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13 results for “ecological niche evolution”
Data from: Alternative measures of trait-niche relationships: a test on dispersal traits in saproxylic beetles (Ecology and Evolution)
<p>Data from: Alternative measures of trait-niche relationships: a test on dispersal traits in saproxylic beetles (Ecology and Evolution)</p> <p>DATA DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8322080</p> <p>Associated article DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.10588</p> <p>Ryan C. Burner, Jorg Stephan, Juha Siitonen, Tord Snall, et al. 2023</p> <p>ryan.c.burner@gmail.com</p> <p>This data release contains data files needed to run the Hmsc models described in the associated publication. It is a subset of the complete beetle capture and environmental covariate dataset maintained by Juha Siitonen (see associated manuscript for references to prior publications). It contains the following four files:</p> <p>1) Species_detections.csv</p> <p>This site_year x species table has detection/non-detection (1/0) values for each species at each site_year. Beetles were trapped at about 142 sites in Finland forests. Includes only beetle species (n = 212) which are considered saproxylic and which were detected at >=5 sites in the dataset, and for which trait information was available. Species names are as originally identified in the source dataset (see early publications by Juha Siitonen). Row names ('Row_ID'), which consist of [site]_[year], correspond to 'Row_ID' in the 'Site_covariates.csv' file. Species (column) names correspond to species row naes in 'Species_traits.csv'</p> <p>2) Site_covariates.csv</p> <p>This table has one row for each 'Row_ID' (n = 142) corresponding to rows in 'Species_data.csv'. Covariate columns have been scaled and centered for modeling. Columns are as follows:</p> <p>rowID - [site]_[year] of sampling<br> Year - year of sampling<br> Site - site name/number<br> climID - unique ID for each grid cell from which climate data were extracted<br> lat_WGS84 - latitude (WGS84)<br> lon_WGS84 - longitude (WGS84)<br> VD10 - scaled and centered total pooled volume of local standing and fallen dead trees (originally in m3/ha, before scaling) with a minimum diameter of 10 cm, estimated using transects<br> agedomin - scaled and centered mean age of the five oldest trees in the stand<br> OldFor_1km - scaled and centered volume of living wood in those forests older than 100 years within a one km radius around each site<br> MeanTemp - scaled and centered mean temperature during the trapping period, from mean of all ERA5 hourly estimates of 2m temperature (see manuscript for details)<br> TotalPrecip - scaled and centered total precipitation during the trapping period, from ERA5 summed across all hourly estimates of total precipitation (see manuscript for details)<br> globRad_WHm2 - scaled and centered total solar radiation during the trapping period, summed across all daily values, based on site slope and aspect, calculated using GIS (see manuscript for details). Units were Wh/m2 prior to scaling and centering.<br> log_Nr_traps - scaled and centered log-transformed number of traps used at each capture site </p> <p><br> 3) Species_traits.csv</p> <p>Trait data, based on trait values in Hagge et al. (2021 - see manuscript for full reference), for beetle species included in model (see species data information, above). In some cases traits are from synonyms used in Hagge that differ from taxonomy of this dataset. Traits have been scaled and centered. Row names are species names that match columns in 'Species_detections.csv'. Columns as follows:</p> <p>wing_length - scaled and centered (log(wing length divided by body length))<br> wing_load - scaled and centered (log(mass / wing area / body length))<br> wing_aspect - scaled and centered (log(wing aspect ratio)</p> <p><br> 4) Phylotree.csv</p> <p>A phylogenetic tree for the species in this dataset, written in the Newick (also known as New Hampshire) format. The tree is based on the species-level insect tree in Chesters et al. (2017) (see manuscript for full citation) but has missing species added randomly to the correct genus (when present) or family or (occassionally) order.</p>
Adaptations to light contribute to the ecological niches and evolution of the terrestrial avifauna
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Biogeography and ecological niche evolution in Diapensiaceae inferred from phylogenetic analysis
<p>Diapensiaceae (Ericales) are a small family of about 15 species. Within this clade, two species are broadly distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere, while the remaining species have a disjunct distribution between eastern North America and eastern Asia. To address patterns and processes of diversification in Diapensiaceae, we conducted biogeographic analyses and inferred shifts in ecological niche across the phylogeny of the clade. Although Diapensiaceae have been the focus of multiple phylogenetic and biogeographic studies, previous studies were taxonomically limited. We greatly improve the phylogenetic underpinning for Diapensiaceae with the most inclusive taxonomic sampling thus far, employing both nuclear and plastid gene sequence data for at least one sample per species in the family. Our estimates indicate that genera of Diapensiaceae variously diverged in the Eocene, Oligocene, and early to mid-Miocene. Biogeographic analysis suggests that the probable ancestor of the Diapensiaceae crown clade originated in the Nearctic, with vicariance events contributing to the current distribution of the disjunct taxa. Ecological niche, when considered in a phylogenetic context, clustered based on biogeographic realm. In general, greater ecological overlap was found at younger nodes and greater niche divergence was found among distantly related species. Diversification in Diapensiaceae appears to have been shaped by both large-scale biogeographic factors, such as vicariance, and divergence in ecological niche among closely related species.</p>
