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66 results for “elevational diversity gradient”
Elevation Gradient (EG) Soil Microbial diversity FAME and TRFLP data
Soil fungal communities respond to multiple abiotic and biotic factors that change along elevation gradients. The limited information available on fungi and microbial processes along elevation gradients is primarily from temperate areas and very few from tropical regions. This study documents changes in fungal and bacterial diversity, and abundance and composition of microbial functional groups along a subtropical elevation gradient. Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.
Data from: Environmental variation associated with topography explains butterfly diversity along a tropical elevation gradient
<p>Few studies have evaluated the role of topography on the diversity patterns of biological communities along elevation gradients. We evaluated the influence of microclimate and vegetation structure associated with topographic variation on the richness and composition of species of different families of butterflies on a mountain located in a dry enclave (Chicamocha River Canyon) in the northern Andes, Colombia. We captured butterflies over four months at 18 elevations (300 to 1500 m a.s.l.) in two topographic positions (riverbed and hillslope) using an entomological net and traps baited with fermented fruit. In general, butterfly richness increased with elevation in both topographic positions. However, the richness-elevation relationship changed with butterfly family. The riverbed and hillslope sites host different assemblages of butterflies, and this pattern that was consistent for most families. In the riverbed, two sets of species are recognized along the elevation gradient (one below 700 m a.s.l. and the other above 1000 m a.s.l.), mainly owing to species replacement. On the hillslopes there was no clear pattern of grouping associated with elevation. Microclimate differences between the riverbed and hillslope sites along the elevation gradient were related to the vegetation structure and explained the variation in butterfly species composition. Our results highlight the role of topography not only by explaining the response of species richness and composition to environmental variation determined by elevation, but also as a factor that must be considered in the planning and management of biodiversity conservation in the mountains.</p>
Data from: Higher spatial than seasonal beta diversity of soil protists along elevation gradients
<p>This data package contain the data and R script to reproduce the analyses of the paper from Bruni <em>et al.</em> (in press).</p> <p>It contains:</p> <ul> <li><strong>protist_spatiotemporal_turnover_site_parameters.xlsx</strong>: the list of sites used in this study with their (label, location, geography coordinates, habitat, ENA project and sample accessions) and soil abiotic parameters. Abbreviations and units are as follows: Res_hum, residual humidity [%]; Org_mat, soil organic matter [%]; C_org, organic carbon [mg ∙ g-1]; N_org, organic nitrogen [mg ∙ g-1]; P_bio, bioavailable phosphate [mg ∙ g-1]; C_N_ratio, carbon org. / nitrogen org. ratio; N_P_ratio: nitrogen org. / phosphorus bioavailable ratio.</li> <li><strong>protist_spatiotemporal_turnover_data.RData</strong>: dataset in rda format (R core team, 2024) containing the ASV read's abundance per site matrix (object "mat"), the ASV taxonomic assignments (object "taxo"), the ASV sequences (object "asv") and the CRU-TS monthly climatic data corresponding to the sampled site's location and dates (object "cruts").</li> <li><strong>protist_spatiotemporal_turnover_analyses.R</strong>: R script to reproduce all analyses and figures of Bruni <em>et al.</em> (in press)</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p>References:</p> <p>Bruni, E. P., Lorite, J., Peñas, J., Mulot, M., Fournier, B., Vittoz, P., Mitchell, E. A. D., & Lentendu, G. (2024). Higher spatial than seasonal beta diversity of soil protists along elevation gradients. Frontiers of Biogeography, 17, 1–17. DOI:<a href="https://doi.org/10.21425/fob.17.132637">10.21425/fob.17.132637</a></p> <div> <div>R Core Team. (2024). <em>R: a language and environment for statistical computing</em> (4.2.2) R Foundation for Statistical Computing. <a href="https://www.r-project.org/">https://www.r-project.org/</a></div> </div>
Fig. 4 in Patterns of Bird Diversity and Endemism Along an Elevational Gradient in the Southern Mexican Highlands.
Fig. 4. Rank-abundance curves for bird species at each of the four elevation sites in the Sierra Madre del Sur in southern Mexico. Bird species code: Aphelocoma sumichrasti (Asu), Catharus aurantiirostris (Cau), Cyanocitta coronata (Cco), Icterus pustulatus (Ipu), Junco phaeonotus (Jph), Melanerpes formicivorus (Mfo), Myadestes occidentalis (Moc), Myioborus miniatus (Mmi), Peucaea acuminata (Pac), Setophaga nigrescens (Sni), Tyrannus verticalis (Tve).
Fig. 5 in Patterns of Bird Diversity and Endemism Along an Elevational Gradient in the Southern Mexican Highlands.
Fig. 5. Differences in the abundance and composition of bird species per sampling point along an elevational gradient in the Sierra Madre del Sur in southern Mexico ordered by a non-metric multidimensional scaling based on the Bray-Curtis similarity index. Ellipses indicate 95% significance.
