SL= 305 mm).
Fig. 5 in Gape size influences seasonal patterns of piscivore diets in three Neotropical rivers
Fig. 5. Prey/predator body length ratios for four predator species. Relationships are presented from falling water (October) to rising water (May) period. Significant relationships are represented by a solid line and non-significant relationships with dotted lines. Number of stomach contents examined during the study period: Ventuari: C. temensis = 408, C. orinocensis = 698; Cinaruco: C. temensis = 1365, C. orinocensis = 755, B. cuvieri = 292, B. lucius = 411; La Guardia: C. temensis = 444, C. orinocensis = 228, B. cuvieri = 93, B. lucius = 67.
Fig. 1 in Gape size influences seasonal patterns of piscivore diets in three Neotropical rivers
Fig. 1. Map of Venezuela showing the locations of the three tributaries of the Orinoco River considered in this study: La Guardia, Cinaruco, and Ventuari Rivers.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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