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21 results for “disturbance regimes”
Diversity loss from multiple interacting disturbances is regime-dependent
<p>Data and R code for 'Diversity loss from multiple interacting disturbances is regime-dependent'.</p> <p>Information about the files can be found in the ._README.txt file.</p>
Yukon River Basin Fire and Permafrost Study: Elevation of soil surface and permafrost table along transects with different fire disturbance regimes (2009-2012)
Two 100 - 200 m transects were established on hilly loess deposits in the Yukon Flats near Boot Lake to monitor annual changes in the permafrost table and thaw settlement under different fire disturbance regimes. One was located in an area that burned around 1925; the other transect was located in a 2009 burn. Both transects were partially affected by a fire in 1967. This dataset includes the elevations of the ground surface, permafrost surface, water table, and surface organic thickness measurements. Note that there was compaction of the organic layer due to human disturbance along the portion of the transect that burned in only 1925. These transects are associated with the burned and unburned silty upland sites detailed in related datasets.
Data and analysis code for Repo et al., "Contrasting forest management strategies: impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services under changing climate and disturbance regimes"
<p>This repository contains analysis code and pre-processed data for the study "Contrasting forest management strategies: impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services under changing climate and disturbance regimes" by Repo et al.<br>Data processing and analysis mainly done by Aapo Jantunen, Katharina Albrich<br>Due to respository space limitations, the original model outputs are archived in the Finnish "Allas" data storage service. For access, contact katharina.albrich@luke.fi<br>The code used to process the raw data is included here for reproducibility.</p> <p>If you are interested in using iLand, visit https://iland-model.org/ and https://iland-model.org/iland-book/ for information on using the model and a guide to setting up a landscape.</p> <p><span>This work was supported by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry by funding project Future multifunctional forests and their disturbance risk in the changing climate (Foster) through the “Catch the Carbon” initiative (<span>project number VN/28654/2020)</span>. A.R. has been supported by the grant [TRACY Trade-offs and synergies in land-based climate change mitigation and biodiversity conservation decision 322066 by the Academy of Finland.], J. H by the grant [CASCADE - Changing Disturbance Regimes and Forest Landscapes of Fennoscandia 342569 by the Academy of Finland]. </span></p> <p> </p>
Meta-analysis shows forest soil CO2 effluxes are dependent on the disturbance regime and biome type
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>F</span><span>orest </span><span>s</span><span>oil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux (F</span><span>CO<sub>2</sub></span><span>)</span><span> is a crucial process in global carbon cycling; however, how F</span><span>CO<sub>2</sub></span><span> responds to disturbance regimes in different forest biomes is poorly understood. </span><span>W</span><span>e quantif</span><span>ied</span><span> the effects of disturbance regimes on F</span><span>CO<sub>2</sub></span><span> </span><span>across boreal, temperate, tropical, and</span><span> Mediterranean</span><span> forests</span><span> based on 1240 observations from 380 studies. Globally, climatic perturbations such as elevated CO<sub>2</sub> concentration, warming, and increased precipitation increase F</span><span>CO<sub>2</sub></span><span> </span><span>by 13 to 25%. F</span><span>CO<sub>2</sub></span><span> is increased by forest conversion to grassland and elevated carbon input by forest management practices but reduced by decreased carbon input, fire, and acid rain. Disturbance also changes soil temperature and water content, which in turn affect the direction and magnitude of disturbance influences on F</span><span>CO<sub>2</sub></span><span>. F</span><span>CO<sub>2</sub></span><span> is disturbance- and biome-type dependent, and such effects should be incorporated into earth system models to improve the projection of the feedback between the terrestrial C cycle and climate change.</span></p>
Meta-analysis shows forest soil CO2 effluxes are dependent on the disturbance regime and biome type
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Data from: Beyond resilience: Responses to changing climate and disturbance regimes in temperate forest landscapes across the Northern Hemisphere
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Data from: Long-term climate and hydrologic regimes shape stream invertebrate community responses to a hurricane disturbance
