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158 results for “evolution of plasticity”
Deep splicing plasticity of the human adenovirus type 5 transcriptome as a driver of virus evolution nanopore data 48hpi
<p>Adenovirus infected MRC5 cells direct RNA sequencing of the mRNA using nanopore. From the paper Deep splicing plasticity of the human adenovirus type 5 transcriptome as a driver of virus evolution. Both the uncorrected fastq files and the lordec corrected files together with the normalised illumina data used to correct the nanpore data are here.</p>
Experimental evolution under varying sex ratio and behavioral plasticity in response to perceived competitive environment independently affect calling effort in male crickets
<p>The operational sex ratio (OSR) is a key component influencing the magnitude of sexual selection driving the evolution of male sexual traits, but males often also retain the ability to plastically modulate trait expression depending on the current environment. Here we employed an experimental evolution approach to determine whether the OSR affects the evolution of male calling effort in decorated crickets, a costly sexual trait, and whether plasticity in calling effort is altered by the OSR under which males have evolved. Calling effort of males from two selection regimes maintained at different OSRs over 18–20 generations (male- versus female-biased) was recorded at two different levels of perceived competition, in the absence of rivals or in the presence of an experimentally muted competitor. The effect of the OSR on the evolution of male calling effort was modest and in the opposite direction predicted by theory. Instead, the immediate competitive environment strongly influenced male calling effort as males called more in the presence of a rival, revealing considerable plasticity in this trait. This increased calling effort came at a cost, however, as males confined with a muted rival experienced significantly higher mortality.</p>
Range expansion can promote the evolution of plastic generalism in coarse-grained landscapes
<p>Phenotypic plasticity is one way for organisms to deal with variable environments through generalism. However, plasticity is not found universally and its evolution may be constrained by costs and other limitations such as complexity: the need for multiple mutational steps before the adaptation is realized. Theory predicts that greater experienced heterogeneity, such as organisms may encounter when spatial heterogeneity is fine-grained relative to dispersal, should favor the evolution of a broader niche. Here we tested this prediction via simulation. We found that, contrary to classical predictions, coarse-grained landscapes can be the most favorable for the evolution of plasticity, but only when populations encountered those landscapes through range expansion. During these range expansions, coarse-grained landscapes select for each step in the complex mutational pathway to plastic generalism by blocking the dispersal of specialists. These circumstances provide ecological opportunities for innovative mutations that change the niche. Our results indicate a new mechanism by which range expansion and spatially structured landscapes interact to shape evolution, and reveal that the environments in which a complex adaptation has the highest fitness may not be the most favorable for its evolution.</p>
Data and Source codes: Ancestral sex-role plasticity facilitates the evolution of same-sex sexual behavior
<p>This repository provides access to the tracking data and analysis code used for the manuscript:</p> <p>Ancestral sex-role plasticity facilitates the evolution of same-sex sexual behavior</p> <p>by Nobuaki Mizumoto<sup>1</sup>, Thomas Bourguignon<sup>1</sup>, and Nathan W. Bailey<sup>2</sup></p> <p><sup>1</sup> Okinawa Institute of Science & Technology Graduate University, Onna-son, Okinawa, Japan <br /><br> <sup>2</sup> School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, U.K. <br /></p> <p>published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.</p>
Developmental bias in the evolution and plasticity of beetle horn shape
<p>The degree to which developmental systems bias the phenotypic effects of environmental and genetic variation, and how these biases affect evolution, is subject to much debate. Here, we assess whether developmental variability in horn shape aligns with the phenotypic effects of plasticity and evolutionary divergence, yielding three salient results. First, we find that most pathways previously shown to regulate horn length also affect shape. Second, we find that the phenotypic effects of manipulating divergent developmental pathways are correlated with each other as well as multivariate fluctuating asymmetry – a measure of developmental variability. Third, these effects further aligned with thermal plasticity, population differences, and macroevolutionary divergence between sister taxa and more distantly related species. Collectively, our results support the hypothesis that changes in horn shape —whether brought about by environmentally plastic responses, functional manipulations, or evolutionary divergences— converge along 'developmental lines of least resistance', i.e., are biased by the developmental system underpinning horn shape.</p>
Data for: Weaker selection on genes with treatment-specific expression consistent with a limit on plasticity evolution in Arabidopsis thaliana
<p>Differential gene expression between environments often underlies phenotypic plasticity. However, environment-specific expression patterns are hypothesized to relax selection on genes, and thus limit plasticity evolution. We collated over 27 terabases of RNA-sequencing data on <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em> from over 300 peer-reviewed studies and 200 treatment conditions to investigate this hypothesis. Consistent with relaxed selection, genes with more treatment-specific expression have higher levels of nucleotide diversity and divergence at nonsynonymous sites but lack stronger signals of positive selection. This result persisted even after controlling for expression level, gene length, GC content, the tissue specificity of expression, and technical variation between studies. Overall, our investigation supports the existence of a hypothesized trade-off between the environment specificity of a gene's expression and the strength of selection on said gene in <em>A. thaliana</em>. Future studies should leverage multiple genome-scale datasets to tease apart the contributions of many variables in limiting plasticity evolution.</p>
