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157 results for “environmental structure”
Periphyton Abundance and Structural Traits, Diatom Taxa Relative Abundance, and Associated Environmental Data from Samples Collected from the Greater Everglades, Florida, USA from September 2005 - ongoing
This data package contains benthic algae (periphyton) and environmental data collected annually during the wet season between 2005 and 2021 from sites distributed throughout the greater Everglades ecosystem. This project is part of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Program's Monitoring and Assessment Plan (CERP MAP) intended to document baseline variability in periphyton attributes for assessing the effectiveness of restoration projects. A total of 200 primary sampling units (PSU) of 800 m x 800 m are nested in 32 landscape units (LSU) and each year, random coordinates are 'drawn' within each PSU and one draw is visited in each sampleable PSU. Sampled periphyton is processed for aggregate structural traits (i.e., biomass, chlorophyll-a, organic content, and phosphorus concentration) and for diatom taxa. For diatoms, slides are prepared, and at least 500 frustules are enumerated and identified to the lowest possible taxonomic resolution per slide. Taxon abundances are then relativized to the total count. These data accompany environmental and spatial data for each sampled draw. In addition to the CERP MAP data, this dataset also includes data on the same variables collected from up to 21 primary sampling units in the Broward County Water Preserve Area beginning in 2020. The data in this package replace and supersede those in package knb-lter-fce.1210 (https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?scope=knb-lter-fce&identifier=1210).
Environmental DNA captures signals of the internal structure of a pond metacommunity
<p>R Code for the study of "<strong>Environmental DNA captures signals of the internal structure of a pond metacommunity"</strong></p>
Role of environmental factors in the genetic structure of a highly mobile seabird
<p><strong>Aim:</strong> Environmental features can act as selection pressures and barriers to gene flow between populations. The genetic structuring of highly mobile but philopatric seabirds creates a paradox, and the role of oceanographic and geographic variables is still poorly understood. In this study, we investigate the influence of environmental and geographic variables in the genetic and phenotypic diversity of a pantropical seabird breeding in islands and archipelagos separated by different geographic distances, up to thousand kilometers, and which differ in environmental characteristics.</p> <p><strong>Location:</strong> Islands and archipelagos in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean.</p> <p><strong>Taxon:</strong> <em>Sula dactylatra</em>, Lesson, 1831 (masked booby)<em>.</em></p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> The population structure of the species was accessed through mitochondrial and nuclear DNA. To test Isolation by Environment (IBE) <em>vs</em>. by Distance (IBD), sea surface temperature, primary productivity, and salinity, as well as isotopic niche based on carbon and nitrogen, and distances between colonies and from the continent, were used. We also tested the correlation between the genetic structure and the morphometry of individuals in each colony.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> We identified the presence of low genetic structure between populations. Nevertheless, differences were identified between inshore and offshore colonies, with the influence of landscape characteristics of these two types of environment. The morphometric and isotopic niche variations are consistent with this segregation.</p> <p><strong>Main conclusions:</strong> Environmental variables of coastal and oceanic environments seem to influence the genetic structure of masked boobies, even though it is low in the SW Atlantic Ocean, highlighting the role of environmental heterogeneity in shaping biodiversity.</p>
Examination of head versus body heading may help clarify the extent to which animal movement pathways are structured by environmental cues?
<p>Understanding the processes that determine how animals allocate time to space is a major challenge, althoughit is acknowledged that summed animal movement pathways over time must define space-time use. The criticalquestion is then, what processes structure these pathways? Following the idea that turns within pathways mightbe based on environmentally determined decisions, we equipped Arabian oryx with head- and body-mounted tagsto determine how they orientated their heads – which we posit is indicative of them assessing the environment– in relation to their movement paths, to investigate the role of environment scanning in path tortuosity. Aftersimulating predators to verify that oryx look directly at objects of interest, we recorded that, during routinemovement, > 60% of all turns in the animals' paths, before being executed, were preceded by a change in headheading that was not immediately mirrored by the body heading: The path turn angle (as indicated by the bodyheading) correlated with a prior change in head heading (with head heading being mirrored by subsequent turnsin the path) twenty-one times more than when path turns occurred due to the animals adopting a body headingthat went in the opposite direction to the change in head heading. Although we could not determine what theobjects of interest were, and therefore the proposed reasons for turning, we suggest that this reflects the use ofcephalic senses to detect advantageous environmental features (e.g. food) or to detect detrimental features (e.g.predators). The results of our pilot study suggest how turns might emerge in animal pathways and we proposethat examination of points of inflection in highly resolved animal paths could represent decisions in landscapesand their examination could enhance our understanding of how animal pathways are structured.</p>
FIGURE 2 in Extinction risk or lack of sampling in a threatened species: Genetic structure and environmental suitability of the neotropical frog Pristimantis penelopus (Anura: Craugastoridae)
FIGURE 2: (Left) Maximum clade credibility tree depicting the phylogenetic position of Pristimantis penelopus within the P. ridens series. Numbers on nodes indicate posterior probabilities. Numbers below nodes represent nodal support using the ultrafast bootstrap (see methods). Asterisks indicate nodal support above 95% in both Bayesian and ML methods. (Right) Haplotype network based on 460 bp of the COI region. Numbers of mutational steps are shown on the lines connecting haplotypes. Colors refer to geographic locations shown in Figure 1.