Phylogenomics, biogeography, and evolution of morphology and ecological niche of the eastern Asian‐ eastern North American Nyssa (Nyssaceae)
<p><i>Nyssa</i> (Nyssaceae, Cornales) represents a classical example of the well‐known eastern Asian‐eastern North American floristic disjunction. The genus consists of three species in eastern Asia, four species in eastern North America, and one species in Central America. Species of the genus are ecologically important trees in eastern North American and eastern Asian forests. The distribution of living species and a rich fossil record of the genus make it an excellent model for understanding the origin and evolution of the eastern Asian‐eastern North American floristic disjunction. However, despite the small number of species, relationships within the genus have remained unclear and have not been elucidated using a molecular approach. Here we integrate data from 48 nuclear genes, fossils, morphology, and ecological niche to resolve species relationships, elucidate its biogeographic history, and investigate the evolution of morphology and ecological niches, with the goal toward a better understanding of the well‐known EA‐ENA floristic disjunction. Results showed the Central American (CAM) <i>N. talamancana</i> was sister to the remaining species, which were divided among three, rapidly diversified subclades. Estimated divergence times and biogeographic history suggested <i>Nyssa</i> had an ancestral range in Eurasia and western North America in the late Paleocene. The rapid diversification occurred in the early Eocene, followed by multiple dispersals between and within the Erasian and North American continents. The genus experienced two major episodes of extinction in the early Oligocene and end of Neogene, respectively. The Central American <i>N. talamancana</i> represents a relic lineage of the boreotropical flora in the Paleocene/Eocene boundary that once diversified in western North America. The results supported the importance of both the North Atlantic land bridge and the Bering land bridge (BLB) for the Paleogene dispersals of <i>Nyssa</i> and the BLB for the Neogene dispersals and the role of Central America as refugia of the Paleogene flora. The total‐evidence based dated phylogeny suggested that the pattern of macroevolution of <i>Nyssa</i> coincided with paleoclimatic changes. We found a number of evolutionary changes in morphology (including wood anatomy and leaf traits) and ecological niches (precipitation and temperature) between the EA‐ENA disjunct, supporting ecological selection driving trait evolutions following geographic isolation. We also demonstrated challenges in phylogenomic studies of lineages with rapid diversification histories. The concatenation of gene data can lead to inference of strongly supported relationships incongruent with the species tree. However, conflicts in gene genealogies did not seem to impose a strong effect on divergence time dating in our case. Furthermore, we demonstrated that rapid diversification events may not be recovered in divergence time dating analysis using BEAST if critical fossil constraints of the relevant nodes are not available. Our study provides an example of complex bi‐directional exchanges of plants between Eurasia and North America in the Paleogene but "out of Asia" migrations in the Neogene to explain the present disjunct distribution of <i>Nyssa</i> in EA and ENA.<b> </b><b> </b></p>
Data from: Linking life-history traits, ecology and niche breadth evolution in North American eriogonoids (Polygonaceae)
Macroevolutionary and microevolutionary studies provide complementary explanations of the processes shaping the evolution of niche breadth. Macroevolutionary approaches scrutinize factors such as the temporal and spatial environmental heterogeneities that drive differentiation among species. Microevolutionary studies, in contrast, focus on the processes that affect intraspecific variability. We combine these perspectives by using macroevolutionary models in a comparative study of intraspecific variability. We address potential differences in rates of evolution of niche breadth and position in annual and perennial plants of the Eriogonoideae subfamily of the Polygonaceae. We anticipated higher rates of evolution in annuals than in perennials owing to differences in generation time that are paralleled by rates of molecular evolution. Instead, we find that perennial eriogonoid species present greater environmental tolerance (wider climate niche) than annual species. Niche breadth of perennial species has evolved two to four times faster than in annuals, while niche optimum has diversified more rapidly among annual species than among perennials. Niche breadth and average elevation of species are correlated. Moreover, niche breadth increases more rapidly with mean species elevation in perennials than in annuals. Our results suggest that both environmental gradients and life history strategy influence rates and patterns of niche breadth evolution.