Evolution of butterfly seasonal plasticity driven by climate change varies across life stages
<p>Photoperiod is a common cue for seasonal plasticity and phenology, but climate change can create cue-environment mismatches for organisms that rely on it. Evolution could potentially correct these mismatches, but phenology often depends on multiple plastic decisions made during different life stages and seasons that may evolve separately. For example, <em>Pararge aegeria</em> (Speckled wood butterfly) has photoperiod-cued seasonal life history plasticity in two different life stages: larval development time and pupal diapause. We tested for climate-change-associated evolution of this plasticity by replicating common garden experiments conducted on two Swedish populations 30 years ago. We found evidence for evolutionary change in the contemporary larval reaction norm—although these changes differed between populations—but no evidence for evolution of the pupal reaction norm. This variation in evolution across life stages demonstrates the need to consider how climate change affects the whole life cycle to understand its impacts on phenology.</p>
Data from: Reverse plasticity underlies rapid evolution by clonal selection within populations of fibroblasts propagated on a novel soft substrate
<p>Mechanical properties such as substrate stiffness are a ubiquitous feature of a cell's environment. Many types of animal cells exhibit canonical phenotypic plasticity when grown on substrates of differing stiffness, in vitro and in vivo. Whether such plasticity is a multivariate optimum due to hundreds of millions of years of animal evolution, or instead is a compromise between conflicting selective demands, is unknown. We addressed these questions by means of experimental evolution of populations of mouse fibroblasts propagated for approximately 90 cell generations on soft or stiff substrates. The ancestral cells grow twice as fast on stiff substrate as on soft substrate and exhibit the canonical phenotypic plasticity. Soft-selected lines derived from a genetically diverse ancestral population increased growth rate on soft substrate to the ancestral level on stiff substrate and evolved the same multivariate phenotype. The pattern of plasticity in the soft-selected lines was opposite of the ancestral pattern, suggesting that reverse plasticity underlies the observed rapid evolution. Conversely, growth rate and phenotypes did not change in selected lines derived from clonal cells. Overall, our results suggest that the changes were the result of genetic evolution and not phenotypic plasticity per se. Whole-transcriptome analysis revealed consistent differentiation between ancestral and soft-selected populations, and that both emergent phenotypes and gene expression tended to revert in the soft-selected lines. However, the selected populations appear to have achieved the same phenotypic outcome by means of at least two distinct transcriptional architectures related to mechanotransduction and proliferation.</p>
Data from: Soil microbes influence the ecology and evolution of plant plasticity
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Evolution of butterfly seasonal plasticity driven by climate change varies across life stages
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Trait data for the evolution of plasticity in pairwise competitive and mutualistic community of brewer's yeast
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Data from: Repeated evolution of photoperiodic plasticity by different genetic architectures during recurrent colonizations in a butterfly
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Comparison of thermal developmental plasticity among seven recently sympatric <i>Anolis</i> species: insights into the evolution of reaction norms
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Data from: Reverse plasticity underlies rapid evolution by clonal selection within populations of fibroblasts propagated on a novel soft substrate
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Experimental evolution under varying sex ratio and behavioral plasticity in response to perceived competitive environment independently affect calling effort in male crickets
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Developmental bias in the evolution and plasticity of beetle horn shape
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Data from: Plasticity and the evolution of group-level regulation of cellular differentiation in the volvocine algae
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Range expansion can promote the evolution of plastic generalism in coarse-grained landscapes
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Data for: Weaker selection on genes with treatment-specific expression consistent with a limit on plasticity evolution in Arabidopsis thaliana
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Data from: An experimental investigation of how intraspecific competition and phenotypic plasticity can promote the evolution of novel, complex phenotypes
<p>Intraspecific competition has long been considered a key driver of evolutionary diversification, but whether it can also promote evolutionary innovation is less clear. We examined the interplay between competition and phenotypic plasticity in fueling the origins of a novel, complex phenotype––a distinctive carnivore morph found in spadefoot toad tadpoles (genus <i>Spea</i>) that specializes on fairy shrimp. We specifically sought to explore the possible origins of this phenotype by providing shrimp to <i>Scaphiopus holbrookii</i> tadpoles (the sister genus to <i>Spea </i>that does not produce carnivores) while subjecting them to competition for their standard diet of detritus. Previous research had shown that this species will eat shrimp when detritus is limited, and that these shrimp-fed individuals produce features that are redolent of a rudimentary <i>Spea </i>carnivore. In this study, we found that: 1) behavioral and morphological plasticity enabled some individuals to expand their diet to include shrimp; 2) there was heritable variation in this plasticity; and 3) individuals received a growth and development benefit by eating shrimp. Thus, novel resource use can arise via plasticity as an adaptive response to intraspecific competition. More generally, our results show how competition and plasticity may interact to pave the way for the evolution of complex, novel phenotypes, such as the distinctive carnivore morph in present-day <i>Spea</i>.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.