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51 results for “efflux pumps”
Supervised Molecular Dynamics Movies from: Deciphering the molecular recognition mechanism of multidrug resistance Staphylococcus aureus NorA efflux pump using a Supervised Molecular Dynamics approach
<p>Molecular Recognition pathway of Supervised molecular dynamic simulations of MdfA-CLM NorA-CPX and NorA-CPX.</p>
Deciphering the molecular recognition mechanism of multidrug resistance Staphylococcus aureus NorA efflux pump using a Supervised Molecular Dynamics approach.
<p><strong>Legend of Movie-S1</strong></p> <p>The Movie is composed by four synchronized and animated panels that show different aspects of the SuMD simulation. The time evolution is reported in nanosecond. In the first panel (upper left), the molecular representation of the system is shown. The MdfA backbone is represented by the new cartoon style (cyan). The CLM is shown in yellow and by a transparent surface. The protein residues within 3 Å from the ligand are made explicit by a stick representation.</p> <p>In the second panel (upper-right), the CM-distance between the protein and the ligand centers of mass is reported.</p> <p>In the third panel (lower left), the MMGBSA energy profile is reported.</p> <p>In the fourth panel (lower-right) cumulative electrostatic interactions are reported for the 15 MdfA residues most contacted by CLM during the whole simulation.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Legend of Video-S2</strong></p> <p>The Movie shows the SuMD trajectory of CLM on MdfA compared to the CLM crystallographic pose. MdfA is represented in cyan new cartoon transparency. The crystallographic pose is showed in yellow while the experimental one in light green. At 16.69 ns a RMSD value of 1.77 Å is highlighted.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Legend of Video-S3</strong></p> <p>The Movie is composed by four synchronized and animated panels that show different aspects of the SuMD simulation. The time evolution is reported in nanosecond. In the first panel (upper left), the system is shown. The NorA backbone is represented by the new cartoon style (red) and the protein residues within 3 Å of CPX are showed in stick. CPX is rendered by a green stick.</p> <p>In the second panel (upper-right), the distance between the centre of mass of the ligand and the protein during the trajectory is reported.</p> <p>In the third panel (lower left), the MMGBSA energy profile is reported. In the fourth panel (lower-right) cumulative electrostatic interactions are reported for the 15 NorA residues most contacted by CPX during the whole SuMD trajectory.</p> <p>It is important to note that the following video has a duration that is half of the simulation of SuMD. However, this straid does not alter the description of the trajectory performed by the ligand.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Legend of Video-S4</strong></p> <p>The Movie depicts the clustering analysis of CPX during the whole SuMD simulation. The NorA protein is shown in red new cartoon transparency. CPX is rendered by a light-green stick and by a transparent surface. The spheres are shown in 7 different colours, according to the different clusters. Each sphere dimension is in according to the cluster dimensions. After a first recognition site, the ligand conformations are clustered in different sites of the NorA channel. It is important to note that the following video has a duration that is half of the simulation of SuMD. However, this straid does not alter the description of the trajectory performed by the ligand.</p>
Detection of Efflux Pump Genes Mediating Ciprofloxacin Resistance in Staphylococcus Aureus Isolates in Sohag University Hospitals
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05828550. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Transcriptome analysis of ionic-liquid tolerant Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CMW1 and identification of a novel efflux pump
<p>Bacteria that exhibit ionic-liquid (IL) tolerance are useful in chemical industries using renewable carbon sources pretreated by ILs to produce biofuels and fine chemicals. Although an IL, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIM]Cl), has a remarkable ability to solubilize wood components, [BMIM]Cl inhibits the growth of various bacterial hosts useful for bioconversion. We previously isolated a 10% [BMIM]Cl-tolerant bacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CMW1. Here we report novel mechanisms of tolerance to [BMIM]Cl in strain CMW1 and a novel major facilitator superfamily (MFS) transporter coded by an ionic-liquid tolerance (ILT) gene. First, using CMW1 cells grown in the presence or absence of 10% [BMIM]Cl, whole-transcriptome analysis and differentially expressed gene analysis were performed. Probable mechanisms of tolerance to [BMIM]Cl include uptake of osmoprotectants from the culture medium toward CMW1 cells and the export of [BMIM] cations that accumulated in CMW1 cells. The finding represents a first step in elucidation of the mechanisms of IL resistance in Gram-positive bacteria. Second, we conferred tolerance to 5% [BMIM]Cl on [BMIM]Cl-susceptible Brevibacillus choshinensis using ILT gene. This finding provides a notable basis for engineering IL-tolerant bacterial hosts that are applicable for the effective and sustainable production of industrially important chemicals.</p>
