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419 results for “elevation gradient”
Biome Transition Along Elevational Gradients in New Mexico (SEON) Study: Flux Tower Net Primary Productivity (NPP) Quadrat Study at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico
The varied topography and large elevation gradients that characterize the arid and semi-arid Southwest create a wide range of climatic conditions - and associated biomes - within relatively short distances. This creates an ideal experimental system in which to study the effects of climate on ecosystems. Such studies are critical given that the Southwestern U.S. has already experienced changes in climate that have altered precipitation patterns (Mote et al. 2005), and stands to experience dramatic climate change in the coming decades (Seager et al. 2007; Ting et al. 2007). Climate models currently predict an imminent transition to a warmer, more arid climate in the Southwest (Seager et al. 2007; Ting et al. 2007). Thus, high elevation ecosystems, which currently experience relatively cool and mesic climates, will likely resemble their lower elevation counterparts, which experience a hotter and drier climate. In order to predict regional changes in carbon storage, hydrologic partitioning and water resources in response to these potential shifts, it is critical to understand how both temperature and soil moisture affect processes such as evaportranspiration (ET), total carbon uptake through gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (Reco), and net ecosystem exchange of carbon, water and energy across elevational gradients. We are using a sequence of six widespread biomes along an elevational gradient in New Mexico -- ranging from hot, arid ecosystems at low elevations to cool, mesic ecosystems at high elevation to test specific hypotheses related to how climatic controls over ecosystem processes change across this gradient. We have an eddy covariance tower and associated meteorological instruments in each biome which we are using to directly measure the exchange of carbon, water and energy between the ecosystem and the atmosphere. This gradient offers us a unique opportunity to test the interactive effects of temperature and soil moisture on ecosystem proce
Biome Transition Along Elevational Gradients in New Mexico (SEON) Study: Flux Tower Seasonal Biomass and Seasonal and Annual NPP Data at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico
The varied topography and large elevation gradients that characterize the arid and semi-arid Southwest create a wide range of climatic conditions - and associated biomes - within relatively short distances. This creates an ideal experimental system in which to study the effects of climate on ecosystems. Such studies are critical given that the Southwestern U.S. has already experienced changes in climate that have altered precipitation patterns (Mote et al. 2005), and stands to experience dramatic climate change in the coming decades (Seager et al. 2007; Ting et al. 2007). Climate models currently predict an imminent transition to a warmer, more arid climate in the Southwest (Seager et al. 2007; Ting et al. 2007). Thus, high elevation ecosystems, which currently experience relatively cool and mesic climates, will likely resemble their lower elevation counterparts, which experience a hotter and drier climate. In order to predict regional changes in carbon storage, hydrologic partitioning and water resources in response to these potential shifts, it is critical to understand how both temperature and soil moisture affect processes such as evapotranspiration (ET), total carbon uptake through gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (Reco), and net ecosystem exchange of carbon, water and energy across elevational gradients. We are using a sequence of six widespread biomes along an elevational gradient in New Mexico -- ranging from hot, arid ecosystems at low elevations to cool, mesic ecosystems at high elevation to test specific hypotheses related to how climatic controls over ecosystem processes change across this gradient. We have an eddy covariance tower and associated meteorological instruments in each biome which we are using to directly measure the exchange of carbon, water and energy between the ecosystem and the atmosphere. This gradient offers us a unique opportunity to test the interactive effects of temperature and soil moisture on ecosystem proces
Snow depth, soil frost depth and snow water content along an elevation gradient at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest.
