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19 results for “disturbance factor”
Zooplankton recovery from a whole‐lake disturbance: Examining roles of abiotic factors, biotic interactions, and traits
<p>Community assembly following disturbance is a key process in determining the composition and function of the future community. However, replicated studies of community assembly at whole ecosystem scales are rare. Here, we describe a series of whole-lake experiments in which the recovery of zooplankton communities was tracked following an ecosystem-scale disturbance, i.e., application of the piscicide, rotenone. Using a BACI design, fourteen lakes in eastern Washington were studied: seven lakes were treated with rotenone, while seven lakes acted as reference systems. Each lake was monitored up to six months before and one to two years after the rotenone treatments. Zooplankton samples and environmental measurements were collected approximately monthly from each lake. Community responses following disturbance were assessed using metrics of abundance, diversity, and community composition, as well as taxonomic group abundance. Zooplankton recovery was also assessed using species traits related to habitat, feeding mode, trophic level, body size, and life history. In addition to patterns of recovery, potential mechanisms were explored relating to abiotic conditions, biotic interactions, and traits. There were steep declines in the abundance (average across years: 99%) and diversity (average across years: 75%) of the zooplankton community following rotenone treatment. Although abundance had recovered by the second year of the study, community diversity had not fully recovered after two years. Communities from rotenone lakes appeared to be compositionally recovered within about eight months following disturbance. Cyclopoid copepods were typically the first group to recover, and remained dominant for a few months, whereas cladocerans recovered more slowly, typically within ~6-7 months following rotenone. Calanoid copepods were not fully recovered two years after rotenone treatment. Traits related to body size and feeding mode were associated with the zooplankton communities following rotenone treatment. We failed to observe significant spatial synchrony in recovery patterns of zooplankton across lakes, though we did observe significant synchrony of zooplankton taxonomic groups within lakes. These findings suggest that traits related to ecological function, and to a lesser extent, biotic and abiotic factors, as well as characteristics of the disturbance itself, may be important in helping to understand recovery processes. </p>
Zooplankton recovery from a whole‐lake disturbance: Examining roles of abiotic factors, biotic interactions, and traits
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Secrets of the night: roost sites and sleep disturbance factors during the autumn migration of first-year white stork Ciconia ciconia
<p>The migration phase of birds is divided into two main states: stopovers and actual migratory flights. For soaring birds, such as storks, nighttime is especially important to conserve energy and to start the next day in favourable weather conditions. Although there is a large number of recent studies on white stork Ciconia ciconia, for example using advanced technologies such as GPS technology, the nocturnal behaviour of the species is still an enigma. Thus, we GSM-GPS-tagged 90 immature storks and checked their nocturnal behaviour, especially roost disturbance, during their first autumn migration from breeding grounds in southern Poland to wintering places in Africa. Storks roosted on three types of site: on buildings, on the ground, or in trees. Birds that roosted on the ground had a higher probability of nighttime disturbance than those that used trees or buildings. The probability of disturbance at night was also related to longitude and latitude; the most easterly birds and those at the start of the migration route were disturbed more often during the night. Furthermore, and interestingly, environmental conditions at roosts were also significantly related to the probability of disturbance; birds roosting at tree sites with higher NDVI (greener) and with higher levels of artificial light both had a lower probability of disturbance. A possible explanation of this could be related to lower potential predatory pressure at night. We found that after long flights birds were disturbed more often at night, and that disturbed birds migrated further the next day. For a better understanding of the nocturnal behaviour of storks, as well as of other migratory birds, the use of modern technological tools with greater precision is recommended.</p>
Disturbing the spatial structure of biofilms affects the expression of agr regulated virulence factors in Staphylococcus aureus
<p><em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> uses quorum sensing and nutrient availability to control the expression of <em>agr</em>-regulated virulence factors. Quorum sensing is mediated by autoinducing peptide (AIP), which at high concentration, reduces expression of surface attachment proteins (<em>coa</em>, <em>fnbpA</em>), and increases expression of exotoxins (<em>lukS</em>) and proteases (<em>splA</em>). Nutrient availability can be sensed through the <em>saeS</em>/<em>saeR</em> system. Low nutrients increase expression of <em>saeR</em>, which augments expression of <em>coa</em> and <em>fnbpA</em> distinct from AIP. The formation of spatial structure, such as biofilms, can alter quorum sensing and nutrient acquisition. In natural environments, biofilms encounter forces that may alter their spatial structure. This may impact quorum sensing and/or nutrient acquisition, and thus affect the expression of <em>agr</em>-regulated virulence factors. However, this has not been studied. We show that periodically disturbing biofilms composed of <em>S. aureus</em> using a physical force affects the expression of <em>agr</em>-regulated virulence factors. In nutrient-poor environments, disturbance increased the expression of <em>coa</em>, <em>fnbpA</em>, <em>lukS</em>, and <em>splA</em>. Disturbance into a nutrient-rich environment at low or high disturbance amplitudes moderately reduced expression of <em>coa</em> and <em>fnbpA</em> but increased expression of <em>lukS</em> and <em>splA</em>. Interestingly, at an intermediate amplitude, the overall expression of <em>agr-</em>regulated virulence factors was the lowest; expression of <em>lukS</em> and <em>splA</em> remained unchanged relative to an undisturbed biofilm while expression of <em>coa</em> and <em>fnbpA</em> significantly decreased. We hypothesize that these changes are a result of disturbance-driven changes in access to AIP and nutrients. Our results may allow the identification of environments where virulence is enhanced, or reduced, owing to disturbance.</p>