Fig. 2 in Patterns of Bird Diversity and Endemism Along an Elevational Gradient in the Southern Mexican Highlands.
Fig. 2. Bird species richness (q0) and diversity (q1 and q2) along an elevational gradient in the Sierra Madre del Sur in southern Mexico.
Fig. 1 in Patterns of Bird Diversity and Endemism Along an Elevational Gradient in the Southern Mexican Highlands.
Fig. 1. Geographic location of the (a) state of Guerrero in southern Mexico and (b) sampling sites (white triangles) within the Sierra Madre del Sur (red polygon). The nearest human settlements to each study site are shown as green stars.
Fig. 3 in Patterns of Bird Diversity and Endemism Along an Elevational Gradient in the Southern Mexican Highlands.
Fig. 3. Endemic bird species richness (q0) along an elevational gradient in the Sierra Madre del Sur in southern Mexico.
Fig. 6 in Patterns of Bird Diversity and Endemism Along an Elevational Gradient in the Southern Mexican Highlands.
Fig. 6. Faunal congruence curves for endemic bird species along an elevational gradient in the Sierra Madre del Sur in southern Mexico.
Figure 1 in New species and new records of Aphelinus Dalman (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Aphelinidae) from Lagodekhi Reserve (Sakartvelo - Georgia), with diversity and distribution along an elevational gradient
Figure 1. Aphelinus lagodekhiensis sp. nov.: a, ♀ head and antenna; b, ♀ body; c, ♀ thorax; d, ♀ forewing.
Figure 4 in New species and new records of Aphelinus Dalman (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Aphelinidae) from Lagodekhi Reserve (Sakartvelo - Georgia), with diversity and distribution along an elevational gradient
Figure 4. Species abundance (black circles) and richness of Aphelinus along a temporal scale. Trend lines represent secondorder OLS regressions (abundance R2 = 0.83, P <0.01; richness R2 = 0.61, P <0.01).
Fig. 3 in Amphibian diversity and conservation along an elevational gradient on Mount Emei, southwestern China
Fig. 3. Local and overall elevational ranges for each amphibian species. For each species, the local elevational range is the maximum minus minimum elevation on Mount Emei (gray box or vertical line), and the overall elevational range size is the published elevational range covering the whole distribution range (the horizontal line).
Fig. 2 in Amphibian diversity and conservation along an elevational gradient on Mount Emei, southwestern China
Fig. 2. The numbers of total and threatened species (bars) and elevational patterns of species richness (curves). Regression lines show total species richness (black) and threatened species richness (red) based on the polynomial regression models, with threatened status counts referring to the IUCN Red List (A) and the China Biodiversity Red List (B).
Fig. 1 in Amphibian diversity and conservation along an elevational gradient on Mount Emei, southwestern China
Fig. 1. (A) Geographic location of Mount Emei; (B) topographic overview of sample sites; and dominant vegetation types and typical habitats along the elevational gradient at (C) 500 m, (D) 1,300 m, and (E) 3,050 m. Sampling sites are indicated with red stars (see Appendix 1 for details).
Changes in community-weighted trait mean, functional diversity, precipitation, temperature and surface area along an elevational gradient in Tenerife, Canary Islands
<p>This dataset comprises community-weighted trait means and functional diversity of leaf traits, precipitation, temperature and surface area of the elevational belt recorded in roadside (disturbed) and interior (less disturbed) plots, along an elevational gradient of 2,300 m in Tenerife, Canary Islands. The leaf traits measured were specific leaf area (SLA), nitrogen, carbon, phosphorous, nitrogen to carbon ratio, leaf dry matter content (LDMC), sodium, potassium and magnesium. The environmental variables measured are total precipitation of the growing season, mean temperature of the growing season and surface area of the elevation belt. This dataset has been used for the analysis presented in Ratier Backes et al. (in press). Mechanisms behind elevational plant species richness patterns revealed by a trait-based approach. <em>Journal of Vegetation Science</em>.</p>
Data from: Environmental variation associated with topography explains butterfly diversity along a tropical elevation gradient
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Elevational gradient in ant diversity in the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory in 2005
This study will examine spatial patterns of ant diversity, body size, and community composition along the elevational gradient at Coweeta. The data will be part of a larger study that will examine several gradients in the US and abroad to assess whether there are general mechanisms that shape these diversity gradients. Patterns of ant species diversity are well documented and yet the mechanisms promoting species coexistence among communities are often elusive. Two emerging hypotheses that account for coexistence in ant communities are the discovery-dominance tradeoff and the dominance-thermal tolerance tradeoff. Here we used behavioural assays and community-level sampling from ant assemblages in the southern Appalachians, USA to test for the discovery-dominance and dominance-thermal tolerance tradeoffs. The investigators involved were Nathan Sanders, Robert Dunn, JP Lessard, and Melissa Geraghty.
The interacting effect of habitat amount, habitat diversity and fragmentation on insect diversity along elevational gradients.