Snow depth, soil frost depth and snow water content have been measured at several locations at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (HBEF). In October 2010, as part of a study of the relationships between snow depth, soil freezing and nutrient cycling (http://www.ecostudies.org/people_sci_groffman_snow_summary.html), we established 6 20 x 20-m plots (intensive plots) and 14 10 x 10-m plots (extensive plots) following an elevation gradient, with eight of the plots facing north and twelve facing south. Snow and frost depth, and snow water equivalent sampling started in December 2010. Measurements on the extensive plots ended at the conclusion of snow coverage in spring, 2012. Measurements at the 6 intensive plots are ongoing and measurement frequency was increased from approximately bimonthly to approximately weekly beginning in the 2019-2020 snow cover season. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Soil moisture along an elevation gradient at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, 2010 - ongoing
Soil temperature and soil moisture have been measured at multiple locations at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (HBEF), as part of a study of the relationships between snow depth, soil freezing and nutrient cycling (http://www.ecostudies.org/people_sci_groffman_snow_summary.html). In October 2010, we established 6, 20 x 20-m plots (intensive plots) and 14 10 x 10-m plots (extensive plots) along an elevation gradient, with eight of the plots on north-facing slopes and twelve on south-facing slopes. Soil temperature and soil moisture were measured at hourly intervals on these plots beginning in November 2010. Six locations were discontinued in September 2012 (E04, E05, E06, E11-B, E13, and E14). Previous versions of this dataset included both temperature and moisture. These data are now available as moisture(this dataset) and temperature (https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?scope=knb-lter-hbr&identifier=315]. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Soil temperature along an elevation gradient at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, 2010 - ongoing
Soil temperature and soil moisture have been measured at multiple locations at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (HBEF), as part of a study of the relationships between snow depth, soil freezing and nutrient cycling (http://www.ecostudies.org/people_sci_groffman_snow_summary.html). In October 2010, we established 6, 20 x 20-m plots (intensive plots) and 14 10 x 10-m plots (extensive plots) along an elevation gradient, with eight of the plots on north-facing slopes and twelve on south-facing slopes. Soil temperature and soil moisture were measured at hourly intervals on these plots beginning in November 2010. Six locations were discontinued in September 2012 (E04, E05, E06, E11-B, E13, and E14). Previous versions of this dataset included both temperature and moisture. These data are now available as temperature (this dataset) and moisture (https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?scope=knb-lter-hbr&identifier=137). These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Patterns in litterfall production from 12 forested sites along an elevation gradient in Pico del Este
We measured litterfall from 12 sites along an upper elevation gradient every two weeks from 1994 to present. Samples are being used to estimate the litterfall productivity over time and space, identify the impacts of periodic events, and help us understand the drivers of ecosystem and biogeochemical processes with climate and vegetation change. Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.
Terrestrial gastropods abundance data along an elevational gradient within the Sonadora River watershed
The data set includes 3 files that contain abundance data for terrestrial gastropods along an elevational gradient within the Sonadora River watershed. Two files (1 and 2) contain data from the same transect but differ in the year during which they were collected (2007 and 2008). The third file (3) contains data from a separate elevational transect (sites were located at the same elevation as in files 1 and 2) in palm dominated forest within the same watershed that was collected during the same time period in 2008 as data from file 2. Note: Plots at 250 m of elevation were not sampled in 2008 on either transect and a plot at elevation 750 m in the palm transect was never sampled. Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.
Elevation Gradient (EG) Soil Microbial diversity FAME and TRFLP data
Soil fungal communities respond to multiple abiotic and biotic factors that change along elevation gradients. The limited information available on fungi and microbial processes along elevation gradients is primarily from temperate areas and very few from tropical regions. This study documents changes in fungal and bacterial diversity, and abundance and composition of microbial functional groups along a subtropical elevation gradient. Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.
Elevational gradients of walking stick (Lamponius portoricensis) abundance
Abundance data were collected for Lamponius portoricensis from a mixed forest transect and from a palm dominated transect set along an elevational gradient in the Sonadora watershed. Each transect ranged from 300 m to 1000 m in elevation, with elevational strata located at 50 m intervals and 10 plots per stratum. No palm dominated forest could be located at 700 m in the watershed, resulting in 15 strata (150 plots) along the mixed forest transect and 14 strata (140 plots) along the palm forest transect. The data set includes 5 files that contain abundance data for walking sticks (Lamponius portoricensis) along an elevational gradient within the Sonadora River watershed. Three files contain data from the mixed forest transect but differ in the year during which they were collected (2007, 2008, 2017). The 'Walking Stick Palm" files contains data from a palm forest elevational transect from 2008 and 2017, for which all sites were located in palm dominated forest in the same watershed. Note: Plots at 250 m of elevation were only sampled during 2007, no palm dominated forest could be located at 750 m of elevation; that elevation is omitted from the palm transect. Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.
