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579 results for “disease impacts”
Exploring the Impact of Physiotherapy on Health Outcomes in Elderly Patients with Chronic Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
<p>In this cross-sectional analysis, we investigate the transformative impact of physiotherapy on health outcomes among elderly patients grappling with chronic diseases. Physiotherapy emerges as a pivotal intervention, offering multifaceted benefits that extend beyond mere symptom management. Through tailored exercises, mobility enhancements, and targeted pain management strategies, physiotherapy not only mitigates physical limitations but also fosters greater independence and quality of life. By examining a diverse cohort of elderly individuals diagnosed with chronic conditions such as osteoarthritis and cardiovascular diseases, this study underscores the profound role of physiotherapy in promoting functional mobility, reducing healthcare burdens, and enhancing overall well-being among this vulnerable population."</p>
Characterizing and explaining impact of disease-associated mutations in proteins without known structures or structural homologues
<p>AlphaFold and RoseTTAFold models of domains of disease associated human proteins without structures/known homologues.</p> <p>Tables containing the model quality, model region, sequence alignment statistics, matched FunFam, associated GO terms for the FunFam, ddG of mutation, pathogenicity of mutation, if mutation is near a predicted functional site (conserved residue/ligand binding site/protein-protein interface)</p>
Outdoor air pollution impacts chronic obstructive pulmonary disease deaths in South Asia and China: a systematic review and meta-analysis
<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is among leading causes of death globally. Exposure to outdoor pollution is an important cause for increased mortality and morbidity. This study presents a systemic review regarding the impact of outdoor pollution on COPD mortality in South Asia and China.</p> <p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted from 1990 to June 30<sup>th</sup> 2020 in English electronic databases: PubMed, Google Scholar and CDSR (Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews) following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The following terms were used: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary disease OR COPD OR Chronic Bronchitis OR Emphysema OR COPD Deaths OR Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease OR Airflow Obstruction OR Chronic Airflow Obstruction OR Airflow Obstruction, Chronic OR Bronchitis, Chronic AND Mortality OR Death OR Deceased AND Outdoor pollution, ambient pollution was conducted.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 1899 papers screened only 17 were found eligible to be included. Subjects with COPD exposed to higher levels of outdoor air pollution had a 49% higher risk of death as compared to COPD subjects exposed to lower levels of outdoor air pollution. When taking common air pollutants individually into consideration, PM10 had an odds ratio (OR) of 1.99 respectively at CI 95%, whereas SO2 had OR of 1.8 at 95% CI, and NO2 had an OR of 1.23 OR at 95% CI. These values suggest that there is an effect of outdoor pollution on COPD but not to a significant level.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite heterogeneity across selected studies, individuals exposed to outdoor pollutants were found to be at risk of COPD mortality. Though it appears to have risk, COPD mortality was not significantly associated with outdoor pollutants. Controlling air pollution can substantially decrease the risk of COPD in South Asia and China. Further researches including more prospective and longitudinal studies are urgently needed in COPD sub-groups.</p>
Data from: The impact of long-term azithromycin on antibiotic resistance in HIV-associated chronic lung disease
<p><b>Background</b>: Selection for resistance to azithromycin (AZM) and other antibiotics such as tetracyclines and lincosamides remains a concern with long-term AZM use for treatment of chronic lung diseases (CLD). We investigated the impact of 48 weeks of AZM on the carriage and antibiotic resistance of common respiratory bacteria among children with HIV-associated CLD.</p> <p><b>Methods</b>: Nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs and sputa were collected at baseline, 48 and 72 weeks from participants with HIV-associated CLD randomised to receive weekly AZM or placebo for 48 weeks and followed post-intervention until 72 weeks. The primary outcomes were prevalence and antibiotic resistance of <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> (SP), <i>Staphylococcus aureus </i>(SA), <i>Haemophilus influenzae </i>(HI), and <i>Moraxella catarrhalis </i>(MC) at these timepoints. Mixed-effects logistic regression and Fisher's exact test were used to compare carriage and resistance respectively.</p> <p><b>Results</b>: Of 347 (174 AZM, 173 placebo) participants (median age 15 years [IQR =13–18], females 49%),NP carriage was significantly lower in the AZM (n=159) compared to placebo (n=153) arm for SP (18% vs 41%, <i>p</i><0.001)<i>, </i>HI (7% vs 16%, p=0.01)<i>, </i>and MC (4% vs 11%, <i>p</i>=0.02); SP resistance to AZM (62% [18/29] vs 13%[8/63], <i>p</i><0.0001) or tetracycline (60%[18/29] vs 21%[13/63], <i>p</i><0.0001) were higher in the AZM arm. Carriage of SA resistant to AZM (91% [31/34] vs 3% [1/31],<i> p</i><0.0001), tetracycline (35% [12/34] vs 13% [4/31],<i> p</i>= 0.05) and clindamycin (79% [27/34] vs 3% [1/31],<i> p</i><0.0001) was also significantly higher in the AZM arm and persisted at 72 weeks. Similar findings were observed for sputa.</p> <p><b>Conclusions</b>: The persistence of antibiotic resistance and its clinical relevance for future infectious episodes requiring treatment needs further investigation.</p>
