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46 results for “essential amino acid”
Primary producer biomarker profiles of bulk carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes (SI), compound specific stable isotopes of carbon in essential amino acids (CSIA-EAA) and their fatty acid (FA) collected from the Beaufort Sea coastal lagoons,2021-2024
Within Stefansson Sound in Prudhoe Bay, AK various organic matter sources were collected to determine multiple biomarker baseline profiles (i.e., bulk carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes (SI), compound specific stable isotopes of carbon in essential amino acids (CSIA-EAA), fatty acids (FA)). Some organic matter sources were collected from Elson lagoon in Utqiaġvik, AK and Kaktovik and Jago lagoons in Kaktovik, AK to supplement low sample sizes in some organic matter source groups. Kelp, red algae, terrestrial plants, phytoplankton, and ice algae were collected in 2024 with some supplement samples collected in 2021 - 2023. Stable isotope values of δ13C and δ15N are reported as “del_13c” and “del_15n”, respectively. Individual fatty acids are reported as the percent relative to total fatty acids for 23 fatty acids: C11:0, C12:0, C14:0, C15:1, C15:0, C16:0, C16:1n7, C17:0, C17:1, C18:0, C18:1n9 trans, C18:2n6 cis, C18:1n7, C18:3n3, C20:0, C18:3n6, C20:4n6, C21:0, C22:0, C22:1n9, C23:0, C24:0, C22:6n3. Stable isotope values of δ13C are reported in the following essential amino acids: Valine (Val), Leucine (Leu), iLeu (isoleucine), Methionine (Met), Phenylalanine (Phe). Additionally, we used ice algal diatoms collected in the Arctic (landfast ice near Utqiaġvik, Alaska) and cultured in a laboratory setting at the University of Alaska Fairbanks to compare the CSIA-EAA fingerprints of field (composites) ice algal samples and isolate diatoms samples.
Supporting dataset for: "Plasma essential amino acid concentration and profile are associated with performance of lactating dairy cows as revealed through meta-analysis and hierarchical clustering"
<p>This dataset was used in the meta-analysis and hierarchical clustering published in "Plasma essential amino acid concentration and profile are associated with performance of lactating dairy cows as revealed through meta-analysis and hierarchical clustering" in the Journal of Dairy Science. We searched Web of Science and Google Scholar databases through March 2020 with the terms “plasma EAA,” “milk urea” or “blood urea,” and “dairy” or lactating dairy”. To be included in our study, the papers must have met the following selection criteria: (1) been published in English in a peer-reviewed journal; (2) reported dietary ingredients on a DM basis and at minimum dietary CP concentration; (3) used treatments based on diet changes (e.g., no infusion trials were included); (4) reported DMI, lactation performance, and milk components yield; (5) reported all individual [EAA]p (excluding Trp); and (6) reported blood urea-N or plasma urea-N. Infusion studies were excluded to avoid possible effects of method of EAA supply (e.g., infusion vs. feeding) and to narrow the scope of application. The final dataset included 22 studies and 96 dietary treatments. For a more complete description of the methods, please refer to the published paper. </p>
Data from: Trophic plasticity in a common reef-building coral: Insights from δ13C analysis of essential amino acids
1. Reef-building corals are mixotrophic organisms that can obtain nutrition from endosymbiotic microalgae (autotrophy) and particle capture (heterotrophy). Heterotrophic nutrition is highly beneficial to many corals, particularly in times of stress. Yet the extent to which different coral species rely on heterotrophic nutrition remains largely unknown because it is challenging to quantify. 2. We developed a quantitative approach to investigate coral nutrition using carbon isotope (δ13C) analysis of six essential amino acids (AAESS) in a common Indo-Pacific coral (Pocillopora meandrina) from the fore reef habitat of Palmyra Atoll. We sampled particulate organic matter (POM) and zooplankton as the dominant heterotrophic food sources in addition to the coral host and endosymbionts. We also measured bulk tissue carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotope values of each sample type. 3. Patterns among δ13C values of individual AAESS provided complete separation between the autotrophic (endosymbionts) and heterotrophic nutritional sources. In contrast, bulk tissue δ13C and δ15N values were highly variable across the putative food sources and among the coral and endosymbiont fractions, preventing accurate estimates of coral nutrition on Palmyra. 4. We used linear discriminant analysis to quantify differences among patterns of AAESS δ13C values, or 'fingerprints', of the food resources available to corals. This allowed for the development of a quantitative continuum of coral nutrition that can identify the relative contribution of autotrophic and heterotopic nutrition to individual colonies. Our approach revealed exceptional variation in conspecific colonies at scales of meters to kilometers. On average, 41% of AAESS in P. meandrina on Palmyra are acquired via heterotrophy but some colonies appear capable of obtaining the majority of AAESS from one source or the other. 5. The use of AAESS δ13C fingerprinting analysis offers a significant improvement on the current methods for quantitatively assessing coral trophic ecology. We anticipate that this approach will facilitate studies of coral nutrition in the field, which are essential for comparing coral trophic ecology across taxa and multiple spatial scales. Such information will be critical for understanding the role of heterotrophic nutrition in coral resistance and/or resilience to ongoing environmental change.