Rainfall and ion composition data from multiple weather stations along an elevation gradient in northeastern Puerto Rico (2009-2018)
The data archive is here: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2021-0013 please use this DOI when citing this dataset. Rainfall and ionic composition data were collected at 21 sites along the elevational gradient of the Luquillo Mountains, in Puerto Rico. Stations were selected along the east coast of the island and follow the steep slope of the mountains until the highest peaks. Rainfall data were collected every two weeks and are provided in this data publication as monthly rainfall from January 2009 through May 2019. Also included are pH and conductivity which are provided monthly starting roughly in November 2011 and continue through May 2019. Monthly ionic composition data from rainwater samples collected during the last two weeks of each month are also included from January 2009 through December 2017. Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.
Northeastern Puerto Rico open-canopy and under-canopy temperature and moisture data on an elevational gradient
The data archive is here:https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2022-0051 please use this DOI when citing this dataset. This data publication contains monthly means of temperature and moisture data collected from August 2006 through September 2021 from 22 locations along an elevational gradient, from 0 to 1045 meters, in Northeastern Puerto Rico. The higher elevational data are in the Luquillo Experimental Forest (El Yunque National Forest). Five kinds of data are included: air temperature and precipitation measured in the open (not under canopy) at 20 locations, air temperature and soil temperature both measured under the canopy at all 22 locations, and soil moisture under the canopy at 4 locations. Two locations have 3 sites each, measured in different canopy types at the same location. The other 20 locations have one site each, making a total of 26 measurement sites. Data are provided as monthly averages at each site. Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.
Individual-based body sizes of wild bees along elevational gradients on Mt. Kilimanjaro
<p><span>This dataset contains body size measurements of wild bees that were captured along elevational gradients on the southern slopes of Mt. Kilimanjaro (Tanzania) using standardized sampling methods (pan traps, transect walks). The dataset includes bee species identified at the species level as well as morphospecies. The bees were measured individually, meaning that intraspecific differences in body size are also represented. The intertegular distance (ITD) in millimeters was measured as a surrogate for body size.</span></p> <p><span>The KiLi project (2010-2018) is a German Science Foundation (DFG) funded research unit (DFG research unit FOR1246) that focuses on biodiversity and ecosystem processes along altitudinal and disturbance gradients on Mt. Kilimanjaro (Tanzania, Africa), capitalizing on its world-wide unique range of climatic and vegetation zones. The research unit comprises 2 central projects and 7 subprojects from various disciplines. On a total of 60 study sites in both natural and human-disturbed ecosystems biodiversity (e.g. plants, soil arthropods, ants, bees, frogs, lizards, bats, birds), related ecosystem processes (decomposition, seed dispersal, pollination, herbivory, predation), and biogeochemical processes and properties of ecosystems (climate, soil properties and nutrient status, regulation of water and carbon fluxes, trace gas emissions, primary productivity, functional diversity) are analyzed.</span></p>
Community-level flowering & fitness data across an elevational gradient, Rocky Mountain Biological Lab, 2021-2022
We collected data at three sites in Washington Gulch near the Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory (RMBL, Gothic, Colorado, USA) from June to August 2021 and 2022. RMBL is located in the East River valley of the West Elk mountains, approximately 10 kilometers from Crested Butte, Colorado. Study sites were located at 2815 m (38°53'50"N, 106°58'43"W), 3165 m (38°57'38"N, 107°01'53"W) and 3380 m (38°58'10"N, 107°01'53"W) in elevation. All sites are approximately 50 m2 and have similar slope and aspect (Sloat et al. 2015). We randomly defined five 1.2 m x 1.2 m plots within each site. Within the plots, we marked all newly open flowering units once per week from early June to mid-August. We counted flowering units as either a single flower (most species), a flowering head (Asteraceae), or an umbel (Apiaceae). We only counted flowering units once as they opened, so counts were not cumulative. We quantified fitness as successful fruit and seed development at the end of the season. When flowers began to produce fruits, we counted the number of units with fruit, the number of developed fruits produced by each flowering unit, and the number of seeds per fruit. We also recorded the week of flowering for each fruit. We could not count fruits and seeds for all species because they disappeared, were consumed too quickly, or did not produce seeds during our field season.