Data from: Heterogeneity in efflux pump expression predisposes antibiotic-resistant cells to mutation
<p>Antibiotic resistance is often the result of mutations that block drug activity; however, bacteria also evade antibiotics by transiently expressing genes such as multidrug efflux pumps. A crucial question is whether transient resistance can promote permanent genetic changes. Previous studies have established that antibiotic treatment can select tolerant cells that then mutate to achieve permanent resistance. Whether these mutations result from antibiotic stress or preexist within the population is unclear. To address this question, we focused on the multidrug pump AcrAB-TolC. Using time-lapse microscopy, we found that cells with higher acrAB expression have lower expression of the DNA mismatch repair gene mutS, lower growth rates, and higher mutation frequencies. Thus, transient antibiotic resistance from elevated acrAB expression can promote spontaneous mutations within single cells.</p>
Figure 9 from: Dorri K, Modaresi F, Shakibaie MR, Moazamian E (2022) Effect of gold nanoparticles on the expression of efflux pump mexA and mexB genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains by Quantitative real-time PCR. Pharmacia 69(1): 125-133. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.69.e77608
Figure 9 Results of toxA gene replication in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Well 1: marker size 50 bp; Well 2–23: positive samples of size 85 bp; Well 24: negative control; Well 25: positive control of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PTCC 17589.
Figure 8 from: Dorri K, Modaresi F, Shakibaie MR, Moazamian E (2022) Effect of gold nanoparticles on the expression of efflux pump mexA and mexB genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains by Quantitative real-time PCR. Pharmacia 69(1): 125-133. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.69.e77608
Figure 8 Results of Pela gene replication in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Well 1: marker size 50 bp; Well 2–23: positive samples of size 148 bp; Well 24: negative control; Well 25: positive control of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PTCC 17589.
Figure 7 from: Dorri K, Modaresi F, Shakibaie MR, Moazamian E (2022) Effect of gold nanoparticles on the expression of efflux pump mexA and mexB genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains by Quantitative real-time PCR. Pharmacia 69(1): 125-133. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.69.e77608
Figure 7 Results of lasR gene replication in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Well 1: marker size 50 bp; Well 2–26: positive samples of size 130 bp; Well 27: negative control; Well 28: positive control of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PTCC 17589.
Figure 4 from: Dorri K, Modaresi F, Shakibaie MR, Moazamian E (2022) Effect of gold nanoparticles on the expression of efflux pump mexA and mexB genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains by Quantitative real-time PCR. Pharmacia 69(1): 125-133. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.69.e77608
Figure 4 Results of gyrB gene replication in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Well 1: marker size 50 bp; Well 2–26: positive samples of size 222 bp; Well 27: negative control; Well 28: positive control of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PTCC 17589.
Figure 6 from: Dorri K, Modaresi F, Shakibaie MR, Moazamian E (2022) Effect of gold nanoparticles on the expression of efflux pump mexA and mexB genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains by Quantitative real-time PCR. Pharmacia 69(1): 125-133. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.69.e77608
Figure 6 Results of exoT gene replication in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Well 1: marker size 50 bp; Well 2–36: positive samples of size 471 bp; Well 37: negative control; Well 38: positive control of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PTCC 17589.
