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21 results for “field pests”
Рис. 10. РаспреΔеΛение обсΛеΔованных поΛей в иссΛеΔуемом регионе по степени засоренности Fig. 10. Distribution of the surveyed fields in the studied region by the degree of field weediness in Reproductive potential of Soybean Cyst Nematode Heterodera glycines - quarantine pest of soybean - in Primorsky Region conditions
Рис. 10. РаспреΔеΛение обсΛеΔованных поΛей в иссΛеΔуемом регионе по степени засоренности Fig. 10. Distribution of the surveyed fields in the studied region by the degree of field weediness
Рис. 11. Зависимость чисΛенности Heterodera glycines от засоренности поΛей Fig. 11. Dependence of the number of Heterodera glycines on the field weediness in Reproductive potential of Soybean Cyst Nematode Heterodera glycines - quarantine pest of soybean - in Primorsky Region conditions
Рис. 11. Зависимость чисΛенности Heterodera glycines от засоренности поΛей Fig. 11. Dependence of the number of Heterodera glycines on the field weediness
Figure 4 in Plant age, crop stage and surrounding habitats: their impact on sucking pests and predators complex in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) field plots in arid climate at district Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan
Figure 4. Means (±SE) number of sucking insect pests (jassid, thrips, whitefly) and predators (green lacewing, spider) in cotton field plots at three locations (five replications) with different surrounding habitats (sugarcane + sesame, monoculture, sesame) during cropping season of cotton from June 20 to September 18, 2018 at Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan.
Figure 3 in Plant age, crop stage and surrounding habitats: their impact on sucking pests and predators complex in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) field plots in arid climate at district Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan
Figure 3. Means (±SE) number of sucking insect pests (jassid, thrips, whitefly) and predators (green lacewing, spider) in cotton field plots at three locations (five replications) at different crop developmental stages (crop phenology) of cotton from June 20 to September 18, 2018 at Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan.
Figure 2 in Plant age, crop stage and surrounding habitats: their impact on sucking pests and predators complex in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) field plots in arid climate at district Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan
Figure 2. Means (±SE) number of sucking insect pests (jassid, thrips, whitefly) and predators (green lacewing, spider) in cotton field plots at three locations (five replications) during cropping season of cotton from June 20 to September 18, 2018 at Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan.
Figure 1 in Plant age, crop stage and surrounding habitats: their impact on sucking pests and predators complex in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) field plots in arid climate at district Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan
Figure 1. Percent numbers of sucking insect pests (jassid, thrips, whitefly) and predators (green lacewing, spider) in cotton field plots at three locations (five replications) during 2018 at Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan.
Fig. 1 in Pest and beneficial arthropods in a 'Tifon 85' bermudagrass field in north central Florida
Fig. 1. Mean number of major pest arthropods collected each sampling day (9 sweep net samples per sub-plot, 3 replicates) on a north central Florida farm in 'Tifon 85' bermudagrass grown for 35 d afer being cut to a stubble height of 8 or 15 cm. The sampling days were 5, 13, 18, and 27 Aug; 3, 9, 16, 23, and 30 Sep; and 7, 14, 22, and 29 Oct 2008. The grass was cut on 4 Sep and 9 Oct, between sample days 5 and 6 and sample days 10 and 11, respectively (bars below the x-axes).
Fig. 2 in Effects of Farming Systems on Insect Communities in the Paddy Fields of a Simplified Landscape During a Pest-control Intervention.
Fig. 2. Two-dimensional NMDS ordination of 40 insect communities sampled under different farming systems in northern Taiwan (stress = 0.18).
Fig. 1. A in The effectiveness of field pest management and culling at harvest for risk mitigation of two fruit flies affecting citrus in China
Fig. 1. A logic chart illustrating work flow and calculating efficacies of pest management and culling at harvest (systems approach efficacy = the efficacy of the 2 measures together).
Influence of crop field size on pest densities, pesticide use, and crop yield
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Data from: Pest control potential of adjacent agri-environment schemes varies with crop type and is shaped by landscape context and within-field position
<ol> <li>Increasing natural pest control in agricultural fields is an important aim of ecological intensification. Combined effects of landscape context and local placement of agri-environmental schemes on natural pest control and within field distance functions of natural pest control agents have rarely been addressed but might affect the distribution of biocontrol providers. Importantly, it is currently unknown whether ecosystem services provided by adjacent agri-environmental schemes (AES) are consistent for different crop types during crop rotation.</li> <li>In this study, we assessed whether crop rotation from oilseed rape to cereals altered within-field distance functions of ground dwelling predators from adjacent agri-environmental fields along a gradient in landscape context. Additionally we recorded crop pests, predation rates, parasitoids as well as crop yields on a total of 30 study sites.</li> <li>Distance functions varied between trophic levels: Carabid richness decreased while densities of carabid beetles, staphylinid beetles as well as crop yields increased towards the field centres. Distance functions of parasitoids and pests were modulated by the amount of semi-natural habitat in the surrounding landscape, while the effects of adjacent AES were limited.</li> <li>Distance decay functions found for ground dwelling predators in oilseed rape in the previous year were not always present in cereals. Increasing distance to the field edge also increased effects of crop rotation on carabid beetle assemblages, indicating a source habitat function of field edges.</li> <li>Synthesis and applications<i>.</i> Distance functions of natural pest control are not universal and the effects of agri-environmental schemes (AES) in different adjacent crops during crop rotation vary and depends on ecological contrasts. A network of semi-natural habitats and spatially optimised AES habitats can benefit pest control in agricultural landscapes, but constraints as a result of crop type need to be addressed by annually targeted, spatially shifting AES schemes for different crops.</li> </ol> <div> </div>
Fig. 1 in Effects of Farming Systems on Insect Communities in the Paddy Fields of a Simplified Landscape During a Pest-control Intervention.