Range size and local abundance data for angiosperm communities across an elevation gradient, Rocky Mountain Biological Lab, 2021-2022
This dataset contains abundance and range size data for angiosperm communities at three sites in Washington Gulch near the Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory (RMBL, Gothic, Colorado, USA) for 2021 and 2022. RMBL is located in the East River valley of the West Elk mountains, approximately 10 kilometers from Crested Butte, Colorado. Study sites were located at 2815 m (38°53'50"N, 106°58'43"W), 3165 m (38°57'38"N, 107°01'53"W) and 3380 m (38°58'10"N, 107°01'53"W) in elevation, and contained five 1.2 m x 1.2 m plots each. We identified all vascular plants to species level. Each plot was sampled once per year near the peak of the growing season (approximately mid-July, depending on the year and elevation). In each plot, we counted all individuals of every species. To quantify abundance, we averaged local abundance across all five plots at each site and the two data collection years, and then ranked species by averaged abundance within each site (highest to lowest). We calculated range size as Extent of Occurrence (EOO) and Area of Occupancy (AOO). We calculated AOO and EOO with GBIF data using the ‘red’ package. We then ranked species by AOO within each site (largest to smallest).
White spruce demography and herbivory by snowshoe hares measured along elevational gradients in Denali National Park I - Site Data
Treelines in Alaska are advancing in elevation and latitude because of climate warming, which is expanding the habitat available for boreal wildlife species, including snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus). Snowshoe hares are already present in tall shrub communities beyond treeline and are the main browser of white spruce (Picea glauca), the dominant tree species at treeline in Alaska. We investigated the processes involved in a 'snowshoe hare filter' to white spruce establishment near treeline in Denali National Park. Because multiple factors interact to influence browsing of spruce, including the hare cycle, snow depth and the characteristics of surrounding vegetation, we collected an array of site variables relevant to spruce-hare interactions in Denali National Park, Alaska. Site variables collected included elevation, landscape position, vegetative cover, and the density of white spruce seedlings, saplings and trees.
White spruce demography and herbivory by snowshoe hares measured along elevational gradients in Denali National Park II - Sub Plot Data
Treelines in Alaska are advancing in elevation and latitude because of climate warming, which is expanding the habitat available for boreal wildlife species, including snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus). Snowshoe hares are already present in tall shrub communities beyond treeline and are the main browser of white spruce (Picea glauca), the dominant tree species at treeline in Alaska. We investigated the processes involved in a 'snowshoe hare filter' to white spruce establishment near treeline in Denali National Park. We hypothesized that surrounding vegetation would influence the likelihood of spruce being browsed by hares. Therefore, at each plot we estimated ramet density for all associated woody vegetation using one square-meter subplots. Within these subplots we also counted the total number of hare fecal pellets found on the ground.
White spruce demography and herbivory by snowshoe hares measured along elevational gradients in Denali National Park III - Spruce Data
Treelines in Alaska are advancing in elevation and latitude because of climate warming, which is expanding the habitat available for boreal wildlife species, including snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus). Snowshoe hares are already present in tall shrub communities beyond treeline and are the main browser of white spruce (Picea glauca), the dominant tree species at treeline in Alaska. We investigated the processes involved in a 'snowshoe hare filter' to white spruce establishment near treeline in Denali National Park. We modeled the pattern of spruce establishment from 1970 to 2009 and found that fewer spruce established during periods of high hare abundance. To do so, we measured several demographic attributes of white spruce in Denali National Park, including spruce height, basal diameter, browsing history and age.
Litterfall on the elevational gradient (Group 1) at Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1992 to 1993
Null Hypothesis: Litterfall weights not statistically different between plots on the altitudinal gradient.
Litterfall on the elevational gradient (Group 2) focusing on Rhododendrum leaf litter from the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1994 to 1995
Null Hypothesis: Litterfall weights not statistically different between plots on the altitudinal gradient.
Litterfall on the elevational gradient (Group 3) from the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory in 1995
Null Hypothesis: Litterfall weights not statistically different between plots on the altitudinal gradient.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.