Impact of infectious diseases on wild bovidae populations in Thailand: Insights from population modelling and disease dynamics
<p>The wildlife and livestock interface is vital for wildlife conservation and habitat management. Infectious diseases maintained by domestic species may impact threatened species such as Asian bovids, as they share natural resources and habitats. To predict the population impact of infectious diseases with different traits, we used stochastic mathematical models to simulate the population dynamics over 100 years for 100 times a model gaur (<em>Bos gaurus</em>) population with and without disease. We simulated repeated introductions from a reservoir, such as domestic cattle. We selected six bovine infectious diseases; anthrax, bovine tuberculosis, hemorrhagic septicaemia, lumpy skin disease, foot and mouth disease and brucellosis, all of which have caused outbreaks in wildlife populations. From a starting population of 300, the disease-free population increased by an average of 228% over 100 years. Brucellosis with frequency-dependent transmission showed the highest average population declines (-97%), with population extinction occurring 16% of the time. Foot and mouth disease with frequency-dependent transmission showed the lowest impact, with an average population increase of 200%. Overall, acute infections with very high or low fatality had the lowest impact, whereas chronic infections produced the greatest population decline. These results may help disease management and surveillance strategies support wildlife conservation.</p>
Fig. 1 in Review on parasites of wild and captive giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca): Diversity, disease and conservation impact
Fig. 1. Distribution of wild giant pandas in six mountain regions (Qinling, Minshan, Qionglai, Liangshan, Daxiangling and Xiaoxiangling) in three Provinces (Gansu, Shaanxi, and Sichuan) of China. Adapted from Wang et al. (2018).
Study to Assess Safety and Impact of SelG1 With or Without Hydroxyurea Therapy in Sickle Cell Disease Patients With Pain Crises
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01895361. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 3. Publications: 3.
Data from: The impact of long-term azithromycin on antibiotic resistance in HIV-associated chronic lung disease
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Impact of infectious diseases on wild bovidae populations in Thailand: Insights from population modelling and disease dynamics
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Impact of Image Processing Settings for Radiomic Features in Alzheimer's Disease Using 18F-FDG and 11C-PIB PET Scans
<p>Radiomics is an established method for calculating features for computer-aided diagnosis and has been vastly applied to oncological studies. This study aimed to assess the impact of image processing in radiomic features in neuroimaging. Fifteen Alzheimer's disease subjects and 18 healthy individuals underwent [18F]-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) and 11C-labelled Pittsburgh Compound B (PIB) PET scans. T1-MRI scans were used for cerebellar and grey matter (GM), and white matter (WM) tissue delineation. PET images were registered to MRI (MR space) and transformed to MNI space. All images were normalized to cerebellar uptake (SUVR). All possible combinations of the following settings were considered to extract feature values: (1)tracer: FDG or PIB; (2)space: MR or MNI space; (3)discretization: fixed bin number (BN) of 64, fixed bin sizes (BS) of 0.05 or 0.25; and (4)volume of interest (VOI): GM, WM, or BRAIN (GM+WM). Features that correlated (>0.9) to traditional metrics (average VOI SUVR and volume) in any configuration were removed. Correlation of feature values between configurations, redundancy, and harmonization of feature values were tested. Image processing settings highly affect radiomic feature values and should be carefully taken into consideration during study design and should be properly reported.</p><p> </p><p>The enclosed datasets refer to the work developed at the University Medical Center Groningen and consists of extracted feature values used in the publication.</p>
Data and code for: Does increasing temperature accentuate disease impacts on fisheries species? A meta-analysis
<p>Rapid warming could drastically alter host-parasite relationships, which is especially important for fisheries crucial to human nutrition and economic livelihoods; yet we lack a synthetic understanding of how warming influences parasite-induced mortality in these systems. We conducted a meta-analysis using 301 effect sizes from 60 empirical papers on harvested aquatic species and determined the relationship between parasite-induced host mortality and temperature and how this relationship was altered by host, parasite and study design traits. Overall, temperature increased parasite-induced host mortality; however, the magnitude and sometimes direction of this relationship varied. Hosts from the order Salmoniformes experienced a greater increase in parasite-induced mortality with temperature than average. Opportunistic parasites were correlated with a greater increase in host mortality with temperature than average, while bacterial parasite-induced mortality was lower than average as temperature increased. Thus, parasites will generally increase host mortality as the environment warms; however, this effect will vary among systems.</p>