Elevational niche-shift migration: Why the degree of elevational change matters for the ecology, evolution, and physiology of migratory birds to ornithology
<p>Elevational migration can be defined as roundtrip seasonal movement that involves upward and downward shifts in elevation. These shifts incur physiological challenges that are proportional to the degree of elevational change. Larger shifts in elevation correspond to larger shifts in partial pressure of oxygen, air density, temperature, and UV exposure. Although most avian examples of elevational migration involve subtle shifts that would have minimal impacts on physiology, shifts of <i>any magnitude</i> have previously been considered under the broad umbrella of 'elevational migration'. Here, we consider extreme seasonal elevational movements (≥2000 m), sufficient to shift the elevational dimension of the eco-climatic niche. Migratory bird populations typically maintain inter-seasonal stability in the temperature, precipitation, and elevational aspects of their climatic niches, a tendency that likely reflects genetic physiological specialization on environmental conditions such as atmospheric pressure. A shift of ≥2000 m involves a ≥20% change in air density and oxygen partial pressure, sufficient to incur functionally impactful declines in arterial blood-oxygen saturation and require compensatory shifts in respiratory physiology. We refer to this phenomenon as elevational niche-shift migration (ENSM). In this review, we analyzed >4 million occurrence records to identify 105 populations, representing 92 bird species, that undergo complete or partial ENSM. We identified key ecological and evolutionary questions regarding causes and consequences of ENSM. Our synthesis reveals that ENSM has evolved independently in at least 29 avian families spanning 10 orders. Nonetheless, ENSM is rare relative to other forms of seasonal migration, consistent with the general tendency of seasonal niche conservatism by migratory species and evolutionarily conserved elevational range limits. For many migratory species and populations, within-species patterns of migratory connectivity are not sufficiently understood to determine ENSM status. ENSM is distinguished by its scale within the broader phenomenon of elevational migration. Critical examination of ENSM illustrates fundamental constraints on the ecology and evolution of migration systems, topographical influences on geographic patterns of migratory connectivity, and the remarkable metabolic flexibility of certain bird species that allows them to occupy disparate elevations across different seasons.</p>
Data from: Linking life-history traits, ecology and niche breadth evolution in North American eriogonoids (Polygonaceae)
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Data from: Pliocene-Pleistocene ecological niche evolution shapes the phylogeography of a Mediterranean plant group
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Reconstructing Ecological Niche Evolution via Ancestral State Reconstruction with Uncertainty Incorporated
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Phylogenomics, biogeography, and evolution of morphology and ecological niche of the eastern Asian‐ eastern North American Nyssa (Nyssaceae)
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Data from: Reconstructing ecological niche evolution when niches are incompletely characterized
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Biogeography and ecological niche evolution in Diapensiaceae inferred from phylogenetic analysis
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Elevational niche-shift migration: Why the degree of elevational change matters for the ecology, evolution, and physiology of migratory birds
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