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17 results for “distance decay”
Data from: "Distance decay effects predominantly shape spider but not carabid community composition in crop fields in north-western Europe"
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Distance decay 2.0 – a global synthesis of taxonomic and functional decay in ecological communities
<p>Datasets used in the analysis of the manuscript by Graco-Roza, C., Aarnio, S., Abrego, N., Acosta, A. T., Alahuhta, J., Altman, J., ... & Soininen, J. (2022). Distance decay 2.0–a global synthesis of taxonomic and functional turnover in ecological communities.<em> Global Ecology and Biogeography.</em></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>raw_data.zip - </strong>Includes the raw datasets used in the analysis. </p> <p><strong>processed_data.xlsx - </strong>Includes the results from the distance decay analysis, specifically: </p> <p>- Dataset : dataset code (same as in raw_data)</p> <p>- Beta_type: The component of beta diversity (i.e., total similarity, replacement, richness differences)</p> <p>- Level : Taxonomic (TAX) or functional (FUN)</p> <p>- Based: Occurrence (occ) or Abundance (abund)</p> <p>- Organism: Code used to describe organisms (see Appendix S1 of the paper)</p> <p>- Realm: Aquatic, Terrestrial, or Freshwaters</p> <p>- Body_size </p> <p>- Dispersal_mode: Seeds, Passive or Active</p> <p>- Latitude: Mean latitude of the dataset (average of all data points)</p> <p>- Latitude_range Distance in kilometres between the two vertically most distant points.</p> <p>- Longitude_range: Distance in kilometres between the two horizontally most distant points.</p> <p>- spa_min: minimum distance between sites (in kilometres) </p> <p>- spa_mean: average distance between sites (in kilometres) </p> <p>- spa_max: maximum distance between sites (in kilometres)</p> <p>- ext: area in kilometres covered by all sites in the dataset</p> <p>- n_sites: Number of sites in each dataset</p> <p>- n_var: Number of environmental variables in each dataset</p> <p>- gamma_spe: Number of species observed in each dataset</p> <p>- gamma_trait: Volume of the hypervolume constructed using the traits in each dataset</p> <p>- n_traits: Number of traits in each dataset</p> <p>- Intercept_spa: Intercept of GLM including community similarity and spatial distances</p> <p>- Slope_Spa: Slope of GLM including community similarity and spatial distances</p> <p>- R2_spa: R² of GLM including community similarity and spatial distances</p> <p>- Intercept_env: Intercept of GLM including community similarity and environmental distances</p> <p>- Slope_env: Slope of GLM including community similarity and environmental distances</p> <p>- R2_env: R² of GLM including community similarity and environmental distances</p> <p>- Mantel_spa: Mantel statistics of community similarity and spatial distances</p> <p>- spa_signif: Significance of Mantel statistics considering community similarity and spatial distances</p> <p>- Mantel_env: Mantel statistics considering community similarity and environmental distances</p> <p>- env_signif: Significance of Mantel statistics considering community similarity and environmental distances</p> <p><strong>Null_models.zip - </strong>Includes the results from the null models for each dataset.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
What drives study-dependent differences in distance-decay relationships of microbial communities?
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Data from: Similarity in mycorrhizal communities associating with two widespread terrestrial orchids decays with distance
Aim: Interactions with mycorrhizal fungi are increasingly recognized as an important factor underlying the distribution and abundance of orchid species. However, the geographic distribution of orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF) and how their communities vary over large geographical areas are less well understood. Because climatic and environmental similarity may decrease with geographical distance or because some OMF have limited dispersal capabilities, similarities in orchid mycorrhizal communities can be expected to decrease with increasing distances separating orchid populations. However, up till now empirical evidence is largely lacking. Location: Eurasia Taxa: Gymnadenia conopsea (L.) R. Brown and Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz Methods: High-throughput sequencing was used to perform a cross-continental comparison of OMF that associate with two widespread Eurasian terrestrial orchids, Epipactis helleborine and Gymnadenia conopsea. Both phylogenetic and non-phylogenetic measures of community dissimilarity and their components were calculated and related to geographic distances using Mantel tests. Results: Our results showed that in both orchid species similarity in mycorrhizal communities decreased significantly with geographical distance. Decomposing the contribution of spatial turnover and nestedness to overall dissimilarity showed that the observed dissimilarity was mainly the result of species replacement between regions, and not of species loss. Similarly, a strong relationship was observed between phylogenetic community dissimilarity and geographic distance. Decomposing PCD values into a nonphylogenetic and phylogenetic component showed that orchid populations located closely next to each other were likely to contain the same OTUs, but that the non-shared taxa came from different phylogenetic clades. Species indicator analyses showed that the majority of OMF OTUs were restricted to particular geographic areas. However, some OTUs occurred in both continents, indicating that some fungi have very wide distributions. Main conclusions: Overall, these results demonstrate that orchid mycorrhizal communities differ substantially across large geographic areas, but that the distribution of orchids is not necessarily restricted by the distribution of particular OMF. Hence, widespread orchid species can be considered mycorrhizal generalists that are flexible in the OMF with which they associate across large geographic areas.