Figure 5 from: Dorri K, Modaresi F, Shakibaie MR, Moazamian E (2022) Effect of gold nanoparticles on the expression of efflux pump mexA and mexB genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains by Quantitative real-time PCR. Pharmacia 69(1): 125-133. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.69.e77608
Figure 5 Results of rhlR gene replication in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Well 1: marker size 50 bp; Well 2–26: positive samples of size 133 bp; Well 27: negative control; Well 28: positive control of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PTCC 17589.
Figure 18 from: Dorri K, Modaresi F, Shakibaie MR, Moazamian E (2022) Effect of gold nanoparticles on the expression of efflux pump mexA and mexB genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains by Quantitative real-time PCR. Pharmacia 69(1): 125-133. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.69.e77608
Figure 18 The expression rates of MexB gene in the gold nanoparticles-treated samples and non-treated samples; a significant decrease in gene expression was observed between treated and non-treated samples in comparison with the control group. The G74 gene was used as an internal control.
Figure 15 from: Dorri K, Modaresi F, Shakibaie MR, Moazamian E (2022) Effect of gold nanoparticles on the expression of efflux pump mexA and mexB genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains by Quantitative real-time PCR. Pharmacia 69(1): 125-133. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.69.e77608
Figure 15 Melting curve analysis to ensure the specificity of the amplified fragments of the MexB gene that the measured curves of the gene in all samples are consistent and single-peaked.
Figure 17 from: Dorri K, Modaresi F, Shakibaie MR, Moazamian E (2022) Effect of gold nanoparticles on the expression of efflux pump mexA and mexB genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains by Quantitative real-time PCR. Pharmacia 69(1): 125-133. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.69.e77608
Figure 17 The expression rates of MexA gene in the gold nanoparticles-treated samples and non-treated samples; a significant decrease in gene expression was observed between treated and non-treated samples in comparison with the control group. The G74 gene was used as an internal control.
Figure 14 from: Dorri K, Modaresi F, Shakibaie MR, Moazamian E (2022) Effect of gold nanoparticles on the expression of efflux pump mexA and mexB genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains by Quantitative real-time PCR. Pharmacia 69(1): 125-133. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.69.e77608
Figure 14 Melting curve analysis to ensure the specificity of the amplified fragments of the MexA gene; the measured curves of the gene in all samples are consistent and in the form of single-peak.
Figure 10 from: Dorri K, Modaresi F, Shakibaie MR, Moazamian E (2022) Effect of gold nanoparticles on the expression of efflux pump mexA and mexB genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains by Quantitative real-time PCR. Pharmacia 69(1): 125-133. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.69.e77608
Figure 10 Percentage of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates carrying gyrB, rhlR, exoT, lasR, Pela, and toxA.
Figure 16 from: Dorri K, Modaresi F, Shakibaie MR, Moazamian E (2022) Effect of gold nanoparticles on the expression of efflux pump mexA and mexB genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains by Quantitative real-time PCR. Pharmacia 69(1): 125-133. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.69.e77608
Figure 16 Melting curve analysis to ensure the specificity of the amplified fragments of the MexB gene; the measured curves of the gene in all samples are consistent and in the form of single-peak.
Figure 11 from: Dorri K, Modaresi F, Shakibaie MR, Moazamian E (2022) Effect of gold nanoparticles on the expression of efflux pump mexA and mexB genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains by Quantitative real-time PCR. Pharmacia 69(1): 125-133. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.69.e77608
Figure 11 Results of MexA gene replication in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Well 1: marker size 1 kb; Well 2–8: positive samples of size 316 bp; Well 9: positive control of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PTCC 17589.
Figure 12 from: Dorri K, Modaresi F, Shakibaie MR, Moazamian E (2022) Effect of gold nanoparticles on the expression of efflux pump mexA and mexB genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains by Quantitative real-time PCR. Pharmacia 69(1): 125-133. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.69.e77608
Figure 12 Results of MexB gene replication in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Well 6: marker size 1 kb; Well 1–5 and 8–12: positive samples of size 244 bp; Well 7: positive control of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PTCC 17589.
Efflux Pump Mediated Azole Resistance in Candida Albicans
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03659162. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 0. Publications: 10.
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