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3 results for “domestic space”
Spatial and temporal dynamics of space use by free-ranging domestic dogs Canis familiaris in rural Africa
<p>Variation in the spatial ecology of animals influences the transmission of infections and so understanding host behaviour can improve the control of diseases. Despite the global distribution of free-ranging domestic dogs <i>Canis familiaris</i> and their role as reservoirs for zoonotic diseases, little is known about the dynamics of their space use. We deployed GPS loggers on free-ranging dogs from six villages in rural Chad, and tracked the movements of 174 individuals in the dry season and 151 in the wet season. We calculated 95% and core home ranges using auto-correlated kernel density estimates (AKDE<sub>95</sub> and AKDE<sub>core</sub>), determined the degree to which their movements were predictable, and identified correlates of movement patterns. The median AKDE<sub>95 </sub>range in the dry season was 0.54km<sup>2</sup> and in the wet season was 0.31km<sup>2</sup>, while the median AKDE<sub>core </sub>range in the dry season was 0.08km<sup>2</sup> and in the wet season was 0.04km<sup>2</sup>. Seasonal variation was, in part, related to owner activities. Dogs from hunting households had ranges that were five times larger in the dry season. At least 70% of individuals were more predictably 'at home' (<50m from the household) throughout the day in the dry season. 80% of dogs demonstrated periodicity in activity levels (speed) and just over half the dogs exhibited periodicity in location (repeated space use). In the wet season, dogs mostly exhibited 24-hour cycles in activity and location, with peaks at midday. In the dry season, dogs exhibited both 12 and 24-hour cycles, with either a single peak at midday, or one peak between 6am and 12 noon and a second between 6 and 10pm. Strategies to control canine-mediated zoonoses can be improved by tailoring operations to the local spatial ecology of free-ranging dogs. Interventions using a door-to-door strategy in rural Chad would best conduct operations during the dry season, when access to dogs around their household more reliably exceeds 70% throughout the day. Given the importance of use in hunting for explaining variation in dog space-use, targeting approaches to disease control at the household level on the basis of owner activities offers potential to improve access to dogs.</p>
Supplementary Materials - Integrating Spatial Analyses and Microbotanical Remains: A Methodological Approach for Investigating Plant Processing Activities and Domestic Spaces at Neolithic Çatalhöyük.
<p><strong>Supplementary Materials I, II, and III - Integrating Spatial Analyses and Microbotanical Remains: A Methodological Approach for Investigating Plant Processing Activities and Domestic Spaces at Neolithic Çatalhöyük.</strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Supplementary I</strong> contains the raw data for the microbotanical analyses on Buildings 80 and 131. It consists of laboratory track sheets and the raw counts of phytoliths and starch grains from each building.</p> <p><strong>Supplementary II</strong> contains: a) A detailed description of all the starch grain typologies encountered in this research along with references from modern reference collections; b) A visual example of each of the phytolith morphotypes identified and c) The variogram and the Kriging error variances.</p> <p><strong>Supplementary III</strong> refers to the R code, building shape files (Mask), and spatial data utilized to produce the Kriging and IDW stipital objects.</p>
Spatial and temporal dynamics of space use by free-ranging domestic dogs Canis familiaris in rural Africa
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