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3 results for “emergent leadership”
Well-being at the Frontlines: Leadership Strategies for Building Up Strong Resources Among Emergency Responders: Online Supplement
<p>This is the online supplement for a mixed-methods article on resource-oriented leadership in emergency organizations.</p> <p><em>Abstract: </em>Repeated exposure to extreme events and other demanding missions can erode protective resources among emergency responders, causing health problems that, in turn, jeopardize their readiness and performance. Using a mixed-methods approach, this article examines how leaders of emergency responders can systematically maintain and even enhance their subordinates’ well-being. To identify effective leadership strategies, we conducted in-depth interviews with 25 fire chiefs, 25 platoon leaders, and 26 subordinates from the German fire services. Employing the critical incident technique, we explored leadership processes both during emergency situations and during interim phases (training, standby time, etc.). Person-oriented leadership (developing, group-serving, and caring behavior) was described as fostering various resource gains, while task-oriented leadership (directive and problem-solving behavior) was reported to mitigate resource threats. Moreover, the interviews underscore the importance of interim phases in enhancing well-being. A cross-sectional survey with firefighters and members of a technical relief organization (N = 459) supported the qualitative findings. We integrate our results into a framework that links leadership in emergency organizations to subordinates’ well-being and readiness in demanding work contexts. Moreover, we discuss the generalizability of our results to other high-risk work contexts. </p> <p>The study was approved by the ethics committee of the Faculty of Psychology & Sports Science of [institution anonymized for review].</p> <p><br>This online supplement includes</p> <ul> <li>STUDY1_GermanFireServices.pdf: Description of the organizational differences between volunteer and professional firefighters in Germany</li> <li>STUDY1_InterviewGuides.pdf: All interview guides used in Study 1 (English translations)</li> <li>STUDY1_CI-summaries.pdf: Short summaries of all critical incidents collected in Study 1</li> <li>STUDY1_AnalysisDetails.pdf: Supplementary material on the qualitative analysis of the interviews conducted in Study 1</li> <li>STUDY2_Codebook.xlsx: a codebook describing all instructions and items of Study 2</li> <li>rawData_Study2.csv: raw data of Study 2 (anonymised; the raw data contains only the information of persons who were included in the analysis and have agreed to it.)</li> <li>STUDY2_AnalysisScript.R: An analysis script based on R</li> <li>STUDY2_Supplemental-Analyses.pdf: supplemental analyses including comparisons between final sample and dropout, comparisons between subgroups, detailed descriptive analyses</li> </ul>
Emergence and repeatability of leadership and coordinated motion in fish shoals (Gasterosteus aculeatus)
<p>Studies of self-organising groups like schools of fish or flocks of birds have sought to uncover the behavioural rules individuals use (local-level interactions) to coordinate their motion (global-level patterns). However, empirical studies tend to focus on short-term or one-off observations where coordination has already been established, or describe transitions between different coordinated states. As a result, we have a poor understanding of how behavioural rules develop and are maintained in groups. Here, we study the emergence and repeatability of coordinated motion in shoals of stickleback fish (Gasterosteus aculeatus). Shoals were introduced to a simple environment, where their spatio-temporal position was deduced via video analysis. Using directional correlation between fish velocities and wavelet analysis of fish positions, we demonstrate how shoals that are initially uncoordinated in their motion quickly transition to a coordinated state with defined individual leader-follower roles. The identities of leaders and followers were repeatable across two trials, and coordination was reached more quickly during the second trial, and by groups of fish with higher mean levels of activity. The rapid emergence of coordinated motion and repeatability of social roles in stickleback fish shoals may act to reduce uncertainty of social interactions in the wild, where individuals live in a system with high fission-fusion dynamics and non-random patterns of association.</p>
Emergence and repeatability of leadership and coordinated motion in fish shoals (Gasterosteus aculeatus)
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