FIGURE 4 in Extinction risk or lack of sampling in a threatened species: Genetic structure and environmental suitability of the neotropical frog Pristimantis penelopus (Anura: Craugastoridae)
FIGURE 4: Potential distribution of Pristimantis penelopus based on ecological niche modeling (red). Yellow dots represents occurrence localities used to calibrate the model. See main text for details.
FIGURE 1 in Extinction risk or lack of sampling in a threatened species: Genetic structure and environmental suitability of the neotropical frog Pristimantis penelopus (Anura: Craugastoridae)
FIGURE 1: Geographic sampling of Pristimantis penelopus. Colored circles indicate sequenced specimens. Different colors represent the populations used in the genetic analysis (see Figure 2 for color codes).
FIGURE 3 in Extinction risk or lack of sampling in a threatened species: Genetic structure and environmental suitability of the neotropical frog Pristimantis penelopus (Anura: Craugastoridae)
FIGURE 3: Phenotypic variation of Pristimantis penelopus across its distribution. Localitites are shown in Appendix 1.
Fig. 11 - MSNM i28025. Chaotic crab trace showing a rapid endless sweeping structure fan from a in Anomuran and brachyuran trackways and resting trace from the Pliocene of Valduggia (Piedmont, NW Italy): environmental, behavioural, and taphonomic implications
Fig. 11 - MSNM i28025. Chaotic crab trace showing a rapid endless sweeping structure fan from a central subrounded bioturbation (?burrow) (× 0.8).
Fig. 5 in Environmental heterogeneity causes differences in the amphibian assemblage structure of an undisturbed montane cloud forest in southern Mexico
Fig. 5. Canonical Correspondence Analysis of the most common amphibians. The arrow orientation and length represent the association, direction, and strength between the environmental variables and the ordination axis. Species names correspond to: Crm (C. matudai), Plm (Pl. matudai), Pls (Pl. sagorum), Pte (Pt. euthysanota), Bof (B. franklini), Boo (B. occidentalis), and Dex (D. xolocalcae) Environmental acronyms correspond to: Hum (Humidity), Understory_Den (Under story density), Le_Li_depth (leaf litter depth), and Temp (temperature).
Fig. 4 in Environmental heterogeneity causes differences in the amphibian assemblage structure of an undisturbed montane cloud forest in southern Mexico
Fig. 4. (a) Principal Component Analysis, grouping the eight sites present in the core zones according to eight environmental variables taken in each site. Blue triangles: TCZ (El Triunfo core zone) sites; pink circles: QCZ (El Quetzal core zone) site. (b) Eight environmental variables measured in the eight sites (four per core zone). Median (solid line), 25th and 75th percentiles (boundaries of boxes), minimum and maximum (lines).
Fig. 1 in Environmental heterogeneity causes differences in the amphibian assemblage structure of an undisturbed montane cloud forest in southern Mexico
Fig. 1. Location of the two sampled zones, El Triunfo core zone [TCZ] (1) and the El Quetzal core zone [QCZ] (3), in the El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve (ETBR), Sierra Madre de Chiapas, Mexico, and illustration of the sample design (core zones, sites, and plots).
Fig. 3 in Environmental heterogeneity causes differences in the amphibian assemblage structure of an undisturbed montane cloud forest in southern Mexico
Fig. 3. (a) Rank-abundance Curves for the El Triunfo core zone [TCZ] and Quetzal core zone [QCZ] in the El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve. Letters on the Rank-abundance Curves correspond to Crm (C. matudai), Crs (C. stuarti), Pll (Pl. lacertosa), Plh (Pl. hartwegii), Plm (Pl. matudai), Pls (Pl. sagorum), Dus (D. schmidtorum), Pte (Pt. euthysanota), Exs (E. sumichrasti), Lim (L. maculatus), Bof (B. franklini), Boo (B. occidentalis), Bofl (B. flavimembris), and Dex (D. xolocalcae). (b) Nonmetric multidimensional scaling of the eight sites within the core zones in the ETBR. Blue triangles: TCZ sites, pink circles: QCZ sites. (c) Dendrogram of functional groups of the El Triunfo core zone amphibian species, using Euclidian Distance, and tested functional groups by ANOSIM are highlighted in different colors (FG1: green; FG2: brown; FG3: blue; FG4: red, and FG5: yellow).