Both consumptive and non-consumptive effects of predators impact mosquito populations and have implications for disease transmission
<p class="Default">Predator-prey interactions influence prey traits through both consumptive and non-consumptive effects, and variation in these traits can shape vector-borne disease dynamics. Meta-analysis methods were employed to generate predation effect sizes by different categories of predators and mosquito prey. This analysis showed that multiple families of aquatic predators are effective in consumptively reducing mosquito survival, and that the survival of <i>Aedes</i>, <i>Anopheles</i>, and <i>Culex</i> mosquitoes is negatively impacted by consumptive effects of predators. Mosquito larval size was found to play a more important role in explaining the heterogeneity of consumptive effects from predators than mosquito genus. Mosquito survival and body size were reduced by non-consumptive effects of predators, but development time was not significantly impacted. In addition, <i>Culex</i> vectors demonstrated predator avoidance behavior during oviposition. The results of this meta-analysis suggest that predators limit disease transmission by reducing both vector survival and vector size, and that associations between drought and human West Nile virus cases could be driven by the vector behavior of predator avoidance during oviposition. These findings are likely to be useful to infectious disease modelers who rely on vector traits as predictors of transmission.</p>
The indirect impact of COVID-19 on major clinical outcomes of people with Parkinson's disease or atypical parkinsonism: a cohort study. Raw data
<p>Raw dataset of the study "The indirect impact of COVID-19 epidemic on major clinical outcomes of people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) or atypical parkinsonism: a cohort study"</p>
Impact of disease characteristics and knowledge on public risk perception of Zoonoses
<p>Zoonoses represent a global public health threat. Understanding lay perceptions of risk associated with these diseases can better inform proportionate policy interventions that mitigate their current and future impacts. While individual zoonoses (e.g. Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy) have received scientific and public attention, we know little about how multiple zoonotic diseases vary relative to each other in lay risk perceptions. To this end, we examined public perceptions of eleven zoonoses across twelve qualitative attributes of risk among the UK public (n = 727, volunteer sample), using an online survey. We found that attribute ratings were predominantly explained via two basic dimensions of risk related to public knowledge and dread. We also show that, despite participants reporting low familiarity with most of the diseases presented, zoonoses were perceived as essentially avoidable. These findings imply that infection is viewed as dependent upon actions under personal control which has significant implications for policy development.</p>
How extreme drought events , introduced species, and disease interact to impact influence threatened amphibian populations
<p>Long term dataset of amphibian breeding in the Bay Area of California. We used this 7-y dataset (2013–2019) on amphibian breeding activity that encompassed a recent extreme drought event to assess 1) how breeding activities of these taxa differed during and after drought conditions and 2) the additive and interactive relationships of drought, chytrid fungal infection (Bd), and invasive species with the presence and abundance of larval amphibians.</p> <p> </p>
Infection of mice by the enteroaggregative E. coli strain 042 and two mutant derivatives overexpressing virulence factors: impact on disease markers, gut microbiota and concentration of SCFAs in feces
<p>This dataset contains raw sequencing data from the microbiota analysis conducted in the enteroaggregative E. coli strain 042 study. The data includes FASTQ files generated from Illumina sequencing, along with metadata describing the sample collection and processing methods.</p>
Bridging the Chromosome-Centric and Biology and Disease Human Proteome Projects: Accessible and automated tools for interpreting biological and pathological impact of protein sequence variants detected via proteogenomics
<p>Bridging the Chromosome-Centric and Biology and Disease Human Proteome Projects: Accessible and automated tools for interpreting biological and pathological impact of protein sequence variants detected via proteogenomics</p>
Looking in the medicine cabinet: methods for using real-world data to assess the impact of measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) and recombinant adjuvanted varicella-zoster vaccines on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prevention and case fatality