Aim: Elevational gradients are a useful approach to evaluate how environmental factors affect animal diversity. Decades of studies on the elevation-diversity gradient have revealed that this gradient varies greatly with taxa and geographic regions. One potential explanation for this may be the dependence of the relationship on landscape features. We explore the impact of fragmentation, habitat diversity and habitat amount on insect diversity (alpha and beta) and abundance along elevational gradients. We hypothesize that insect diversity and abundance will relate negatively with elevation, but positively with these landscape features. We also hypothesize that landscape features will interact in a way that the positive effect of a given variable on insect diversity may be offset by the others. Location: Reunion Island (Indian Ocean) Taxon: The insect order thrips (Thysanoptera) Methods: Insects were sampled along replicated elevational gradients, and at each sampling plot landscape features and abiotic variables were estimated within buffers surrounding the site. Insect alpha diversity was estimated using abundance-based rarefaction methods, whereas beta diversity was estimated calculating the "local contributions to beta diversity" metric. The effect of elevation, rainfall, landscape features and their interactions was assessed on insect alpha and beta diversity and abundance during two consecutive seasons using linear mixed effects models. Results: We found that thrips alpha and beta diversity was negatively related with elevation, but the relationship varied between seasons and rainfall regimes. Among the different landscape features considered, we found that habitat amount had the strongest effect on diversity. The effect of habitat amount on diversity, however, was offset in areas of low habitat (or land cover) diversity. Main conclusions: Generalizing the factors that underlie the elevation diversity gradient has become a cornerstone in ecological theory because it can help to understand the impact of human activities on diversity. Here we show that taking landscape information into account may help to fulfil this objective because landscape effects co-vary with elevation with often intricate consequences for diversity.
Local and regional diversity of frog communities along an extensive rainforest elevation gradient in Papua New Guinea
<p>Rainforests on high tropical mountains are globally important species diversity hotspots. We studied amphibians along an extensive rainforest elevation gradient on Mt. Wilhelm (4,509 m) in Papua New Guinea. We established eight sites at 500 m elevation increments between 200 and 3,700 m a.s.l. and related their community composition to the known species pool of New Guinea island. We recorded 3,390 frogs from 55 species, which is three times more species than at any local community along the elevation gradient. Species diversity peaked at 1,700 m a.s.l. for Mt. Wilhelm communities, and at 500–1,100 m a.s.l. in the broader New Guinea fauna, probably reflecting increasing speciation and decreasing dispersal rates with increasing elevation. The beta diversity between frog communities was high and increased with increasing elevation. The change in frog community composition across 500 m elevation corresponded to the change over 200 km distance within lowland forests. A majority of frog species were distributed over narrow <500 m elevational ranges, at Mt Wilhelm and the New Guinea fauna more broadly. We did not detect Rapoport's pattern of wider elevation range for species at higher elevations than for lowland species, for Mt. Wilhelm communities or the New Guinea fauna. The high beta diversity patterns along elevation gradients generated by rapid species turnover with narrow elevation ranges make frog communities vulnerable to change in the environment, including climate change.</p>
Micro- and macroclimate interactively shape diversity, niches, and traits of Orthoptera communities along elevational gradients
<p>Temperature is one of the main drivers shaping species diversity and assembly processes. Yet, site-specific effects of the local microclimate on species and trait compositions of insect communities have rarely been assessed along macroclimatic temperature clines. Bavarian Alps, Germany Bayesian joint species distribution models were applied to investigate how ecological and morphological traits drive variation in the climatic niches of 32 Orthoptera species on 93 grassland sites with contrasting microclimatic conditions along a steep elevational macroclimatic gradient in an Alpine region in Central Europe. Species richness and abundance decreased along the elevational macroclimatic gradient, and both benefitted from warm microclimate. Interactive effects of elevation and microclimate on the abundance were, however, species-specific, and partly mediated by traits: Warm microclimatic conditions facilitated the occurrence of demanding xerophilic and late-hatching species, resulting in marked community dissimilarities at mid-elevations where colder sites harboured only a subset of the species. The latter mainly occurred at low elevations together with long-winged species. Abundance peaks of non-xerophilic species were further upslope when microclimate was warm. Intraspecifically, the body sizes and wing lengths of the larger females, but not the males, decreased with elevation akin the community mean, and brown colour morphs were more frequent at sites with warm microclimate. Our nuanced results reveal that trait-dependent responses of species to microclimate play a key role in the assembly and structuring of insect communities along macroclimatic gradients. Since microclimate preferences changed with elevation, we conclude that species temperature niches are narrower than the elevational range suggests and both macro- and microclimatic conditions must be considered when predicting species responses to climate change. Microclimatic contrasts among sites at similar elevations enhanced species turnover mediated by moisture preferences and phenology, highlighting the importance of mountains for conservation as climatic refugia where species with diverging niches can persist in proximity.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.