Fig. 2 in Environmental heterogeneity causes differences in the amphibian assemblage structure of an undisturbed montane cloud forest in southern Mexico
Fig. 2. Box plots of amphibian species diversity in the El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve (ETBR), Chiapas, Mexico, showing the median (solid line), 25th and 75th percentiles (boundaries of boxes), and minimum and maximum (lines). (a) Number of individuals, (b) Species richness (0D), (c) Common species (1D), and (d) Dominant species (2D).
Fig. 1 in Environmental constraints structuring fish assemblages in riffles: evidences from a tropical stream
Fig. 1. Biplot of the Redundancy Analysis (RDA) of the reduced environmental model with species abundance (a) and trophic composition (b) as response variable. The first two axes of the RDA explained 92.4% of the speciesenvironment relationship and 98.1% of the trait-environment relationship. Species: Aspsp - Aspidoras sp.; Cetihe - Cetopsorhamdia cf. iheringi; Impsch - Imparfinis schubarti; Phesp - Phenacorhamdia sp.; Hypsp - Hypostomus sp.; Harpun - Harttia punctata; Apamac - Apareiodon machrisi; Chazeb - Characidium zebra; Crebri - Creagrutus britskii; Knocha - Knodus cf. chapadae.
Fig. 3 in Environmental factors predicting fish community structure in two neotropical rivers in Brazil
Fig. 3. Scatterplot of canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) for the fish communities of the Jogui and Iguatemi Rivers.
Fig. 2 in Environmental factors predicting fish community structure in two neotropical rivers in Brazil
Fig. 2. Similarity dendrogram of fish communities in Jogui River (above) and Iguatemi Rivers (below).
Fig. 4 in Environmental factors predicting fish community structure in two neotropical rivers in Brazil
Fig. 4. Altitudinal distributions of the main fish species in the Jogui (A) and Iguatemi (B) rivers. Black dots represent sampling sites. Horizontal black lines represent species distribution range.
Data for: Similar environmental cues guide timing of breeding and seasonal shifts in songbird social structure
<p>Seasonally breeding animals often exhibit different social structures during non-breeding and breeding periods that coincide with seasonal environmental variation. Therefore, ongoing climate change may play an important role in determining the future structure of animal societies, especially if climate determines when seasonal shifts in social structure occur. However, we know little about the environmental cues that determine the timing of seasonal shifts in social structure, a lack of knowledge that contrasts with our well-defined knowledge of the environmental cues that trigger a shift to breeding physiology in seasonally breeding species. Here we tested whether the environmental cues that drive seasonal shifts in social structure are similar to those that determine timing of breeding in the red-backed fairywren (<em>Malurus melanocephalus</em>), an Australian songbird. Social network analyses revealed that social groups, which are highly territorial during the breeding season, interact in social "communities" on larger ranges during the non-breeding season. Interactions among non-breeding groups were related to rainfall, with more rainfall leading to reductions in home range size and fewer interactions among non-breeding social groups. Similarly, onset of breeding was also determined by rainfall during the non-breeding season, with greater rainfall leading to earlier breeding. These findings reveal that for some species, the cues that determine the timing of shifts in social structure across seasonal boundaries can be similar to those that determine timing of breeding. This study increases our understanding of how social structure and the selection pressures that result from different social structures might respond to changing climates.</p>
Data for: Environmental responses of fruiting fungal communities are phylogenetically structured
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Through their ephemeral reproductive structures (fruiting bodies), ectomycorrhizal forest soil fungi provide a resource for a plethora of organisms. Thus, resolving what biotic and abiotic factors determine the occurrence and abundance of fruiting bodies is fundamental for understanding the dynamics of forest trophic networks. While the influence of abiotic factors such as moisture and temperature on fungal fruiting are relatively well established, little is known about how these processes interact with the evolutionary history of fungal species to determine when, where, and in which abundance fungal fruiting bodies will emerge. A specific knowledge gap relates to whether species' responses to their environment are phylogenetically structured. Here, we ask whether related fungal taxa respond similarly to climatic factors and forest habitat characteristics, and whether such correlated responses will affect the assembly of fungal fruiting communities. To resolve these questions, we fitted joint species distribution models combining data on the species composition and abundance of fungal fruiting bodies, environmental variation, and phylogenetic relationships among fungal taxa. Our results show that both site-level forest characteristics (dominant tree species and forest age) and climatic factors related to phenology (effective heat sum) greatly influence the occurrence and abundance of fruiting bodies. More importantly, while different fungal species responded unequally to their shared environment, there was a strong <span>phylogenetic signal in their responses, so that related fungal species tended to fruit under similar environmental conditions. </span>Thus, not only are fruiting bodies short-lived and patchily distributed, but the availability of similar resources will be further aggregated in time and space. These strong constraints on resource availability for fungus-associated taxa highlight the potential of fungus-based networks as a model system for studies on the ecology and evolution of resource–consumer relations in ephemeral systems of high spatiotemporal patchiness.</span></p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.