Data from: Distance-decay differs among vertical strata in a tropical rainforest
1. Assemblage similarity decays with geographic distance—a pattern known as the distance-decay relationship. While this pattern has been investigated for a wide range of organisms, ecosystems, and geographical gradients, whether these changes vary more cryptically across different forest strata (from ground to canopy) remains elusive. 2. Here, we investigated the influence of ground vs arboreal assemblages to the general distance-decay relationship observed in forests. We seek to explain differences in distance-decay relationships between strata in the context of the vertical stratification of assemblage composition, richness, and abundance. 3. We surveyed for a climate sensitive model organism, amphibians, across vertical rainforest strata in Madagascar. For each tree, we defined assemblages of ground-dwelling, understory, or canopy species. We calculated horizontal distance-decay in similarity across all trees, and across assemblages of species found in different forest strata (ground, understory, and canopy). 4. We demonstrate that within stratum comparisons exhibit a classic distance-decay relationship for canopy and understory communities but no distance-decay relationships for ground communities. We suggest that differences in horizontal turnover between strata may be due to local scale habitat and resource heterogeneity in the canopy, or the influence of arboreal traits on species dispersal and distribution. 5. Synthesis: Biodiversity patterns in horizontal space were not consistent across vertical space, suggesting that canopy fauna may not play by the same set of 'rules' as their conspecifics living below them on the ground. Our study provides compelling evidence that the above-ground amphibian assemblage of tropical rainforests is the primary driver of the classical distance-decay relationship.
Data from: Gauging scale effects and biogeographical signals in similarity distance decay analyses: an Early Jurassic ammonite case study
In biogeography, the similarity distance decay (SDD) relationship refers to the decrease in compositional similarity between communities with geographical distance. Although representing one of the most widely used relationships in biogeography, a review of the literature reveals that: (1) SDD is influenced by both spatial extent and sample size; (2) the potential effect of the phylogenetic level has yet to be tested; (3) the effect of a marked biogeographical structuring upon SDD patterns is largely unknown; and (4) the SDD relationship is usually explored with modern, mainly terrestrial organisms, whereas fossil taxa are seldom used in that perspective. Using this relationship, we explore the long-distance dispersal of the Early Jurassic (early Pliensbachian, c. 190.8 Ma to 187.6 Ma) ammonites of the western Tethys and adjacent areas, in a context of marked provincialism. We show that the long-distance dispersal of these ammonites is not related to shell size and shape, but rather to the environmental characteristics of the province to which they belong. This suggests that their long-distance dispersal may have been essentially driven by passive planktonic drift during early juvenile, post-hatching stages. Furthermore, it seems that the SDD relationship is not always an appropriate method to characterize the existence of a biogeographical structuring. We conducted SDD analyses at various spatial, sampling and phylogenetic scales in order to evaluate their sensitivity to scale effects. This multi-scale approach indicates that the sampling scale may influence SDD rates in an unpredictable way and that the phylogenetic level has a major impact on SDD patterns.
Data from: Untangling phylogenetical, geometrical and ornamental imprints on Early Triassic ammonoid biogeography: a similarity-distance decay study.