Fig. 1. Rice fields of different farming systems sampled in northern Taiwan.
Data from: Pest control potential of adjacent agri-environment schemes varies with crop type and is shaped by landscape context and within-field position
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Data from: Wildflower strip establishment supports beneficial ground-dwelling arthropods and pest control but has limited effects on weed seed control and spillover to adjacent fields
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Supplementary material 1 from: Zembrzuski D, Woller DA, Jech L, Black LR, Reuter KC, Overson R, Cease A (2021) Establishing the nutritional landscape and macronutrient preferences of a major United States rangeland pest, Melanoplus sanguinipes, in field and lab populations. Journal of Orthoptera Research 30(2): 163-172. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.30.61605
Supplementary material 1 from: Zembrzuski D, Woller DA, Jech L, Black LR, Reuter KC, Overson R, Cease A (2021) Establishing the nutritional landscape and macronutrient preferences of a major United States rangeland pest, Melanoplus sanguinipes, in field and lab populations. Journal of Orthoptera Research 30(2): 163-172. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.30.61605
Raw sequence of: Field investigation- and dietary metabarcoding-based screening of arthropods that prey on primary tea pests
<p><span>Predatory natural enemies play key functional roles in </span><span>biological control</span><span>.</span><span> Abundant </span><span>predatory arthropod species</span> <span>have been recorded</span><span> in tea plantation ecosystems.</span><span> However, few studies have comprehensively evaluated the control effect of predatory arthropods on tea pests in the field. We performed a one-year field investigation and collected predatory arthropods and pests in the tea </span><span>canopy.</span><span> Total 7,931 predatory arthropod individuals were collected, and </span><em><span>Coleosoma blandum</span></em><span> (Araneae, Theridiidae) was the most abundant species in the studied tea plantation. The population dynamics between <em>C. blandum</em> and four main tea pest species (<em>Aleurocanthus spiniferus, Empoasca onukii, Ectropis grisescens</em> and <em>Scopula subpunctaria</em>) were established using the individual number of predators and pests in each month. The results showed that the occurrence of </span><span>C. blandum</span> <span>showed high synchronism</span><span> with the occurrence of <em>A. spiniferus, Em. onukii </em>and <em>Ec. grisescens</em></span><span>. </span><span>The prey spectrum of <em>C. blandum</em> was </span><span>further analyzed using DNA metabarcoding. Among prey species, <em>A. spiniferus, Em. onuki</em>i and <em>Ec. grisescens</em> were included, and the relative abundance and positive rates of target DNA fragments of <em>A. spiniferus </em>were </span><span>obviously</span><span> greater</span> <span>than</span><span> those of other two pests.</span></p>
Data from: Species composition and community structure of small pest rodents (Muridae) in cultivated and fallow fields in maize growing areas in Mayuge district, Eastern Uganda
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Raw sequence of: Field investigation- and dietary metabarcoding-based screening of arthropods that prey on primary tea pests
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Figure 3 from: Zembrzuski D, Woller DA, Jech L, Black LR, Reuter KC, Overson R, Cease A (2021) Establishing the nutritional landscape and macronutrient preferences of a major United States rangeland pest, Melanoplus sanguinipes, in field and lab populations. Journal of Orthoptera Research 30(2): 163-172. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.30.61605
Figure 3 Performance experiments. Survival and specific growth rates of grasshoppers from the long-term lab colony no-choice diet experiments. A. The specific growth rates for each diet treatment. Diamonds indicate the mean and bolded lines indicate the median. Boxes are +/- 25%, lines represent minimum and maximum values excluding extreme values, and dots indicate data points > 1.5 farther from the box edge than the interquartile range. Lower case letters indicate differences from Mann-Whitney post-hoc analyses. B. The proportion of grasshoppers surviving through time on each diet treatment. Most diet treatments did not have individuals die until the 5th day of the experiment, and most treatments except 7p:35c had minimal deaths (although there were no significant differences among treatments). C. Proportion of grasshoppers molting to adults over time. Most of the diets saw increases in molting from days 5–7, except diet treatment 7p:35c, which was delayed and had the least number of grasshoppers successfully molt (significantly different from all other treatments).
Figure 2 from: Zembrzuski D, Woller DA, Jech L, Black LR, Reuter KC, Overson R, Cease A (2021) Establishing the nutritional landscape and macronutrient preferences of a major United States rangeland pest, Melanoplus sanguinipes, in field and lab populations. Journal of Orthoptera Research 30(2): 163-172. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.30.61605
Figure 2 Field IT compared to nutritional landscape. A, B. Grasshopper intake targets of the field populations (black solid line) alongside the nutrient contents of grasses (triangles) and forbs (circles) collected from the same fields. The grey solid line represents the intake target from the other field population. The dotted line represents a 1p:1c ratio. C, D. The average Euclidean distance between the plants (triangles and circles in A and B) and either the grasshopper IT from each location or the 1p:1c line. * denotes a significant difference between the Euclidean distances calculated from the IT and the 1p:1c line.
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