Essential Amino Acids and High Intensity Interval Training
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04080102. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Essential Amino Acids and Protein Kinetics During Caloric Deprivation
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03372928. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Using waste CO2 to produce essential amino acids for humans: An efficient photoelectrochemical route
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Data from: Trophic plasticity in a common reef-building coral: Insights from δ13C analysis of essential amino acids
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Essential amino acid requirements of granivorous and omnivorous songbirds and the provision of natural foods
<p>Wild birds must consume certain amounts of protein and an appropriate balance of amino acids while inhabiting environments where foods often differ in the quantity and quality of available protein. The requirements for amino acids are well documented for domestic bird species but are largely unknown for wild birds, which makes it impossible to reliably assess the nutritional adequacy of foods eaten by wild birds. We measured the maintenance requirements for three essential amino acids (lysine, methionine, and arginine) in two species of songbird, the omnivorous Hermit Thrush (<i>Catharus guttatus</i>) and granivorous White-throated Sparrow (<i>Zonotrichia albicollis</i>). Hermit Thrushes and White-throated Sparrows had similar requirements for lysine (20.02 and 19.95 mg/day, respectively) and methionine (12.3 and 10.85 mg/day, respectively), whereas thrushes had lower requirements for arginine (18.07 mg/day) compared to sparrows (34.5 mg/day). Consistent with previous studies, most birds fed diets with inadequate essential amino acid concentrations reduced food intake and fecal output, lost body mass, and had lower, but not negative nitrogen balance. However, we provide the first evidence that songbirds overcompensate when they consume diets very deficient in lysine. Available data on amino acid concentrations in natural foods suggests that most insects contain relatively high concentrations of all essential amino acids, seeds likely satisfy requirements of lysine and arginine but not methionine for Hermit Thrushes and White-throated Sparrows, whereas fruits generally contain inadequate amounts of all essential amino acids. Therefore, birds that eat mostly fruit may consume enough protein but likely must eat other types of foods to satisfy their essential amino acid requirements.</p>
Effects of Essential and Non-Essential Amino Acids on Post-Exercise Muscle Collagen Synthesis in Young Men
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04596553. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 7.
Metabolic Effects of a Diet Replaced With Essential Amino Acids
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06309563. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Leucine-enriched Essential Amino Acid Intake to Optimize Protein Anabolism in Children With Cystic Fibrosis
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01172301. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Effects of Essential Amino Acid Intake on Net Protein Synthesis in Weight-losing Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01172314. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Effects of Essential Amino Acid-enriched Whey and Carbohydrate Co-ingestion on Protein Kinetics
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04621175. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Essential Amino Acids Supplementation and Muscle Protein Synthesis
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01366924. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Non- Essential Amino Acid Requirements and Metabolism in Humans
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02009917. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Effects of Supplementation With Amino Essential Acids on Circulating Albumin Levels in Stroke in Rehabilitation Phase
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04459091. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Data from: The dominant detritus-feeding invertebrate in arctic peat soils derives its essential amino acids from gut symbionts
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Data from: Ontogenetic resource utilization and migration reconstruction with δ13C values of essential amino acids in the Cynoscion acoupa otolith
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Essential amino acid requirements of granivorous and omnivorous songbirds and the provision of natural foods
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Pollen essential amino acids shape bat-flower interaction networks
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