<p>Disturbances can produce a spectrum of short- and long-term ecological consequences that depend on complex interactions of the characteristics of the event, antecedent environmental conditions, and the intrinsic properties of resistance and resilience of the affected biological system. We used Hurricane Harvey's impact on coastal rivers of Texas to examine the roles of storm-related changes in hydrology and long-term precipitation regime on the response of stream invertebrate communities to hurricane disturbance. We detected declines in richness, diversity, and total abundance following the storm, but responses were strongly tied to direct and indirect effects of long-term aridity and short-term changes in stream hydrology. The amount of rainfall a site received drove both flood duration and flood magnitude across sites, but lower annual rainfall amounts (i.e., aridity) increased flood magnitude and decreased flood duration. Across all sites, flood duration was positively related to the time it took for invertebrate communities to return to a long-term baseline and flood magnitude drove larger invertebrate community responses (i.e., changes in diversity and total abundance). However, invertebrate response per unit flood magnitude was lower in sub-humid sites, potentially because of differences in refuge availability or ecological-evolutionary interactions. Interestingly, sub-humid streams had temporary large peaks in invertebrate total abundance and diversity following recovery period that may be indicative of the larger organic matter pulses expected in these systems because of their comparatively well-developed riparian vegetation. Our findings show that hydrology and long-term precipitation regime predictably affected invertebrate community responses and, thus, our work underscores the important influence of local climate to ecosystem sensitivity to disturbances.</p>
Data from: Long-term climate and hydrologic regimes shape stream invertebrate community responses to a hurricane disturbance
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Data from: Disruption of natural disturbance regime decouples habitat and life stage in a keystone species
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Maintaining historic disturbance regimes increases species' resilience to catastrophic hurricanes
<p>As habitat loss and fragmentation, urbanization, and global climate change accelerate, conservation of rare ecosystems increasingly relies on human intervention. However, any conservation strategy is vulnerable to unpredictable, catastrophic events. Whether active management increases or decreases a system's resilience to these events remains unknown. Following Hurricane Irma's landfall in our habitat restoration study sites, we found that rare ecosystems with active, human-imposed management suffered less damage in a hurricane's path than unmanaged systems. At the center of Irma's landfall, we found Croton linearis' (a locally rare plant that is the sole host for two endangered butterfly species) survival and population growth rates in the year of the hurricane were higher in previously managed plots than in un-managed controls. In the periphery of Irma's circulation, the effect of prior management was stronger than that of the hurricane. Maintaining the historical disturbance regime thus increased the resilience of the population to major hurricane disturbance. As climate change increases the probability and intensity of severe hurricanes, human management of disturbance-adapted landscapes will become increasingly important for maintaining populations of threatened species in a storm's path. Doing nothing will accelerate extinction.</p>
Southern Brazilian grassland diversity: anti-disturbance regimes are not ideal and grazing maintains plant diversity
<p><strong>"Teste_Rhill"</strong> - This dataset is the general spreadsheet of grassland species abundance obtained using the Londo scale. The data have been compartmentalized according to the analysis focus into tabs by region (HG and PG) or sites (ACE, ALE, ARA, LAV, TAI, TAV, VAC). The treatments are defined as CONV (CG - Continuous grazing), CONS (DG - Deferred grazing), and EXCL (GE - Grazing exclusion).</p> <p><strong>"dados2"</strong> - General dataset used.</p> <p>The remaining files are RStudio or RMarkdown analyses, as already specified in their own scripts.</p>
The beautiful and the dammed: defining multi-stressor disturbance regimes in an Atlantic river floodplain wetland
<p>Natural hydrological fluctuations within river floodplains generate habitat diversity through variable connections between habitat patches and the main river channel. Human modification of floodplains can alter the magnitude and frequency of large floods and associated sediment movement by interrupting these floodplain connections. The lower Wolastoq | Saint John River and its associated floodplain wetlands are experiencing anthropogenic disturbances arising from climate change, increased urbanization in the watershed, changing upstream agricultural landscape practices, and, most notably, major road and dam construction. By comparing digitized aerial images, we identified key periods of change in wetland extent throughout an ecologically significant component of the floodplain, the Grand Lake Meadows and Portobello Creek wetland complex, with significant erosion evident in coves and backwater areas across the landscape following dam construction and significant accretion around the Jemseg River following highway construction. Connectivity and hydrological regime also influenced other habitat components, namely nutrients and metals retention, as well as the composition of the local macrophyte community. These findings address two key aspects of floodplain management: (1) understanding how hydrological alteration has historically influenced floodplain wetlands can inform us of how the ecosystem may respond under future conditions, such as climate change, and (2) the mechanisms by which habitat diversity and disturbance regimes filter biological communities, with the potential for patches to host a rich biodiversity continuously supporting critical ecosystem functions.</p>
Lena Delta habitat disturbance regimes