Secrets of the night: roost sites and sleep disturbance factors during the autumn migration of first-year white stork Ciconia ciconia
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Disturbing the spatial structure of biofilms affects the expression of agr regulated virulence factors in Staphylococcus aureus
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Periodically disturbing biofilms reduces expression of quorum sensing regulated virulence factors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
<p>The opportunistic pathogen <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> uses quorum sensing to control the expression of multiple virulence factors. In this dataset, we provide raw data demonstrating that periodically disturbing biofilms composed of <em>P. aeruginosa</em> using a physical force reduces the expression of multiple quorum sensing regulated virulence factors from the three major regulons. This dataset also contains cell density measurements of bacteria both the in biofilm and planktonic state under a variety of conditions that use physical force to manipulate the spatial positioning of bacteria. Finally, the data set contains raw outputs from a network logic model that described the core quorum sensing network. This data is affiliated with the manuscript entitled "Periodically disturbing biofilms reduces expression of quorum sensing regulated virulence factors in <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>."</p>
Periodically disturbing biofilms reduces expression of quorum sensing regulated virulence factors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Data from: Quantifying the factors affecting leaf litter decomposition across a tropical forest disturbance gradient
Deforestation and forest degradation are driving unprecedented declines in biodiversity across the tropics, and understanding the consequences of these changes for ecosystem functioning is essential for human well-being. Forest degradation and loss alter ecosystem functioning through changes in species composition and abiotic conditions. However, the consequences of these changes for heterospecific processes are often poorly understood. Leaf litter decomposition is a major source of atmospheric carbon and critical for carbon and nutrient cycling. Through a highly replicated litter-bag experiment (3360 bags), we quantified the effects of litter quality, decomposer functional diversity and seasonal precipitation regime on litter decomposition along a tropical disturbance gradient in SW China. In addition, using soil and litter from sites selected from across the disturbance gradient, we established replicated litter-bed treatments and exposed these to a gradient of simulated canopy cover in a shade-house. Across the landscape, mass loss from litter-bags after 12 months varied from 7% to 98%. Even after 12 months, litter-bags installed at the beginning of the dry season had much lower mass loss than those installed at the beginning of the wet season. As expected, litter quality and faunal exclusion had substantial effects on decomposition rates. Decomposition rates declined along the disturbance gradient from mature forest, through regenerating forest to open land, although the effect size was strongly dependent on installation season. The effect of excluding meso- and macro-invertebrates increased with increasing forest degradation, whereas the effect of litter quality declined. Results from the shade-house experiment strongly suggested that forest degradation effects were driven predominantly by changes in micro-climatic conditions resulting from increased canopy openness. To better model the impacts of anthropogenic global change on litter decomposition rates, it will be important to consider landscape scale processes, such as forest degradation.
Data from: Quantifying the factors affecting leaf litter decomposition across a tropical forest disturbance gradient
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Splice Factor Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (Ptbp1) Primes Endothelial Inflammation in Atherogenic Disturbed Flow Conditions
GEO Series GSE206851. Mus musculus. 14 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
The role of TERF2IP (Telomeric repeat binding factor 2-interacting protein) in regulating disturbed flow-induced changes of gene expression
GEO Series GSE119407. Homo sapiens. 12 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
Splice Factor Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (Ptbp1) Primes Endothelial Inflammation in Atherogenic Disturbed Flow Conditions [Ptbp1]
GEO Series GSE206849. Mus musculus. 8 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Splice Factor Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (Ptbp1) Primes Endothelial Inflammation in Atherogenic Disturbed Flow Conditions [CRISPR]
GEO Series GSE206850. Mus musculus. 6 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Sleep Disturbances as a Non-Traditional Risk Factor in Chronic Kidney Disease- University of Illinois
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00817492. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Sleep Disturbances as a Risk Factor in Chronic Kidney Disease
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00817427. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Sleep Disturbances as a Non-traditional Risk Factor in CKD-Actigraphy
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00817674. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Disturbance as a factor in the homogenization of ant communities in tropical suburban meadows
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Disturbing Factors in the Operating Room
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03163537. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 0. Publications: 0.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.