Ammonoids are diverse and widespread fossil shelly cephalopods that flourished in the world ocean during more than 300 million years before their total extinction, 65 million years ago. In spite of two centuries of intensive scientific studies, their mode(s) of life, and most particularly long-distance dispersal abilities remain poorly known. Here we address this question by looking at the latitudinal distribution of Early Triassic (~250 Myr) ammonoids through similarity-distance decay analyses. We examine and compare how rates of similarity-distance decay differ between various systematic, shell geometry and ornamentation groups, during the same ~3.5 myr Early Triassic time interval, in order to untangle phylogenetical, geometrical and ornamental imprints on the observed biogeographical pattern. Our data do not support any phylogenetical and shell ornamentation control on the similarity-distance decay, but rather evidence a significant effect of (sub-)adult shell geometry: most evolute morphs tend to have been more endemic than most involute ones. This result contrasts with the classical hypothesis that long-distance ammonoid dispersal mainly occurred during the earliest planktonic young stages, and thus that (sub-)adult morphological characteristics should not constrain large-scale biogeographical patterns of ammonoids. While a direct control by Sea Surface Temperature can be discarded, this result may indicate that at least some adult Triassic ammonoid morphs were good active swimmers able to achieve long-distance migrations, as observed for some present-day coleoid cephalopods.
Data from: Distance-decay differs among vertical strata in a tropical rainforest
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Data from: Untangling phylogenetical, geometrical and ornamental imprints on Early Triassic ammonoid biogeography: a similarity-distance decay study.
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Data from: Similarity in mycorrhizal communities associating with two widespread terrestrial orchids decays with distance
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Data from: Species-area curve and distance-decay relationship indicate habitat thresholds of ectomycorrhizal fungi in an old-growth Pseudotsuga menziesii landscape
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Data from: Patterns of parasite community dissimilarity: the significant role of land use and lack of distance-decay in a bat—helminth system
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Data from: Gauging scale effects and biogeographical signals in similarity distance decay analyses: an Early Jurassic ammonite case study
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Data from: Agri-environmental schemes promote ground-dwelling predators in adjacent oilseed rape fields: diversity, species traits and distance-decay functions
1. Rising demands for agricultural products and high environmental costs of intensive agriculture reinforce the need for ecological replacements in agricultural management. In Europe, agri-environmental schemes (AES) are implemented to enhance species richness and provision of ecosystem services, but the effectiveness of different AES types and the spatial extent of possible beneficial effects are little understood. In this study we assessed the effects of different AES types on diversity, species traits and distance-decay functions of ground- dwelling predators in adjacent crop fields. 2. On 31 study sites with winter oilseed rape (OSR) adjacent to four types of AES differing in management intensity and habitat age we recorded ground-dwelling predators (carabid beetles, staphylinid beetles and spiders) during OSR growth from April to July. Effects of the AES on species richness, activity densities and different traits of these taxa were examined with transects of pitfall traps running along a continuous distance gradient from the AES across the habitat border into the OSR fields. 3. Ground-dwelling predator communities benefitted similarly from the different AES types. In adjacent OSR, activity densities, carabid species richness and the proportion of predatory carabid beetles declined from the field edge while mean body size increased. Adjacent AES increased the proportion of predatory species and simultaneously decreased the proportion of granivorous or frugivorous species in adjacent OSR fields. 4. Synthesis and applications. Our results indicate a beneficial effect of adjacent agri-environmental schemes (AES) on ground-dwelling predators in oilseed rape (OSR), mostly irrespective of AES type and therefore management intensity and habitat age. The short-ranged distance decay effects on natural enemies in OSR underpin that a strategic spatial placement of AES in agricultural landscapes is required to maximise biological pest control. This could help replace anthropogenic input in modern agriculture and secure adequate yields.
Data from: Agri-environmental schemes promote ground-dwelling predators in adjacent oilseed rape fields: diversity, species traits and distance-decay functions
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Disruption of nonsense-mediated decay by the multifunctional long-distance movement protein of Pea enation mosaic virus 2
GEO Series GSE137256. Nicotiana benthamiana. 12 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Distance decay relationships in foliar fungal endophytes are driven by rare taxa
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