<p>Supplementary File S1. 20210712_vx_off_target_pubdraft_S1 (Tables, Graphs and scripts associated with publication)</p> <p>Data file 1. Basic_Analysis.R (descriptive analysis script in R, for use with cleaned data files 3, 4 and 6)<br> Data file 2. Cleaning (Script demonstrating how Cerner data was cleaned upon download)<br> Data file 3. COVID_all_cleaned (CSV file with all COVID+ subjects in Cerner institutions)<br> Data file 4. COVID_mmr_data_cleaned (CSV file with COVID+ patients between 25-64 years old, including institution id, age category, gender, whether patient is in emergency department or inpatient, flu vaccine history, MMR vaccine history and mortality outcomes)<br> Data file 5. COVID_mmr_data_matched (CSV file matching MMR vaccine-exposed cases to controls based on propensity scores)<br> Data file 6. COVID_zoster_data_cleaned (CSV file with COVID+ patients above 50 years old, including institution id, age category, gender, whether patient is in emergency department or inpatient, flu vaccine history, zoster vaccine history and mortality outcomes)<br> Data file 7. COVID_zoster_data_matched (CSV file matching zoster vaccine-exposed cases to controls based on propensity scores)<br> Data file 8. General_25_64_data_cleaned (CSV file, all patients in Cerner institutions between 25 – 64 years old, including institution id, age category, gender, whether patient is in emergency department or inpatient, flu vaccine history, MMR vaccine history, SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 mortality outcomes ).<br> Data file 9. General_over50_data_cleaned (CSV file, all patients in Cerner institutions above 50 years old, including institution id, age category, gender, whether patient is in emergency department or inpatient, flu vaccine history, zoster vaccine history, SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 mortality outcomes).<br> Data file 10. Included_tenants (CSV file, institution IDs whose contributed cases comprise at least 0.5% of the aggregate sample size).<br> Data file 11. MMR_ps (R script to run for MMR-related files analysis)<br> Data file 12. Zoster_ps (R script to run for zoster-related files analysis)</p>
Data for: Sex-biased infections scale to population impacts for an emerging wildlife disease
<p>Demographic factors are fundamental in shaping infectious disease dynamics. Aspects of populations that create structure, like age and sex, can affect patterns of transmission, infection intensity and population outcomes. However, studies rarely link these processes from individual to population-scale effects. Moreover, the mechanisms underlying demographic differences in disease are frequently unclear. Here, we explore sex-biased infections for a multi-host fungal disease of bats, white-nose syndrome, and link disease-associated mortality between sexes, the distortion of sex ratios, and the potential mechanisms underlying sex differences in infection. We collected data on host traits, infection intensity, and survival of five bat species at 42 sites across seven years. We found females were more infected than males for all five species. Females also had lower apparent survival over winter and accounted for a smaller proportion of populations over time. Notably, female-biased infections were evident by early hibernation and likely driven by sex-based differences in autumn mating behavior. Male bats were more active during autumn which likely reduced replication of the cool-growing fungus. Higher disease impacts in female bats may have cascading effects on bat populations beyond the hibernation season by limiting recruitment and increasing the risk of Allee effects.</p>
Impacts of fungal disease on dyadic social interactions in a wild agamid lizard
<p><span>Emerging infectious fungal diseases are responsible for the extinction of myriad species across a range of phyla. As recently shown by the COVID-19 pandemic, social transmission can be key to disease spread, and in this context, humans are not alone in trying to be alone. In group-living species, individuals have been shown to use social behaviour to avoid infection; diseased individuals can isolate from the group, or healthy animals can avoid diseased conspecifics. However, to date, little is known about social behaviour as a mechanism to avoid fungal infection. In this study, we investigate the extent to which wild urban eastern water dragons (<em>Intellagama lesueurii</em>), a gregarious reptile, modify their social behaviour as a response to infection with a recently emerged infectious fungal disease, caused by the pathogen <em>Nannizziopsis barbatae</em>. Using individual data from a long-term study population inhabiting Roma Street Parkland in Brisbane's Central Business District (QLD, Australia) and focal sampling, we test whether dragons exhibit self-isolation and social distancing behaviours in the context of dyadic social approach events. Statistical analyses of data collected </span><span>from 633 observations of 123 unique individuals (78 non-diseased, 45 diseased) during 2020 – 2021 suggested that while the presence of the fungal disease had no effect on individuals' social behaviour, the severity of the fungal disease did significantly affect individuals' social behaviour. Specifically, we found that (i) diseased individuals were no less social than their non-diseased conspecifics, (ii) </span><span>non-diseased individuals did not avoid or spend less time with diseased conspecifics,</span><span> and (iii) models considering the severity of skin lesions caused by <em>Nannizziopsis barbatae, </em>instead of their presence or absence, suggested that individuals avoided more severely diseased conspecifics regardless of their own disease status</span><span>. </span><span> <span>These findings warrant further investigation, given the evidence that many species have displayed behavioural adaptations to disease, and the increasing risk posed by emerging infectious fungal diseases.</span></span></p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.