<p>In the Lena Delta, mainly annual flooding, but also local rapid thaw processes on the land surface of the terraces with ice-rich permafrost, result in disturbance regimes forming distinct habitat types. The floodplains experience seasonal flooding as a regularly occurring disturbance in spring after ice-break up (the spring flood). Very high disturbance regimes due to the most intense scour, erosion and sedimentation result in barren sandbanks or in early-stage plant communities equalling the ‘sparsely vegetated’ habitat class. ‘moist to wet sedge communities’<em>, ‘</em>wet sedge communities’<em>, ‘</em>moist equisetum and shrubs’<em>, ‘</em>dry shrub communities’<em>, ‘</em>dry grass to wet sedge communities’ forms the mid to advanced successional stages on the floodplain (high disturbance regime) with shifting habitat types according to Stanford et al., (2005) and Driscoll and Hauer, (2019).</p> <p>In contrast to the floodplain, habitats on the first, second and third delta terraces are less extensively disturbed (low disturbance) allowing the development of the typical mature-state tundra plant communities: ‘polygonal tundra complex’, ‘tussock tundra’, and ‘dwarsh shrub herb communities’. However, locally, high disturbance occurs by rapid thaw processes of ice-rich permafrost (first and third delta terraces) with habitats characterized by mid to advanced-stage plant succession: ‘moist to wet sedge communities’<em>, ‘</em>wet sedge communities’, ‘dry shrub communities’, and <em>‘</em>dry grass to wet sedge’ communities. Very high disturbance due to intense rapid thaw processes occurs at eroding cliffs and lake margins, in steep valleys and actively developing gullies resulting in barren surfaces with rims of sparsely vegetated transition zones. Given the link between plant communities and flooding as well as rapid thaw processes, we characterised the disturbance regimes for each habitat class (see legend in table) and provide an upscaling product in the form of a disturbance map for the entire Lena Delta.</p> <p> </p> <p>References: </p> <p>Stanford, J. A., Lorang, M. S., and Hauer, F. R.: The shifting habitat mosaic of river ecosystems, SIL Proceedings, 1922-2010, 29, 123-136, 10.1080/03680770.2005.11901979, 2005.</p> <p>Driscoll, K. P. and Hauer, F. R.: Seasonal flooding affects habitat and landscape dynamics of a gravel-bed river floodplain, Freshwater Science, 38, 510-526, 10.1086/704826, 2019.</p>
Leaving disturbance legacies conserves boreal conifers and maximizes net CO2 absorption under climate change and more frequent and larger windthrow regimes
<p>No description provided.</p>
Data from: The beautiful and the dammed: defining multi-stressor disturbance regimes in an Atlantic river floodplain wetland
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Data from: Characterizing combined fire and insect outbreak disturbance regimes in British Columbia, Canada
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Data from: Compounded perturbations in coastal areas: contrasting responses to nutrient enrichment and the regime of storm-related disturbance depend on life-history traits
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Data from: Historic disturbance regimes promote tree diversity only under low browsing regimes in eastern deciduous forest
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Maintaining historic disturbance regimes increases species’ resilience to catastrophic hurricanes
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Data from: Simulating regimes of chemical disturbance and testing impacts in the ecosystem using a novel programmable dosing system
Pollution is a global issue at the frontier between ecology, environmental science, management, engineering and policy. Legislation requires experiments to determine how much contamination an ecosystem can absorb before there are structural or functional changes. Yet, existing methods cannot realistically simulate regimes of chemical disturbance and determine impacts to assemblages in ecosystems. This is because they lack ecologically relevant species and biotic interactions, are logistically difficult to set-up, and lack environmentally relevant regimes of chemical and abiotic disturbance that organisms experience in polluted areas. We solved these long-standing environmental, logistical, experimental and ecological problems by developing a programmable dosing-system. This dosing-system simulates, in situ, regimes of chemical disturbance to assemblages by manipulating the concentration, duration, timing and frequency of pollutants to which they are exposed. Experiments with priority pollutants (the metal copper and the biocide Chlorpyrifos) and mussel assemblages revealed consistent plumes of contamination within patches of mussel. Mussels at the sources of experimental plumes of copper created by the dosing-system, accumulated 670% more copper in their tissues compared to mussels 0.5-50 m away. In addition, when mussels were exposed to increasing concentrations of copper there was a concomitant increase in the amount of copper in the tissues of mussels. Combining the dosing-system with an established hierarchy of ecotoxicological assays revealed mussel assemblages exposed to copper and/or Chlorpyrifos had 40-70% fewer worms, whilst Chlorpyrifos alone caused an 81% reduction in the number of amphipods and caused mussels to filter 48% fewer particles from the water. Combinations of copper and/or Chlorpyrifos had no effects on the abundance of crabs, the respiratory functions of assemblages or the viability of molluscan haemocytes. As global contamination accelerates we discuss how this technological advance will enable a diverse array of ecologists, mangers and policy-makers to understand and reduce pollution.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.